Reichstag constituency Wiesbaden district 2

The constituency of the German Reich.

The Reichstag constituency of the province of Hessen-Nassau - Wiesbaden region 2 was a constituency for the Reichstag elections in the German Empire and in the North German Confederation from 1867 to 1918.

Constituency layout

It included the former Nassau offices of Eltville , Langenschwalbach , Rüdesheim , Wehen , Wiesbaden and the city of Wiesbaden (i.e. the districts of Untertaunus , parts of the Rheingau district and the independent city of Wiesbaden).

It was a highly competitive constituency, which was mostly decided in runoff elections .

Population development

year	Residents
1890	148,304
1895	162,653
1900	182,566
1905	208,653
1910	221.505

Professional men

	Agriculture	Industry and commerce	Trade and services
1895	27.1	38.0	34.9
1907	22.2	40.8	37.0

Denomination

	Evangelical	Catholic
1890	56.6	40.4
1905	57.3	39.8
1910	57.6	39.6

MPs

choice	MP	Political party	image
Reichstag election February 1867 to 1871	Karl Braun	NLP
Reichstag election from 1871 to 1893	Friedrich Schenck	DFP
Reichstag election from 1893 to 1897	Rudolph Koepp	FrVg
Replacement election 1897 to 1901	Louis Wintermeyer	FrVg
Substitute election 1901 to 1903	Hans Crüger	FrVg	0
Reichstag election 1903	Eduard Bartling	NLP
Reichstag election 1907	Gustav Lehmann	SPD
Reichstag election 1912	Eduard Bartling	NLP

elections

1867 (February)

There was only one ballot. The number of votes cast was 11,174.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Karl Braun	NL	7879	70.5%	0
Friedrich Wilhelm Schepp	Old Nassau conservative	2805	25.1%	State Councilor and President of the Wiesbaden Court of Appeal and Court of Justice
Franz Freiherr Preuschen from and to Lieberstein	conservative	277	2.5%	Higher Appeal Judge
Other	0	approx. 213	1.9%	0

1867 (August)

There was only one ballot. The number of votes cast was 5877. Of these 5869 were valid votes.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Karl Braun	NL	4859	82.8%	0
Franz Freiherr Preuschen from and to Lieberstein	conservative	536	9.1%	Higher Appeal Judge
Friedrich Rath	gouv.	376	6.4%	Bailiff, district administrator
Other	0	98	1.7%	0

1871

There were two ballots. The number of votes cast was 10,239 in the first ballot, the turnout was 51.6%. 10,174 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Friedrich Schenck	DFP	3438	38.8%	0
Adolf Tilmann	center	3951	38.8%	Forest inspector
Karl Braun	NLP	2730	26.8%	0
Others	0	55	0.5%	0

The number of valid votes cast was 13,496 in the runoff election, and the turnout was around 68%.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Friedrich Schenck	DFP	9097	67.4%	0
Adolf Tilmann	center	4399	32.6%	Forest inspector

1874

There was only one ballot. The number of eligible voters was 22,501, the number of votes cast was 16,059, and the turnout 71.4%. 16,032 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch	DFP	11,062	69.0%	0
Philipp Freiherr Wambolt von Umstadt	center	4605	28.7%	Landowner
JM Hirsch	SPD	342	2.1	JM Hirsch was a Lasallean and accountant in Winkel
Others	0	23	0.1%	0

1877

There was only one ballot in 1877. The number of eligible voters was 24,161, the number of votes cast was 15,219, and the turnout was 63.0%. 15,199 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch	DFP	9632	63.4%	0
Nicola Racké	center	4771	31.4%	Merchant in Mainz
Christian Schlichter	NLP	439	2.9%	Chief magistrate, 1st Mayor of Mainz
Johann Jacoby	SPD	344	2.3%	Jacobi was Dr. med in Koenigsberg
Others	0	13	0.1%	0

