Riebeckplatz
The Riebeckplatz in Halle (Saale) is a traffic hub between the main train station and the city center, which is named after the industrialist Carl Adolf Riebeck .
meaning
The Riebeckplatz is the busiest place in the eastern federal states , the volume of traffic is 80,000 vehicles per day and 52 trains per hour at peak times. At the same time, it is one of the largest urban traffic light-regulated roundabouts in Germany . While the B 6 crosses the Riebeckplatz in a north-south direction over the high streets, the B 80 to the west ( Eisleben ) and the B 91 to the south ( Merseburg ) begin at Riebeckplatz . In addition, two heavily frequented main streets lead to Riebeckplatz. Several tram lines of HAVAG meet here. The square is the starting point of the Halle – Bad Dürrenberg regional tram . Numerous local and regional bus routes serve the directly adjacent central bus station .
history
Middle Ages – 1809
Originally, the area of today's Riebeckplatz was called the Galgtorvorplatz , because the gallows of the city of Halle (see also: Galgenberg Halle ) had been located here since around 1100, which was relocated here as part of the great city expansion and fortification. The Galgtorvorplatz was already the traffic junction of the city of Halle in the Middle Ages, as the Leipziger Heerstraße, the Magdeburger Weg, the Reideburger Straße and the Merseburger Weg met here.
Due to the many repairs and the costly new installations, was 1698 with the permission of Friedrich III. A stone gallows was erected instead of the wooden quick-release gallows. On the site of today's Riebeckplatz there was also the Rabenstein as another place of execution, which was set up with the approval of Cardinal Albrecht . In addition, there are said to have been six wheels on tall wooden pillars. These were used to punish the previously hanged twice. A stone prayer column should u. a. instill courage and steadfastness in the condemned before their execution. This prayer column is now on the Universitätsring.
The first inn was built around 1720, later the Hotel Goldene Kugel . The Galgtorvorplatz was described by a traveler in 1795 as a desolate heap of rubble and dirt with tons of pig droppings. It is said to have been ransacked by herds of pigs and given off a disgusting smell. Often the remains of corpses are said to have hung on the gallows or eaten by ravens on the Rabenstein. This view changed in 1809 at the latest when the gallows and other equipment on the Galgtor forecourt were demolished under French rule.
1809-1945
After the gallows were torn down, a garden and many new inns were built on the site of today's Riebeckplatz. In 1827 the square was named Leipziger Platz . After 1840 major renovations were carried out in the course of the construction of the railway connections to Magdeburg, Leipzig ( Magdeburg-Leipziger Railway ) and Weißenfels ( Thuringian Railway ) in 1844. At that time, the beautification of the square was the focus of urban development, as it represented the entry into the city . In addition, many new houses were built and a fountain was built in 1868.
The square was named after Carl Adolf Riebeck, a meritorious businessman and industrialist, who died in 1891 . With increasing traffic in the first half of the 20th century, there were various plans to redesign the square, but they were not implemented. An American bombing raid on March 31, 1945 completely or partially destroyed numerous representative buildings, including the Goldene Kugel hotels by Hermann Frede , Europa , Weltkugel and Hohenzollernhof .
1945-1991
After the end of the war, the name of the square was changed to Ernst-Thälmann-Platz (popularly simply Thälmannplatz ). Since this was the busiest junction in the GDR from 1960 onwards, it became necessary to redesign the square. From now on, vehicle and passenger traffic were to be managed on three separate levels: traffic flow in north-south direction on an elevated road built from 1965, east-west traffic flow in a four-lane roundabout below the elevated road, and passenger traffic in a tunnel system. As a result of the renovation work, the previously seven-armed roundabout was reduced to just four road connections. Within the district, stops for several tram lines and stands for taxis have been set up. The direct area around the square was also affected by the redesign. With the demolition of several adjacent buildings, space was created for new representative buildings, including the Hotel Stadt Halle , two 23-storey high-rise buildings , the teacher's house and several administrative buildings. The monument to the revolutionary workers' movement was erected in front of the teacher's house and unveiled on October 6, 1970.
1991 – today
In 1991 the square was given back one of its old names, Riebeckplatz . The volume of traffic, which had risen sharply after 1990, could no longer be managed to a sufficient extent, especially during rush hour traffic jams often formed for kilometers. The number of accidents on the site increased significantly, with annual deaths. Various planning-related proposed solutions that were supposed to eliminate the causes were initially not implemented. It was not until a direct tram connection to Halle-Neustadt was built in 2005/2006 that the space needed to be adapted to future requirements. The tram lines, which previously crossed vehicle traffic in three places, were lowered to the level of the pedestrian area, so that the trams have been crossing under the square ever since.
