Rodde (merchant family)

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Family coat of arms

Rodde is the name of a merchant family originally from Münster , who rose through their successful trading house in the Lübeck patriciate , provided councilors and mayors in this city for generations , and became part of the Mecklenburg land nobility in the early 19th century .

history

Olga Rodde, last member of the Rodde family from Lübeck (1889)

The Lübeck saga handed down by Ernst Deecke indicates the origin of the wealth of this merchant family, who immigrated to Lübeck from Westphalia at the end of the 16th century: The merchant Adolf Rodde († 1617), who was born in Münster in 1567, is considered to be the founder of this Lübeck merchant dynasty. The saga traces its wealth back to successful business in the Baltic Sea region of Gotland and in the Baltic States and at the same time indicates the fateful setbacks suffered on this path. Adolf Rodde was elected to the city council in Lübeck in 1612 in the first generation.

The patronage of the family shows the financial strength and entrepreneurial success of this merchant family, which has been a councilor in the Hanseatic city for seven generations, whose wealth and power peaked and abruptly ended after more than 200 years in the French era . The last member of the Rodde family in Lübeck was Olga Rodde (1846–1941), a senior citizen of the St. Johannis Jungfrauenkloster at the beginning of the 20th century .

Bernhard Rodde, a brother of councilor Adolf Rodde, moved from Lübeck to Reval at the beginning of the 17th century and founded the branch of the family there, which provided councilors in Reval for four generations.

The later mayor of Lübeck, Rodde, received an imperial nobility letter in 1801 and was raised to baron in 1806 (? - According to some sources, even 1803). Joachim Matthäus von Rodde auf Zibühl was accepted into the Mecklenburg nobility in 1839.

In the registration book of the Dobbertin monastery there are four entries by daughters of the von Rodde families from Zibühl from 1843 to 1881 for inclusion in the aristocratic women's monastery . No. 1606 Baroness Auguste von Rodde died on February 21, 1933 in Dobbertin Monastery .

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the Barons von Rodde

The family coat of arms shows a greyhound with a red collar in a blue field. In the epitaph of Matthäus Rodde in the Marienkirche († 1677) it had the following form: in the blue shield a jumping black dog with a bone in its mouth and a gold collar with a ring; on the spangenhelm the same dog growing between two buffalo horns. According to Otto Titan von Hefner, the blazon of the baronial coat of arms reads : Coat of arms: Split of silver and red with a blue central shield, inside of which a silver greyhound with one leg [d. H. Bones] in the throat. The front place of the shield is divided by a red bar, a half black eagle coming out of the gap at the top, an oak branch below, two golden rafters at the back. Three helmets: I. the oak branch, II. a growing black double-headed eagle, III. the wind as in the middle shield. - Blankets: I. red, silver, II. Black, green, III. blue, silver.

Possessions

Town houses in Lübeck

The Lübeck townhouses of the Rodde family were in the best locations in town. The Behnhaus was also part of it for a short time. The residence of the last Lübeck mayor from the family was at Breiten Straße 13 . The classicist house with the facade that was wider than Lübeck was later used as a hotel and in the 20th century as the Capitol cinema.

  • Breite Straße 13 (formerly the palace of Mathäus and Dorothea von Rodde)

  • Behnhaus, Königstrasse 11

Country estates in Mecklenburg

  • Jesenitz (1808-1816)
  • Pannekow, today part of Altkalen (1812–1818)
  • Ziebühl, today part of Dreetz (Mecklenburg) (1827 – after 1864)
  • Beidendorf, today part of Bobitz (1886 – after 1911)
  • Neese manor, Ludwigslust district (1913–1945)

Significant members of the family

Lübeck Council Line

  • Matthäus Rodde
    (1598–1677)

  • Mattheus Rodde
    (1681–1761)

  • Mattheus (von) Rodde
    (1754-1825)

  • Dorothea von Rodde
    (1770-1825)

  • Hermann Rodde (1666–1724; from a younger line), councilor from the merchant company, 1717 mayor. Founder of the baroque Jacobial Tar.
  • Johann Rodde (1692–1720), German lawyer and council secretary of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck

Lübeck merchants

Narva

  • Kaspar Matthias Rodde (1689–1743), Lutheran clergyman

Revaler merchants and councilors

  • Bernhard (Berend) Rodde
  • Johan (n) Joachim Rodde (1675–1743), 1726 councilor in Reval
  • Jacob Rodde (1725–1789), translator for the Riga magistrate
  • Diedrich Rodde (1731–1800), 1783 councilor, 1787–1800 mayor of Reval
  • Diedrich Rodde, 1812 Consul of the United States in the Baltic Governments

