Southeast link
 
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Converter locations of the line |
The Südostlink (spelling SuedOstLink), formerly also known as the South-East Direct Current Passage , South-East Power Line or Corridor D , describes a high-voltage direct current transmission line (HVDC) applied for by the transmission system operators 50Hertz Transmission and Tennet TSO . It was explained in the 2012 network development plan and enshrined in law as the Wolmirstedt – Isar high-voltage line (project no. 5) within the framework of the Federal Requirements Plan Act.
The Southeast Link can linguistically with the Suedlink be confused. Both of the planned “electricity highways” are considered to be a central component of the energy transition .
history
The necessity of the power line was explained in the network development plan 2012 and anchored in law in 2013 as part of the federal requirements plan (project no. 5). When the first plans with the starting point Bad Lauchstädt and ending point Meitingen became known in 2014, violent protests arose in the affected communities. If the Bavarian state government had approved the requirement plan in the Federal Council in mid-2013, the Bavarian Prime Minister, Horst Seehofer , raised an objection and described the route as "not necessary".
In November 2014, the network operators presented a network development plan that had been revised due to the reform of the Renewable Energy Sources Act , which, as originally, provided for the construction of the south-east link route. As a result of the ongoing protests, the starting point was moved further north to Wolmirstedt and the end point to Gundremmingen , in order to feed the electricity into the existing infrastructure of the Gundremmingen nuclear power plant, which will go offline in 2021 . In February 2015, Ilse Aigner (CSU), Minister of Economic Affairs of the State of Bavaria, launched the formula “two minus x” or the thesis that at least one of the two controversial “ electricity highways ” to Bavaria - the other is the so-called south link - is unnecessary. For this, however, the construction of further gas-fired power plants in Bavaria was considered necessary, but this was not considered feasible for economic reasons, because the existing gas-fired power plant in Irsching an der Donau did not feed in any electricity in 2014.
At the coalition summit in summer 2015, the Bavarian Prime Minister gave up his resistance to a south-east link. The route was adjusted again for this. The Isar network node near Landshut has now been named as the end point of the south-east direct current route from Saxony-Anhalt to Bavaria.
On December 4, 2015, the Bundestag passed the law amending the provisions of the law on power line construction , which the Federal Council approved on December 18, 2015. Among other things, priority was given to underground cables for the HVDC lines.
requirement
The needs assessment for network expansion takes place according to the 2011 adopted Grid Expansion Acceleration Act transmission network (NABEG) in five steps:
- Determination of the scenario framework (change of generation and demand structures)
- Creation of the network development plan (necessary adaptation of the networks)
- Adoption of the federal requirement plan (legal framework).
planning
The actual planning network expansion is carried out in accordance with the 2011 adopted Grid Expansion Acceleration Act transmission network (NABEG) in two steps:
- Federal technical planning (definition of the route corridors)
- Plan approval procedure (definition of the route / transmission technology).
Federal planning
The federal sectoral planning provides for the creation of a spatial compatibility study (RVS) and the implementation of a strategic environmental assessment (SUP) as essential components. As a first step, the Federal Network Agency organizes one or more public application conferences as part of the federal technical planning, depending on the needs or complexity of the project. The Federal Network Agency is expected to make a final decision on the 1000-meter-wide course of the corridor at the end of 2020/21 after completion of the federal technical planning.
Route corridors
High-voltage direct current transmission lines are primarily used for the point-to-point transmission of large powers over long distances, since the power flows are difficult to control in meshed direct current networks.
For the execution as underground cable , the route planning by Tennet and 50Hertz was resumed in 2016. In contrast to overhead lines , a "straight line as possible" is expressly specified for underground cables. There are also other restrictions on overhead lines (including the nature of the subsoil, topography of the terrain, river crossings). For the planning, the network operators divided the search area into squares with an edge length of 25 × 25 meters and included each square for around 60 parameters (e.g. settlement areas, traffic routes, nature conservation, mineral resources, old mining, river crossings, etc., as well as the distance from the specified linear distance) rated one of 4 grades 1 to 4. A classification according to suitability or spatial resistance was made and a map with the best possible areas was created from the most suitable squares. Area-wide protected areas were usually bypassed, linear protected areas z. B. Rivers must be crossed at a suitable point.