1878

There was only one ballot. The number of eligible voters was 25,372, the number of votes cast was 18,036, and the turnout 71.1%. 17,982 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch	DFP	10,557	58.7%	0
Nicola Racké	center	5129	28.5%	Merchant in Mainz
Friedrich von Reichenau	NLP	1853	10.3%	(* 1823 in Wiesbaden, † 1901 ibid.) 1861 Court and Appeal Court Councilor in Wiesbaden, 1867 Royal Pr. Government Councilor in Wiesbaden, 1886 Administrative Court Director Wiesbaden, 1900 retired
Wilhelm Liebknecht	SPD	436	2.4%
Others	0	7th	0.1%	0

1881

A ballot took place in 1881. The number of eligible voters was 25,464, the number of votes cast was 16,903, and the turnout was 66.4%. 16,855 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch	DFP	10,291	61.0%	0
Dr. phil Weil	center	4125	24.5%	from Kiedrich
Reinhold von Werner	Conservative	1805	10.7%	Writer on naval warfare issues
Wilhelm Liebknecht	SPD	616	3.7%
Others	0	18th	0.1%	0

1883

A ballot took place in the supplementary election on August 6, 1883. The number of eligible voters was 26,062, the number of votes cast was 12,536, and the turnout was 48.1%. 12,509 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Friedrich Schenck	DFP	7014	56.1%	0
Wilhelm Freiherr Spies von Büllesheim	center	3250	26.0%	royal Prussian Rittmeister a. D.
Reinhold Werner	Conservative	886	7.1%	Writer on naval warfare issues
Franz Jöst	SPD	1338	10.7%
Others	0	21st	0.1%	0

1884

In 1884 there were two ballots. In the first ballot, the number of eligible voters was 26,772, the number of votes cast was 16,223 and the turnout was 60.6%. 16,190 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Friedrich Schenck	DFP	6177	38.1%	0
H. Fasshauer	K / Craftsmen Party	791	4.9%	Tailor, cloth merchant, general secretary
Julius Grimm	NLP	3138	19.4%	0
Philipp Wasserburg	center	3927	24.3%	Writer and court assessor
0	SPD	2125	13.1%	0
Others	0	32	0.2%	0

In the second ballot there were 16,107 votes cast and a turnout of 60.2%. 16,076 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Friedrich Schenck	DFP	10,701	66.6%	0
Philipp Wasserburg	center	5375	33.4%	Writer and court assessor

1887

A ballot took place in 1887. The number of votes cast was 20,952, and the turnout was 76.1%. 20,896 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Friedrich Schenck	DFP	11,337	54.3%	0
Otto Sartorius	NLP	7197	34.4%	0
Franz Jöst	SPD	2356	11.3%	0
Others	0	6th	0.0%	0

1890

In the Reichstag election in 1890 , the cartel parties (NLP and Conservatives) agreed on a constituency candidate for the NLP. The center renounced a candidate and called for the election of the Liberal candidate. A ballot took place in 1890. The number of votes cast was 19,598, with a turnout of 66.6%. 19,551 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Friedrich Schenck	DFP	10,276	52.6%	0
Julius Grimm	NLP	4091	20.9%	0
Emil Fleischmann	SPD	5162	26.4%	0
Others	0	22nd	0.1%	0

1893

In the Reichstag elections in 1893 , the division of the German Freedom Party into the right-wing liberal Liberal Association and the left-wing liberal Liberal People's Party was of central importance in the constituency. The free-minded constituency member Friedrich Schenck had joined the Free-minded People's Party, while the Free-minded Association set up Rudolph Koepp. Koepp also managed to get support from NLP and Conservatives in the constituency. The German Social Party started with the support of the BdL and the German Farmers' Union.

