Pear oaks

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Pear oaks
City of Wuppertal
Coordinates: 51 ° 15 ′ 31 ″  N , 7 ° 10 ′ 39 ″  E
Height : 175 m above sea level NHN
Pear oaks (Wuppertal)
Pear oaks

Location of Bireneichen in Wuppertal

Bireneichen is a locality in the mountainous city ​​of Wuppertal . The location arose from one of the medieval farms of origin in Barmen called Eckbrock , which was divided into Bireneichen and Unter den Eichen in the 19th century . Today the location is only known as pear oak.

Location and description

Bireneichen is located in the west of the Kothen residential area in the Barmen district of Wuppertal . The original courtyards were located directly on the Auer Bach , but today the dense residential buildings on the street of the same name west of the original settlement area are referred to as pear oaks. In addition, the area of ​​the Kothen schools ( vocational school , Waldorf school and grammar school Am Kothen ) adjoins the location to the west. In the east, across Oberbergische Strasse, lies the Unterbarmer Friedhof .

To the south of the farm, below the Oberbergische Strasse sports field, is the now single house on Böckmannsbusch, which is considered to be one of the oldest stone houses in Wuppertal. According to the monument entry of the city of Wuppertal, the two-storey, elongated quarry stone building dates from the second half of the 18th century. It stands on a high basement and has verschieferte pediments and a gabled roof . The first mention of a house at this point comes from the year 1620. It was called Nonnenklösterle at that time .

Etymology and history

Map of the courts in the area of ​​today's Barmen by Erich Philipp Ploennies (1715)

In the early medieval documents the farm Eckbrock, Eeckbroock, Eckbroick is called "Eichenbruch, Eichen - Sumpf " and finally also Unter den Eichen (1591). The earliest mention of Eckbrock with a certain date comes from the Beyenburger official account (account of the rent master to the Bergisch-Ducal camera administration ) of the year 1466. From this it emerges that the Eckbrock residential area was a Kotten , i.e. a smaller courtyard, at that time .

Before the beginning of the 18th century, the courtyard was divided into two individual courtyards, which were located in the immediate vicinity on opposite sides of the Auer Bach. According to the Topographia Ducatus Montani by Erich Philipp Ploennies , Eckbrock was already divided into two directly adjacent individual farms in 1715 . The western farm was named Bireneichen after its owner Biren or Bieren and has been documented since the beginning of the 18th century. The only place name left today is the pear oak. The eastern courtyard was simply called Eichen or adEich (An den Eichen) at that time .

The Bireneichen farm was located on today's Margaretenstrasse at the corner of Fuchsstrasse , An der Eichen on today's Fuchsstrasse at the corner of Schloßstrasse opposite Villa Dahl . Which of the two courtyards was the original Eckbrock farm must remain undetermined, since it is not clear which was the split-off courtyard and which was the original courtyard.

Due to inadequate source material it is not occupied, but possible that Eckbrock to the mentioned already in 1244 "goods in Barmen" (Bona de Barme) in the Electoral Cologne was one area that by Count Ludwig von Ravensberg as allodium of the counts in the possession von Berg under Count Heinrich IV . Territorially, the area around Eckbrock / Bireneichen was part of Unterbarmen from the late 14th century in the Bergisch Amt of Beyenburg . Ecclesiastically it belonged to the parish of Elberfeld until its own parish in Barmer was established . With the other farms in the Barmen farming community, Eckbrock / Bireneichen were part of the Bergisch Office of Beyenburg until 1806.

The Hofeshaus Unter den Eichen , built in 1649, was closed in May 1968. It was considered to be one of the oldest and most beautiful mountain bleachers' houses and was the ancestral home of the important Carnap family from Barmer .

literature

  • Walter Dietz: Barmen 500 years ago. An examination of the Beyenburger official accounts from 1466 and other sources on the early development of the place Barmen (= contributions to the history and local history of the Wuppertal. Vol. 12, ISSN  0522-6678 ). Born-Verlag, Wuppertal 1966.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry in the Wuppertal monument list
  2. ↑ a b c Wolfgang Stock: Wuppertal street names. Their origin and meaning. Thales Verlag, Essen-Werden 2002, ISBN 3-88908-481-8 .
  3. ↑ Michael Metschies: Endangered - saved - lost, fates of Wuppertal buildings (= contributions to the preservation of monuments and townscapes of the Wuppertal. Vol. 3). With photos by Rolf Löckmann . Born, Wuppertal 1982, ISBN 3-87093-031-4 .