On September 28, 2016, Tennet and 50Hertz presented the public with 1000 meter wide suggested route corridors and discussed them in so-called information markets in locations along the route. The public participation resulted in some changes in the route.
The submission of an application for specialist planning in accordance with Section 6 of the Network Expansion Acceleration Act for the Transmission Network (NABEG) is made for the Südostlink in consultation with the Federal Network Agency in four stages in order to avoid an acceptance backlog . The application sections are not precisely defined by the state borders, but rather begin / end at the near end points of route corridor segments.
- Section A: Wolmirstedt substation to the border between Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia (50Hertz)
- Section B: Thuringia (50Hertz)
- Section C: Thuringia – Bavaria border to Schwandorf (TenneT)
- Section D: Schwandorf to UW Isar (TenneT)
Applications are submitted and processed in the order A - C - B - D.
On March 8, 2017, 50Hertz submitted the application for federal technical planning for Section A. The application documents include the preferred road corridor and the alternatives that are seriously considered. All 105 route segments are already included in the application.
The application conferences for the route corridors of the Südostlink have taken place
- on May 3rd, 2017 in Magdeburg (Section A)
- on May 8th, 2017 in Halle (Saale) (Section A)
- on June 13th, 2017 in Gera (Section B)
- on May 17, 2017 and May 18, 2017 in Weiden in the Upper Palatinate (Section C)
- on May 31, 2017 and June 1, 2017 in Hof (Section C)
- End of June in Regensburg (Section D).
On August 7, 2017, the Federal Network Agency published the scope of investigation for Section A, taking into account information provided in writing and at the application conferences. In the framework of the investigation, specifications are made for the documents according to § 8 NABEG, which are to be created by the TSO. For section A, among other things, the examination of the possibility of an overhead line is specified for the northern part of the south-east link. This complies with the relevant test requests from the Börde district and the Salzlandkreis as well as the cities and communities of Wolmirstedt, Niedere Börde, Barleben, Hohe Börde, Wanzleben-Börde, Sülzetal, Bördeland, Barby, Staßfurt, Nienburg (Saale), Saale-Wipper, Ilberstedt, Güsten , Plötzkau, Alsleben (Saale), Gerbstedt and the Mansfelder Land lake area.
Converter locations
At the connection point to the 380 kV network of 50Hertz, the following possible converter locations are named in the application:
- Location 1: Wolmirstedt substation
- Location 2: west of Wolmirstedt
- Location 3: northeast of Samswegen
- Location 4: north of Meitzendorf
- Location 5: south of Meitzendorf
Location 1 is preferred, due to the availability of space at the existing Wolmirstedt substation, the saving of an additional 380 kV overhead line and the connection to the railroad.
At the connection point to the Tennet 380 kV grid, the following possible converter locations are specified in the application:
- Location 1: east of Reichersdorf
- Location 2: east of the Isar nuclear power plant,
- Location 3: northeast of the Isar nuclear power plant,
- Location 4: northwest of the Isar nuclear power plant
- Location 5: Am Steinberg - eastern Unterwattenbach
- Location 6: west of Unterwattenbach
In an overarching consideration of the technical, environmental and spatial planning criteria, locations 2, 3 and 4 are favored because of the high anthropogenic pollution and a minimization of the new connection lines to be built. Location 5 is rated particularly positively from an environmental and spatial planning point of view, but is not favored due to the great distance and the long, new overhead line connection to be built. Nevertheless, like locations 2, 3 and 4, it will be followed up and examined in more detail in the following procedure.
Plan approval procedure
The project is currently in federal planning. Once this has been completed, the network operator can apply for the plan approval procedure, within the framework of which the exact routes and the transmission technology to be used are bindingly determined. To this end, the Federal Network Agency is holding an application conference with the bodies responsible for public affairs as well as associations and federations.
Construction and commissioning
In March 2017, the year 2025 was targeted for commissioning . TenneT and 50Hertz have in May 2020 the two manufacturers NKT and Prysmian a contract for the supply and installation of approximately 1,000 km underground cable (a system of two Polkabeln of 500 km, plastic-insulated 525 kV) including the connecting sleeves and terminations commissioned. The laying of empty pipes for a possible further system of the same output (additional 2 GW) is planned.