Civil servants, the military and landowners in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania

  • Franz Kuno Baron von Rodde (1815–1860), officer of the Leib-Guard-Hussars, major and commander of the Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment
  • August (Franz) Freiherr von Rodde (1847–1927), Mecklenburg-Schwerin adjutant and dragoon officer, major general and military historian
  • Otto Freiherr von Rodde (1844–1908), dragoon officer and head stable master, then chamberlain and director of the Bad Doberan seaside resort
  • Cuno (Friedrich) Freiherr von Rodde (1857–1927), forester and genealogist
  • Joachim Freiherr von Rodde (* 1883), dragoon officer and Mecklenburg-Schwerin adjutant
  • Franz-Joachim Freiherr von Rodde (1922–2011), major general in the Bundeswehr
  • Wolf-Joachim Bernhard Freiherr von Rodde (* 1948), business graduate / entrepreneur
  • Dominik Marcus Freiherr von Rodde (* 1980), business graduate

Funerals

Family funeral of Rodde in Tarnow (Mecklenburg)

In 1693, Margarethe Rodde, the widow of the merchant Adolf Rodde, acquired from her co-heirs, as a descendant of Christian Northoff, the westernmost side chapel in the north aisle of the Marienkirche in Lübeck , which became the burial place of the younger branch of the family. The chapel portal later framed the epitaph for the mayor Franz Bernhard Rodde. The monument, made in Empire style , consisted of a stepped wooden structure crowned by an altar, in front of which the bust painted on copper by Johann Jacob Tischbein was placed between a mourning and a believing female marble figure looking up to heaven . Below that, a long, narrow inscription plaque was set separately in the marble wall cladding, while the small coat of arms adorned the portal arch. Like the other rich epitaphs of the family , it was burned in the Marienkirche during the air raid on Lübeck on March 29, 1942 . The grave slabs, some of which are made of brass, are also not preserved.

The hereditary burial of the Mecklenburg line in the cemetery of the village church in Tarnow has been preserved .

Foundations

Baroque altar from 1717 in Jakobi

The altar donated by Hermann Rodde to the Jakobikirche in 1717 from the workshop of Hieronymus Hassenberg is clearly based on the largest post-Reformation foundation in Lübeck, the altar of Thomas Fredenhagen , the driver of Spain, for the Marienkirche in Lübeck by Thomas Quellinus . As with Quellinus, the bust of the donor can be found under an allong wig on the left of the altar. While the larger Quellinus Altar was not put up again after 1945 and can therefore only be seen in scattered fragments today, the Hassenberg Altar gives an idea of ​​the wealth of the Hanseatic merchants even after the end of the Hanseatic League .

Estates and collections

The genealogical collection created by Cuno Freiherr von Rodde and the family estate of August Friedrich von Rodde are in the Schwerin State Main Archives .

literature

  • Emil Ferdinand Fehling : Lübeck Council Line . Lübeck 1925
  • Gustav von Lehsten: The nobility of Mecklenburg since the constitutional hereditary comparisons (1775) 1864, p. 219 ff. ( Google books )
  • Gustav Schaumann , Friedrich Bruns (editor): The architectural and art monuments of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Edited by the building deputation. Volume II, Part 2: The Marienkirche. Nöhring, Lübeck 1906.

Web links

Commons : Rodde family  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: The Rodden (Lübische Sage)  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Fehling: Council line No. 736
  2. ↑ Description in: Gustav von Lehsten: The nobility of Mecklenburg since the constitutional hereditary comparisons (1775) 1864, p. 219
  3. ↑ BuK II, p. 364
  4. ↑ Otto Titan von Hefner: The coat of arms of the Mecklenburg nobility. J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms ... reissued. Volume III / 6 Nuremberg 1856, p. 17; Fig.Table 15
  5. ↑ Fehling: Council line No. 822
  6. ↑ Fehling: Council line no. 912; Jacob von Melle: Melle, Jacob von: From von Melle message from Lübeck, 1787, life description of the Senator Matth. Rodde 1783, and life description of the consul Joachim Peters 1788. und D., approx. 1792
  7. ↑ Fehling: Council Line No. 836
  8. ↑ Fehling: Council line No. 863
  9. ↑ Fehling: Council line No. 899
  10. ↑ BuK II, p. 164
  11. ↑ Unspecified by the author: The oddities of the Marien Church in Lübeck , Lübeck 1823, p. 17 ( Google Books ), BuK II, p. 381
  12. ↑ State Main Archive Schwerin: The holdings of the State Main Archive Schwerin; Vol. 3: Non-governmental archival material and collections. Schwerin: State Main Archives 2005, ISBN 3-9809707-0-1 , pp. 285 and 321