Wanapum power plant
| Wanapum power plant | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
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| location | ||
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| Coordinates | 46 ° 52 ′ 31 ″ N , 119 ° 58 ′ 16 ″ W | |
| country |
 United States
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| place | Grant County , Washington | |
| Waters | Columbia River | |
| Height upstream | 174 m | |
| power plant | ||
| owner | Grant County Public Utility District (Grant PUD) | |
| operator | Grant PUD | |
| construction time | 1959 to 1963 | |
| Start of operation | 1963 | |
| technology | ||
| Bottleneck performance | 1,092 megawatts | |
| Average height of fall |
24 m | |
| Expansion flow | 5,323 m³ / s | |
| Turbines | 10 Kaplan turbines | |
| Others | ||
The Wanapum Power Plant ( English Wanapum Dam ) is a run-of-river power plant in Washington State , USA . It is the ninth power plant in the chain of 14 hydropower plants on the Columbia River . The Columbia River forms the border between Grant and Kittitas Counties at this point . The Priest Rapids power station is approximately 29 km (18 miles ) downstream.
Construction work began in July 1959. The power plant went into operation in July 1963. It was established by the Grant County Public Utility District (Grant PUD) and is also operated by the Grant PUD. The construction costs amounted to 93 million USD .
Barrier structure
The barrier structure consists of an embankment dam on the left side of the river, followed by the machine house and the weir system with 12 segment weirs in the middle of the river, as well as another embankment dam on the right bank. The machine house forms a right angle with the left embankment so that it lies parallel to the left bank of the river.
The top of the wall is 175 m (575 ft ) above sea level . The total length of the barrier structure is 2,632 m (8,637 ft); of this, the weir system accounts for 250 m (820 ft). The maximum height of the structure is 56 m (185 ft) above the foundation level .
In February 2014, several cracks were discovered on weir pillar 4. It was also found that the walkway on the weir had shifted a little downstream at this point. The target was then lowered by 8 m (27 ft), reducing the width of the crack. Weir pillar 4 was subsequently stabilized with steel anchors that extend up to 36 m (119 ft) into the underlying rock. In March 2015, the reservoir could be dammed up to the normal storage destination. The total cost was estimated at $ 61 million (this includes lost revenue from decreased power generation).
Reservoir
The Wanapum power plant dams the Columbia River to a reservoir ( English Wanapum Lake ). With the normal storage target of 174 m (571 ft), the reservoir extends over a length of 61 km (38 miles) and an area of around 59.4 km² (14,680 acres). The storage space that can be used to generate electricity is 197.85 million m³ (160,400 acre-feet ).
power plant
The Wanapum power plant has an installed capacity of 1,038 (or 1,092) MW . Annual generation fluctuates: in 2001 it was 3.685 billion kWh and in 2007 it was 5.3 billion kWh. The first machine was put into operation in June 1963, the last in January 1964.
Grant PUD began initial studies in 1993 to replace the turbines and overhaul or replace the generators. The first turbine was replaced in 2002 (or 2004). According to the plan, the last machine is to be renewed in 2020. By replacing the machines, generation is expected to be 3% higher. The total cost is an estimated $ 300 million.
The original Kaplan turbines (with 5 adjustable blades ) had a maximum output of 90 MW with a head of 24 m (80 ft). The maximum output of the new turbines is 112 MW at the same head. The turbines were replaced between 2002 and 2013. The improved turbine design should increase the survival rate of fish to 97%. The rated speed of the turbines is 85.7 / min. The maximum flow rate was 5,040 m³ / s (178,000 cft ) for all old turbines combined; the new turbines should increase it to 5,323 m³ / s (188,000 cft).
The original generators each had an output of 103.8 MVA ; the output of the new generators should be 122 MVA each. The total cost of the renovation is estimated at $ 150 million.
Others
For private customers of Grant PUD, the price per kWh was 4.5 US cents (as of August 2017). SGL Carbon and BMW opened a carbon fiber factory in Moses Lake, Grant County in 2011, investing USD 100 million in it. The price of 2 euro cents per kWh was decisive for the choice of location, as the cost of electricity accounts for the largest share in the energy-intensive production of carbon fibers.
Web links
- Wanapum Dam Spillway Project. MWH Global , accessed on August 24, 2017 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Wanapum Dam. Grant County Public Utility District (Grant PUD), accessed August 24, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c Repairing Spillway Damage at Wanapum Dam. www.hydroworld.com, September 1, 2016, accessed on August 24, 2017 (English).
- ↑ Wanapum Dam Fix Could Cost $ 61 Million. nwnewsnetwork.org, April 22, 2014, accessed August 24, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c d ORDER MODIFYING AND APPROVING AMENDMENT OF LICENSE APPLICATION AND REVISING ANNUAL CHARGES. (PDF, pp. 1–2, 36–37, 43) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission , July 23, 2004, accessed on August 24, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c Wanapum Hydro Power Plant WA USA. Global Energy Observatory, accessed August 24, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c Grant County PUD. (No longer available online.) National Hydropower Association , archived from the original on August 24, 2017 ; accessed on August 24, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Wanapum Dam Turbine and Generator Replacement Project. Grant PUD, accessed August 24, 2017 .
- ↑ a b Wanapum to get $ 150M upgrade. news.fwee.org, January 19, 2009, accessed on August 24, 2017 .
- ^ Grant County PUD Rates, Fees and Policies. Grant PUD, accessed August 24, 2017 .
- ↑ RATE SCHEDULE No. 1 DOMESTIC SERVICE. Grant PUD, accessed August 22, 2017 .
- ^ BMW Group and SGL Group to triple production capacities at Moses Lake carbon fiber plant. BMW , May 9, 2014, accessed October 30, 2016 .
- ↑ Everything on one fiber. Handelsblatt , December 26, 2011, accessed on August 24, 2017 .
- ↑ BMW's risky carbon bet. Wirtschaftswoche , December 1, 2011, accessed on August 22, 2017 .
In Canada: Mica (Kinbasket Lake) | Revelstoke (Revelstoke Lake) | Hugh Keenleyside (Arrow Lakes)
In the USA: Grand Coulee ( Franklin Delano Roosevelt Lake ) | Chief Joseph ( Rufus Woods Lake ) | Wells ( Lake Pateros ) | Rocky Reach ( Lake Entiat ) | Rock Island ( Rock Island Pool ) | Wanapum (Lake Wanapum) | Priest Rapids (Priest Rapids Lake) | McNary (Lake Wallula) | John Day ( Lake Umatilla ) | The Dalles ( Lake Celilo ) | Bonneville (Lake Bonneville)