Rosary Basilica (Lima)
The Rosary Basilica ( Spanish Basilica Nuestra Señora del Rosario ) or Dominican Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Plaza de la Vera Cruz in Lima , the capital of Peru . The monastery church of the Dominicans is under the patronage of Lady of Our the Rosary of the Blessed Virgin Mary consecrated. The church of the Archdiocese of Lima has the title of a minor basilica . The basilica, together with the monastery, is a national cultural heritage site and, as part of the historic center of Lima, is a UNESCO world heritage site .
history
The construction of the Dominican monastery began as the other religious houses with the city was founded Lima in 1542. Already in 1551 which was in the monastery Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos as the first American of Emperor Charles V confirmed. Construction of the church began under Provincial Pastor Tomás de San Martín and was completed in 1578 under Pastor Sebastián de Ayllón. This church was completely destroyed by the 1678 earthquake. A new church was built by Dominican architect Diego Maroto . The church was rebuilt from the transept to the choir, the arches of which were redesigned and the number of windows increased. The materials used for construction included clay, brick and rubble stone. Quincha walls were partly built from reeds and clay to reduce weight and make the structure more flexible when exposed to earthquake loads.
After the earthquakes of 1687 and 1746, further modifications were necessary, such as the new construction of the tower and the main portal. The restoration work took place in the style of the respective time, which led to this mixture of different styles on a building, which is typical for Lima. The constructions became lower and simpler in order to give the building the necessary stability. At the same time, this gave the church simplicity and uniformity. The church was founded in 1929 by Pope Pius XI. raised to the rank of a minor basilica. After the earthquake ten years later, the church had to be restored again, whereby the present appearance was created, only on the lower level of the tower can be seen as cladding the original bossing .
Bell tower
The first three-story Baroque bell tower of the church was designed by Diego Maroto along with the church in the second half of the 17th century and destroyed during the earthquake of October 28, 1746.
The current bell tower was designed in 1766 by Viceroy Manuel d'Amat i de Junyent in Rococo style. With its 46 meters height and pink color, it characterizes the entrance area. It is divided into an octagonal basement and two upper floors with small balconies. Above is the sculpture of a trumpeter depicting the angel pronouncing the final judgment.
inner space
After the narthex of the entrance area, the main nave of the three-aisled cruciform church opens up . In addition to the main nave with a ribbed vault, it has two aisles made up of interconnected chapels. The transept and the choir extend from the crossing dome . Its choir stalls are made of cedar wood from Nicaragua, designed among others by Juan Martínez de Arrona (1562–1635) in the Renaissance style with Mannerist elements; it is considered the oldest in the country. The altar is in the classical style and designed in turquoise and gold.
The main side altar is in the right transept and is dedicated to three Peruvian saints. In the classical style it shows the image of Rosa von Lima in the middle , on the left side Martin von Porres is depicted, on the right side Johannes Macias . At the bottom of these images are relics of the saints. In the lower area of the altar is a sculpture of Rosa von Lima, which was commissioned by Pope Clement IX in 1669 . was made by the Maltese artist Melchiorre Cafà .
The altarpiece in the left transept shows Our Lady of the Rosary as the patroness of Lima, to whom the church is consecrated. It was especially venerated by Rosa von Lima and Martin von Porres, among others, and was solemnly crowned in 1927 . Other side altars are dedicated to the Holy Hyacinth of Poland , Joseph of Nazareth , Dominic as the founder of the order and the Sacred Heart . Your pictures are neo-Gothic .
A chapel was built on the site of the cell of St. Martin von Porres, which was destroyed by an earthquake in 1746, in which his altar portrait is venerated, with statues of Dominic and Francis of Assisi on its sides , above is an image of the Virgin of the Rosary. His bedroom is in the back of the chapel.
Web links
- Santo Domingo Monastery website (Spanish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Basílica Nuestra Señora de la Merced on gcatholic.org
- ↑ Relación de Monumentos Históricos del Perú. Centro Nacional de Información Cultural, December 1999, accessed September 1, 2019 (Spanish).
- ↑ Historic Center of Lima on the website of the UNESCO World Heritage Center ( English and French ).
- ↑ Lima's Dominican Monastery: Basílica y convento de Santo Domingo
- ↑ a b c Description of the basilica (Spanish)
Coordinates: 12 ° 2 ′ 38.7 ″ S , 77 ° 1 ′ 54.9 ″ W.