Riescheid

Riescheid City of Wuppertal Coordinates: 51 ° 17 ′ 14 "  N , 7 ° 11 ′ 27"  E
Height :	227 m above sea level NHN
Area code :	0202
Location of Riescheid in Wuppertal

Riescheid is a locality in the mountainous city ​​of Wuppertal . It emerges from one of the medieval farms of origin in Barmen .

Location and description

The location is at an altitude of 227  m above sea level. NHN on today's Winchenbachstrasse in the Hatzfeld residential area of the Barmen district in the Leimbach valley . To the south lies the Wollspinnersberg ridge in what is now the Wuppertal North Park , to the north the terrain rises to form the watershed between the river systems of the Wupper and the Ruhr . The Loh – Hatzfeld railway line, which is now closed , runs south of the village, behind it is the federal motorway 46 .

Today the location is mainly known by the names of the nearby allotment gardens Riescheid-Ost and Riescheid-West .

Etymology and history

Map of the courts in the area of ​​today's Barmen by Erich Philipp Ploennies (1715)

The name is composed of a personal name Rie and the name for a clearing site ( -scheid ) or a mountain range. This type of name suggests a fairly early settlement before the turn of the millennium. Other names mentioned in documents are Reisscheidt (1554), Rischet (1606) and Rischeidt (1641).

The earliest recorded mention of Riescheid was as Rystenschede in the chain book ( Liber Catentatus ) of the Essen monastery in 1352. There Riescheid, like the neighboring Leimbacher Hof , is recorded as mansi liberi , that is, free court . The freedom referred to the exemption from official duties, but the courts were still allodes of the monastery at this time and subject to tax.

It is mentioned as Richenschede in the Beyenburger official account (account of the rent master to the Bergisch-Ducal camera administration ) of the year 1466. This shows that the Riescheid residential area was already divided into two smaller courtyards , which belonged to a Heinke (n) to Riescheid and a Schwacke to Riescheid , and a Kotten . Riescheid belonged to the Barmer Markgenossenschaft .

Due to the insufficient sources, it is not proven, but possible, that Riescheid was already one of the "goods in Barmen" (" Bona de Barme ") in the Electorate of Cologne, mentioned as early as 1244 , which Count Ludwig von Ravensberg listed as an allod in the Property of the Counts of Berg passed under Count Heinrich IV . Territorial was the area around Riescheid 1324-1420 in Brandenburg parish and Gogericht District Schwelm and then went to the bergische Office Beyenburg over and became part of peasantry Barmen . In 1641 the size of Rieschid is given as 112 cologne acres .

1715, on the Topographia Ducatus Montani by Erich Philipp Ploennies, a distinction is made between two courtyards o.Richet (Oberriescheid) and u.Richet (Unterriescheid). The two settlement areas are separated by the course of today's Schwartnerstrasse . With the other farms in the Barmen farming community, Riescheid was part of the Bergisches Amt Beyenburg until 1806. Ecclesiastically it belonged to the Schwelm parish until its own parish in Barmer was established in the 17th century.

Until the first third of the 20th century, the two residential areas Oberriescheid and Unterriescheid were independent settlements. First in Unterriescheid, and in the second half of the 20th century also in Oberriescheid, the local situation merged with the growing residential development on Winchenbachstrasse .

literature

• Walter Dietz: Barmen 500 years ago. An examination of the Beyenburger official accounts from 1466 and other sources on the early development of the place Barmen (= contributions to the history and local history of the Wuppertal. Vol. 12, ISSN  0522-6678 ). Born-Verlag, Wuppertal 1966.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Wolfgang Stock: Wuppertal street names. Their origin and meaning. Thales Verlag, Essen-Werden 2002, ISBN 3-88908-481-8 .