Sprengel blackberry
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Sprengel blackberry ( Rubus sprengelii ) |
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The Sprengel blackberry ( Rubus sprengelii ), also known as Sprengler's blackberry , is a species of blackberry ( Rubus ) within the rose family (Rosaceae).
description
Vegetative characteristics
The Sprengel blackberry is a summer and winter green glow shrub with arching up creeping shoot. A size (length) of 2.5 to 4 (3 to 5) meters is achieved. The sapling is arching to creeping and has each 5 centimeters between 8 and 15, rarely 20 5 to 6 millimeters long, sickle-shaped spines.
The alternate leaves are arranged in a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaf blade is usually three to five-foot-shaped. The underside of the leaf is green and has little or no hairy hair. The terminal leaflet is narrow and obovate and the edge is serrated 2 to 3 millimeters deep.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period extends from June to August. The panicles inflorescence is bulky, and dünnästig krummstachelig. The flower stalk is 15 to 25 millimeters long.
The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The protruding calyx is somewhat spiky and hairy. The five free petals are clearly pink. After anthesis , the petals remain in the dried state almost until the fruit is ripe. The many stamens are slightly shorter than the pen . The anthers are bare. The many ovaries are hairy.
An aggregate stone fruit is formed.
ecology
The pollination is done by insects. Fruits develop after fertilization or through apomixis . The diaspores are spread by birds ( endochory ) or humans.
Occurrence and endangerment
The distribution area is in temperate areas of Europe.
In Germany, the Sprengel blackberry is common in eastern Lower Saxony , central to south-eastern Schleswig-Holstein , widespread in western Rhineland-Palatinate , North Rhine-Westphalia , northern Saxony-Anhalt , western Lower Saxony and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . There are scattered occurrences in western Rhineland-Palatinate, Saxony ( Erzgebirge ), central Saxony-Anhalt, northern Brandenburg , Lower Saxony (southeast, mountainous region) and other parts of Schleswig-Holstein. Rubus sprengelii is rarely found in Hessen, parts of Bavaria (northwest, Nuremberg) and Thuringia .
Locations can be found in hedges and bushes, sunny forest clearings, on forest edges and paths, but also outside the forest. The Sprengel blackberry thrives best on moderately moist (not wet, not regularly drying out), moderately nutrient-rich and lime-free soils . Rubus sprengelii is an acid pointer, but can occasionally occur on neutral soils. There are only low lighting requirements; the Sprengel blackberry tolerates both full light and 30% relative illuminance when the forest is full of foliage.
According to the Red List of Endangered Plant Species in Germany 1996, the Sprengel blackberry is “not considered endangered”. According to the Federal Species Protection Ordinance (BArtSchV) in Germany, it is “not particularly protected”.
Taxonomy
The first description of Rubus sprengelii was in 1819 by Carl Ernst August Weihe in Flora , 2, page 18. The specific epithet sprengelii honors the German doctor and botanist Kurt Sprengel (1766 - 1833). Synonyms for Rubus sprengelii Weihe are: Rubus fruticosus subsp. sprengelii (Weihe) Syme , Rubus atlanticus E.HLKrause non Pomel .
swell
literature
- Eckehart J. Jäger (ed.): Excursion flora from Germany. Vascular plants: baseline. Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Rubus sprengelii Weihe, Sprengel blackberry. In: FloraWeb.de.
- ↑ a b c A. Kurtto (Ed.): Rosaceae. : A. Kurtto, HE Weber, 2009: Rubus. Datasheet Rubus sprengelii - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Eckehart J. Jäger (Ed.): Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Vascular plants: baseline. Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
- ↑ Michael Hassler, Bernd Schmitt: data sheet with photo at Flora von Deutschland - a picture database , version 5.20, 2019.
- ↑ Günther Blaich: data sheet with photos.
Web links
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Sprengel blackberry . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.