Rock Island Dam
| Rock Island Dam Rock Island Pool |
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| Coordinates | 47 ° 20 '32 " N , 120 ° 5' 41" W | ||||||||
| Data on the structure | |||||||||
| Lock type: | Gravity dam | ||||||||
| Construction time: | 1930-1933 | ||||||||
| Height of the barrier structure : | 41 m | ||||||||
| Crown length: | 1 091 m | ||||||||
| Power plant output: | 624 MW | ||||||||
| Operator: | Chelan County PUD | ||||||||
| Data on the reservoir | |||||||||
| Water surface | 7.3 km² | ||||||||
| Reservoir length | 33 km | ||||||||
| Storage space | 0.014 km³ | ||||||||
| Total storage space : | 0.162 km³ | ||||||||
| Design flood : | 27 184 m³ / s | ||||||||
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The Rock Island Dam is a dam on the Columbia River between Chelan County and Douglas Counties in Washington State , 19 km downstream from Wenatchee and 729 km upstream from the Columbia Estuary at Astoria . The dam has an S-shaped concrete gravity dam with two run-of-river power plants and has dammed the Columbia to the Rock Island Pool since 1933 , which extends 33 km upstream to the Rocky Reach Dam in the north. The reservoir is also fed by the Wenatchee River , a tributary that flows into the Columbia above Wenatchee. Both dams are part of several barrages on Columbia and are operated by the Chelan County Public Utility District (Chelan County PUD) .
The namesake of the dam and the small town rock Iceland on the north bank of the Columbia are the former rapids rock Iceland Rapids , which were flooded with commissioning of the barrage. Only a few rocks in the middle of the river still protrude, on which the masts for the power plant's overhead lines were erected.
history
The Rock Island Dam was built in the first stage of the Puget Sound Power & Light Company (today Puget Sound Energy ) between 1930 and 1933 and was the first barrage on Columbia. The first run-of-river power plant on the north side originally contained only four large water turbines with corresponding generators (1 × 15.0 MW and 3 × 20.7 MW) and was expanded to ten by the later operator Chelan County PUD by 1953 (6 × 22.5 MW ). In addition, a small 1.23 MW unit is installed for emergencies, to supply power to the power plant in the event that all large turbines fail. The second run-of-river power plant was built on the south side between 1974 and 1979 and contains eight water turbines with 51.3 MW each. These are horizontal Kaplan bulb turbines , which were the first turbines of this type installed in the USA in the late 1970s and the largest in the world.
The Austrian plant manufacturer Andritz Hydro has been overhauling the generators of the six water turbines from the 1950s since 2005 . Due to identified cracks in the blades of the four turbines from the 1930s, another order for the renovation was also awarded to Andritz Hydro in 2016; the overhaul of all ten units is scheduled for 2020.
description
The over one kilometer long gravity dam begins on the north side (Douglas County) with a 180 m long section of wall parallel to the river bank, to which the first run-of-river power station of 265 m in the direction of the flood relief connects. This has a total length of 434 m and is divided by the central fish ladder into a straight part in the direction of the first power station with 14 gates and a curved part in the direction of the southern bank with 17 gates. This is followed by the second power plant on the south side (Chelan County) with a length of 143 m. In addition to the central one, two more fish ladders complement the dam wall on the outside.
The height difference between upstream and downstream is around 13 m in normal operation, the flow rate is 500–3000 m³ / s. In the event of a flood , if the flood relief is fully open, more than 27,000 m³ / s can flow away, the level of the underwater would then rise by 10 m and the difference in height to the upper water would be reduced to 4 m.
The Rock Island Dam has a total power plant capacity of 623.73 MW. Around 2,600 GWh of energy are produced annually at a cost of around 2.6 dollar cents per kilowatt hour. The largest buyers are Puget Sound Energy (25%) and Alcoa (26%), which has operated the Wenatchee aluminum smelter not far from the dam in Chelan County since 1953 . At the beginning of 2016, the unprofitable production had to be stopped, but Alcoa is bound to a long-term contract with the Chelan County PUD until 2028 .
See also
- List of the largest dams and reservoirs on earth
- List of the largest hydroelectric plants in the world
- List of dams in the United States
- List of bridges, ferries, barrages, and cable cars across the Columbia River
Web links
- Rock Island Dam. Chelan County Public Utility District (Chelan County PUD).
- Rock Island Major License, Project No. 943. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), Jan. 18, 1989.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Rock Island Major License, Project No. 943. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), Jan. 18, 1989, p. 2.
- ↑ a b c Rock Island Major License, Project No. 943. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), Jan. 18, 1989, p. 29.
- ↑ Rock Island Dam at River Mile 453.4 and Rocky Reach Dam at River Mile 473.7 . Hydroelectric Project Information, Columbia Basin Research. Retrieved September 7, 2017.
- ↑ a b Rock Island Major License, Project No. 943. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), Jan. 18, 1989, p. 26.
- ↑ The City of Rock Island. Douglas County Public Utility District (Douglas County PUD). Retrieved September 7, 2017.
- ↑ Christine Pratt: PUD to stock up for Rock Island Dam rehab. The Wenatchee World, December 1, 2016 (on Waterways Council News). Retrieved September 8, 2017.
- ↑ a b Rock Island Dam. Chelan County Public Utility District (Chelan County PUD). Retrieved September 8, 2017.
- ↑ a b Rock Island - New electromechanical equipment for a run-of-river power plant in the USA. HYDRO News 27, Andritz Hydro, June 2015. Retrieved September 9, 2017.
- ↑ Gary Bégin: Rock Island Dam modernization bid approved: $ 41.8M. Wenatchee Business Journal, March 10, 2017. Retrieved September 9, 2017.
- ↑ River Flows and Water Temperatures - Rock Island Dam Chelan County Public Utility District (Chelan County PUD). Retrieved September 10, 2017.
- ↑ Chelan County Public Utility District No. 1, Washington; Wholesale Electric. RatingsDirect, Standard & Poor’s , May 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2017.
- ↑ Christine Pratt: Alcoa: Good-bye to an old friend? Business World, January 27, 2017. Retrieved September 6, 2017.
In Canada: Mica (Kinbasket Lake) | Revelstoke (Revelstoke Lake) | Hugh Keenleyside (Arrow Lakes)
In the USA: Grand Coulee ( Franklin Delano Roosevelt Lake ) | Chief Joseph ( Rufus Woods Lake ) | Wells ( Lake Pateros ) | Rocky Reach ( Lake Entiat ) | Rock Island ( Rock Island Pool ) | Wanapum (Lake Wanapum) | Priest Rapids (Priest Rapids Lake) | McNary (Lake Wallula) | John Day ( Lake Umatilla ) | The Dalles ( Lake Celilo ) | Bonneville (Lake Bonneville)