Technical specifications
The following technical data are currently planned:
- Output: 2 GW
- Voltage: ± 525 kV
Initially, two variants were considered: One with ± 525 kV (preferred variant) and one with ± 320 kV (depending on cable availability) -
Converter type : VSC - Voltage Source Converter, in the "Rigid Bipol" design with one-sided earthing of the DC voltage
circuit, with a symmetrical voltage level of the plus and minus cables with respect to earth, without a metallic return wire. Originally a circuit with a metallic return wire was planned. - Length: approx. 523 km
(Saxony-Anhalt: 191.2 km, Thuringia: 82.8 km, Bavaria: 260.3 km), kilometer data for the sum of the suggested road corridor segments mentioned in the application. - Type of power transmission: direct current
criticism
Around 1,000 objections were raised to the plans for the Süd-Ost-Link, which were discussed in October 2019 at an appointment in Regenstauf .
Overhead line
In allusion to the large electricity pylons , the terms “monster route” to “murder route” were occasionally used for the originally planned overhead line. Citizens' movements have formed in many regions along the planned route . The former Bavarian Prime Minister Horst Seehofer expressed understanding for the resistance.
Project / planning
It is criticized that the statement that the route is used to transport the wind power produced in northeast Germany to southern Germany is not true, since it is about the transit of electricity for electricity generated in Germany as well as electricity coming from abroad to be sent to other countries to distribute. In this context, the German Solar Energy Association also refers to the issue of security of supply in extreme weather conditions or attacks on the supply network and prefers decentralized solutions here.
Environmental aspects
On the part of the citizens' movements, environmental damage and an impairment of the landscape are feared. In Eastern Bavaria in particular, it is assumed that the routes were used to transport coal-fired electricity and were therefore not conducive to the energy transition. The latter is also supported by the Solarenergie-Förderverein Deutschland e. V. (SFV) criticized. This thesis is supported by a study by the German Institute for Economic Research , which predicts an increase in lignite electricity in this network area in a model calculation for 2025 in the case of an HVDC line (high-voltage direct current transmission) "South-East Passage". Furthermore, a study by the economist Lorenz Jarass comes to the conclusion: “According to the network development plan, East and West German lignite power plants are to serve as replacements for 13 South German nuclear power plants in 2024. For this purpose, strong new transmission lines are planned to the southern German nuclear power plant locations ”.
Soil influence
The laying of the south-east link as an underground cable is viewed critically by farmers and farmers. The earth excavation during the construction of the cable trenches is feared to change the structure of the soil; the warming of the soil due to the heat loss from the cable could lead to the soil drying out. In order to protect the interests of agriculture, the Salzlandkreis and Bördekreis and the local authorities there submitted applications to examine an overhead line exemption at the application conference on May 3, 2017. At the application conference on May 8th, the municipalities of Gerbstedt and Seegebiet Mansfelder Land also submitted such an application. 50Hertz will also examine the possibility of an overhead line for these areas. If the test is successful, the southeast link could be built there as an overhead line, possibly as a hybrid line on the route of an overhead line already existing between Wolmirstedt and Förderstedt . For this 52-kilometer section, according to the figures given in the press, savings of around 240 million euros would result. However, the examination of an overhead line exception is not based on cost aspects.
costs
Citizens' movements feared rising electricity costs and falling property values along the route because of the construction of the overhead line. With the construction of the underground lines, the feared effects on property prices no longer exist. However, the network operators are assuming significantly higher construction costs. Compared to an overhead line, costs are estimated to be around five to six times higher.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Landshuter Zeitung: The Süd-Ost-Link takes its course , March 15, 2017
- ↑ a b c Spiegel online: Seehofer and the energy transition: Bavaria's fear of the monster route. Retrieved March 5, 2015 .
- ↑ Welt.de: Lines to Bavaria remain. Retrieved February 19, 2015 .
- ↑ Spiegel online: Controversial power line: Network operators want to significantly extend the mega route. Retrieved February 19, 2015 .