In 1893 there were two ballots. In the first ballot, the number of eligible voters was 31,995, the number of votes cast was 23,776, and the turnout was 74.3%. 23,721 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Rudolph Koepp	FrVg	6289	26.5%	0
Julius Brade	AS	1245	5.2%	Premier Lieutenant ret. D. from Wiesbaden
Heinrich Rody	center	5027	21.2%	Dr. theol., pastor in Oestrich
Friedrich Schenck	FrVg	4895	20.6%	0
Emil Fleischmann	SPD	6253	26.4%	0
Others	0	12	0.1%	0

In the runoff election, the Free People's Party refused to support its sister party and approved the vote. The anti-Semites, however, called for the election of Koepp. The center called for abstention. In the second ballot there were 21,679 votes and a turnout of 67.8%. 21,436 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Rudolph Koepp	FrVg	11,870	55.4%	0
Emil Fleischmann	SPD	9566	44.6%	0

Replacement election 1897

After the death of Rudolph Koepp there was a replacement election. The Liberal Association, which had few members in the constituency, looked for a candidate but couldn't find one. This led to the extremely rare situation that the party that won the constituency in the last election did not put up its own candidate. The cartel parties again agreed on a common candidate from the NLP. Two ballots took place in the election on June 9, 1897. In the first ballot, the number of eligible voters was 35,404, the number of votes cast was 20,624, and the turnout was 58.3%. 20,570 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Louis Wintermeyer	FrVg	6761	32.9%	0
Eduard Bartling	NLP	3058	14.9%	0
Raymund Count von Fugger	center	5541	26.9%	0
Max Quarck	SPD	5207	25.3%	0
Others	0	3	0.0%	0

Before the runoff election, the Social Democrats called for "strictest abstention". That was a little devalued by the fact that Max Quarck publicly called for the election of the center candidate. The Conservatives called for the Center candidate to be voted or abstained. Shortly before the runoff election, the FVP and NLP came to an agreement: The NLP called for the election of the free-minded candidate, the free-minded in return said they would support the NLP candidate in the next state election.

In the second ballot there were 22,248 votes and a turnout of 62.8%. 22,147 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Louis Wintermeyer	FrVg	14,011	63.3%	0
Raymund Count von Fugger	center	8136	36.7%	0

1898

The NLP shop stewards agreed to support the conservative candidate. Deviating from this, however, the NLP in the Biebrich office and the Rheingau district called for the election of the liberal candidate. Wintermeyer also supported the Liberal Association “despite his stance on the fleet issue”.

In 1898 there were two ballots. In the first ballot, the number of eligible voters was 37,181, the number of votes cast was 24,361, and the turnout was 65.5%. 24,296 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Louis Wintermeyer	FrVg	7740	31.9%	0
Hardtmuth	DRP	3131	12.9%	District Court Councilor in Wiesbaden, Dr. jur.
Felix Porsch	center	5368	22.1%	0
Max Quarck	SPD	8050	33.1%	0
Others	0	7th	0.0%	0

Conservatives, NLP and the BdL Wintermeyer supported the runoff election. The center made its approval contingent on the Free People's Party in return supporting the center candidates in constituencies 187 (Wiesbaden-Obertaunus) and 200 (Hanau).

In the second ballot there were 25,808 votes cast and a turnout of 69.4%. 25,704 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Louis Wintermeyer	FrVg	15.205	59.2%	0
Max Quarck	SPD	10,499	40.8%	0

Substitute election 1901

A replacement election took place after Wintermeyer's death. Before the election, the NLP tried in vain to forge a broad electoral alliance. However, the FVP declined the offer (afterwards the NLP would have supported the left-liberal candidate in the state election). The center also preferred to set up its own candidate. The NLP candidate was only supported by the conservatives.

In the replacement election on November 30, 1901, two ballots took place. In the first ballot, the number of eligible voters was 40,824, the number of votes cast was 28,814, and the turnout was 69.1%. 28,128 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Hans Crüger	FrVg	6400	22.8%	0
Georg Hatzmann	BdL	944	3.4%	Farmer in Niederneisen.
Eduard Breitling	NLP	5452	19.3%	0
Eduard Fuchs	center	5826	20.7%	0
Max Quarck	SPD	9500	33.8%	0
Others	0	6th	0.0%	0

In the runoff election, the center and conservatives supported the left-liberal candidate. The NLP was divided.