By setting up traffic lights, the traffic flow on the square was re-regulated, which led to a drastic reduction in the number of traffic accidents. The Riebeckplatz also received a shopping street and glass roofs, and the surrounding area was partially redesigned. At a cost of around 35 million euros, it was the largest inner-city road construction project in the new federal states.
There have been various developments in the area around the square in recent years. While some of the buildings erected in the 1960s are still in use and z. Sometimes it was renovated ( Haus des Lehrers - headquarters of the teachers' institute Saxony-Anhalt), the two striking high-rise buildings were demolished despite other proposals from an architecture competition as part of the IBA 2010 and a public petition. The reason for this decision was the expected high renovation and operating costs. The nearby bus station has been extensively modernized.
Not a single building has been preserved from Riebeckplatz, as it existed until it was partially destroyed in 1945.
various
- The crossing of the square, built from 1965, was the first elevated road in the GDR.
- According to Horst Sindermann , first secretary of the SED district leadership in Halle from 1963 to 1971, the Hochstraße was popularly referred to as the Sindermann hump .
- The square and the memorial standing on it was one of the motifs of the 30-pfennig stamp of the permanent stamp series Aufbau in der GDR .
literature
-
Johann Christoph von Dreyhaupt : Pagus Neletici et Nudzici, or detailed diplomatic-historical description of the former Primat and Ertz-Stifft, but now secularized by the Westphalian Peace Conclusion, Hall-Creyses, and all cities, castles, offices within it , Manors, noble families, churches, monasteries, parishes and villages, especially the cities of Halle, Neumarckt, Glaucha, Wettin, Lobejün, Cönnern and Alsleben . 2 volumes. Waisenhaus Verlag, Halle 1755. Digital copies of the ULB Saxony-Anhalt , Halle.
- Erik Neumann: The Riebeckplatz - metamorphoses of an urban space . In: Werner Freitag , Katrin Ranft, Andreas Minner (ed.): History of the city of Halle . tape 2 . Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle 2006, ISBN 3-89812-383-9 , p. 432-441 .
- Erik Neumann: Where the gallows once stood - on the building and house history of Riebeckplatz . In: Ralf Jacob (ed.): Yearbook for the history of the city of Halle 2003 . Verlag Janos Stekovics , Dößel 2003, ISBN 3-89923-044-2 , p. 97-106 .
- Katja Reindel: The Riebeckplatz . In: Angela Dolgner (Ed.): Historic places in the city of Halle on the Saale. (= Research on the history of the city of Halle ). tape 11 . Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle 2007, ISBN 978-3-89812-495-9 , p. 222-251 .
- Christian Gottlieb August Runde: Round Chronicle of the City of Halle 1750–1835 . Gebauer Schwetschke Verlag, Halle 1933, p. 379-385 (reprint).
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Siegmar Baron von Schultze-Galléra : Topography or history of houses and streets in the city of Halle ad Saale . tape 1 . Wilhelm Hendrichs, Halle 1920, p. 172-187 .
- Reprint : Verlag Rockstuhl, Bad Langensalza 2018, ISBN 978-3-95966-305-2 .
- Siegmar Baron von Schultze-Galléra: The Medieval Hall - From the founding of the city to the development of the city council. (= History of the city of Halle . Volume 1 ). Heimat-Verlag für Schule und Haus, Halle 1925, DNB 368183491 .
- Reprint: Verlag Rockstuhl, Bad Langensalza 2016, ISBN 978-3-95966-122-5 .
Movie
- Our boulevards - The Riebeckplatz in Halle. Documentary, Germany, 2017, 29:53 min., Script and direction: Anja Walczak and Sven Stephan, production: MDR , series: Der Osten - Discover, wo du Leben , first broadcast: August 29, 2017 on MDR television , synopsis by MDR , ( Memento from April 17, 2018 in the Internet Archive ).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Schultze-Galléra 1920, p. 182.
- ↑ Neumann 2006, p 432nd
- ↑ Runde 1933, p. 380.
- ↑ Runde 1933, p. 187.
- ↑ Runde 1933, p. 183.
- ↑ Runde 1933, p. 184.
- ↑ Runde 1933, p. 380.
- ↑ Runde 1933, p. 381.
- ↑ Schultze-Galléra 1920, p. 185.
- ↑ dg .: Four fists for the garbage dump. In: Die Welt , July 24, 2003, accessed on May 6, 2020.
- ↑ IBA Urban Redevelopment 2010: Location 1 - Riebeckplatz. What are the skyscrapers worth to us? In: Stadt Halle , accessed on April 17, 2018.
Coordinates: 51 ° 28 ′ 42.8 ″ N , 11 ° 59 ′ 0.8 ″ E