- ↑ Augsburger Allgemeine: Mega-Stromtrasse: Instead of Meitingen, Gundremmingen should be the target. Retrieved February 19, 2015 .
- ↑ Focus online: New draft: Power lines are to be built here. Retrieved February 19, 2015 .
- ↑ Süddeutsche Zeitung: With thanks back to the boss , February 2, 2015, online at www.sueddeutsche.de, accessed on March 19, 2017.
- ↑ Süddeutsche Zeitung: Why the most modern gas-fired power plant in the country does not produce electricity , March 6, 2015, online at www.sueddeutsche.de, accessed on April 24, 2016.
- ↑ Legal resolution of the German Bundestag: Act amending provisions of the law on power line construction pdf, 315 kB
- ↑ Federal Council printed matter No. 595/15 , pdf, 77 kB
- ↑ a b Federal Network Agency: The process - network expansion in five steps , online at www.netzausbau.de, accessed on October 27, 2019.
- ↑ Federal Network Agency: Federal technical planning or regional planning procedure? , online at www.netzausbau.de, accessed on October 27, 2019.
- ↑ Route corridors in the 50Hertz network area pdf, 26 MB
- ↑ Route corridors in the Tennet network area pdf, 16 MB
- ↑ Network Expansion Acceleration Act, Transmission Network (NABEG), Section 6 Application for federal technical planning
- ↑ Documents for the application for federal sector planning
- ↑ Research framework for section A of the Südostlink , pdf, 673 kB
- ↑ Federal Network Agency: Determining the exact line routes in the plan approval , online at www.netzausbau.de, accessed on October 27, 2019.
- ↑ SuedOstLink: Award of plastic-insulated underground cables for 525 kilovolts for the first time. 50Hertz, press release, May 5, 2020, accessed on May 11, 2020 .
- ↑ Alexander Schmid: It comes twice as thick - citizens protest. Wochenblatt Verlagsgruppe , February 5, 2020, accessed on May 12, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c Project profile for the southeast link on netzausbau.de. Federal Network Agency, May 11, 2020, accessed on May 11, 2020 .
- ↑ Technical project description - Section A / EK. Arge Südostlink, April 30, 2019, accessed on May 11, 2020 .
- ↑ Landshuter Zeitung: Statements partly overtaken by events, October 19, 2019.
- ↑ Bayerischer Rundfunk: Demo against power line: "Hands off the Kesseltal" , January 25, 2015 ( Memento from December 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b EnergieZukunft: The lie of wind power for the south. Retrieved February 16, 2016 .
- ↑ sueddeutsche.de January 7, 2014: Seehofer stops Aigner
- ↑ sueddeutsche.de March 6, 2015: Why the most modern gas power plant in the country does not produce electricity
- ↑ DIW: Perspectives for a safe, inexpensive and environmentally friendly energy supply in Bavaria. (PDF) Retrieved February 19, 2016 .
- ↑ German Solar Association: long-distance transmission routes or storage expansion. Retrieved February 19, 2016 .
- ↑ Free voters: HVDC lines to Bavaria. Necessity and alternatives. (PDF) Retrieved February 19, 2016 .
- ↑ a b Solarenergie-Förderverein Deutschland e. V .: Long- distance transmission routes or storage expansion - slide presentation , online at www.sfv.de, accessed on March 19, 2017.
- ^ Robert Mieth, Clemens Gerbaulet, Christian von Hirschhausen, Claudia Kemfert, Friedrich Kunz and Richard Weinhold; Perspectives for a secure, inexpensive and environmentally friendly energy supply in Bavaria , political advice compact number 97; German Institute for Economic Research, PDF, online at diw.de, accessed on March 19, 2017.
- ↑ Lorenz Jarass: HVDC lines to Bavaria - Necessity and alternatives , Research Association for Alternative Technologies and Economic Analyzes mbH, September 18, 2015, PDF, online at fw-landtag.de, accessed on March 19, 2017.
- ↑ Jens Tartler: Hamsters on the river highway. In: Tagesspiegel, May 5, 2017, accessed on May 9, 2017
- ^ Volksstimme, Dominik Bath: Long leadership through Saxony-Anhalt. March 9, 2017. Retrieved April 6, 2017 .