In the second ballot there were 26,415 votes cast and a voter turnout of 64.7%. 26,248 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Hans Crüger	FrVg	14,902	56.8%	0
Max Quarck	SPD	11,346	43.2%	0

1903

In contrast to the previous election, this time the NLP managed to find broad support for its candidate. The conservatives, the BdL and the anti-Semites supported Bartling. In return, the NLP promised to support the conservative candidate in the next state election.

In 1903 there were two ballots. In the first ballot, the number of eligible voters was 44,095, the number of votes cast was 32,163, and the turnout was 72.9%. 32,097 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Hans Crüger	FrVg	6177	19.2%	0
Eduard Breitling	NLP	7607	23.7%	0
Rudolf im Walle	center	7441	23.2%	Higher Regional Court Councilor in Halle, MdL
Gustav Lehmann	SPD	10,865	33.9%	0
Others	0	7th	0.0%	0

In the runoff election, the center supported the NLP, the two liberal parties published no recommendation.

In the second ballot there were 32,817 votes and a voter turnout of 74.7%. 32,585 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Eduard Breitling	NLP	17,833	54.7%	0
Gustav Lehmann	SPD	14,752	45.3%	0

1907

The NLP tried to create an alliance of all parties that could agree on the Herero question. However, Freinness rejected Bartling as a joint candidate.

In 1907 there were two ballots. In the first ballot, the number of eligible voters was 46,461, the number of votes cast was 40,120, and the turnout was 86.4%. 40,041 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Alexander Alberti	FrVg	7645	19.1%	0
Eduard Breitling	NLP	10,792	27.0%	0
Josef Wahl	center	8965	22.4%	Teacher at the Latin School in Eltville
Gustav Lehmann	SPD	12,630	31.5%	0
Others	0	9	0.0%	0

Freinness supported Bartling in the runoff election. The center supports the SPD. In the second ballot there were 38,141 votes cast and a turnout of 82.1%. 37,484 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Eduard Breitling	NLP	18,117	48.3%	0
Gustav Lehmann	SPD	19,367	51.7%	0

1912

All negotiations on cooperation between the liberal parties in order to take the SPD's mandate again failed. However, Freisinn and NLP agreed to support the successful candidate against the Social Democrats in the runoff election.

In 1912 there were two ballots. In the first ballot, the number of eligible voters was 50,449, the number of votes cast was 42,652, and the turnout was 84.5%. 42,545 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Wilhelm Klingender	ChrS (WWVg)	274	0.6%	Major General zD
Eduard Breitling	NLP	10,421	24.5%	0
Ludwig Wilhelmi	K	598	1.4%	Lieutenant Colonel a. D., co-founder of the Conservative Party in Nassau
George of Kloeden	independent (center)	7089	16.7%	Major General zD
Albert Sturm	FoVP	8922	21.0%	Pensioners in Wiesbaden
Gustav Lehmann	SPD	15,222	35.8%	0
Others	0	19th	0.0%	0

In addition to the right-wing and left-wing liberals, the center also supported Bartling in the runoff election. In return, Bartling campaigned for NLP support for the center candidate in Cologne.

In the second ballot there were 42,740 votes cast and a voter turnout of 84.7%. 32,400 votes were valid.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Eduard Breitling	NLP	23,951	56.5%	0
Gustav Lehmann	SPD	18,449	43.5%	0

literature

• Thomas Klein: The Hessians as Reichstag voters, first volume: Province of Hessen-Nassau and Waldseck-Pyrmont 1867-1933, 1989, ISBN 3-7708-0924-6 , page 578-655
• Carl-Wilhelm Reibel: Handbook of the Reichstag elections 1890-1918, 1st half-volume, 2007, ISBN 978-3-7700-5284-4 , pp. 753-757, 762-768.