Velvet-bellied hummingbird

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Velvet-bellied hummingbird
Velvet-bellied hummingbird (Lafresnaya lafresnayi) ♂

Velvet-bellied hummingbird ( Lafresnaya lafresnayi ) ♂

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Genre : Lafresnaya
Type : Velvet-bellied hummingbird
Scientific name of the  genus
Lafresnaya
Bonaparte , 1850
Scientific name of the  species
Lafresnaya lafresnayi
( Boissonneau , 1840)

The velvet-bellied hummingbird ( Lafresnaya lafresnayi ) or sometimes thread- winged hummingbird is a species of bird from the hummingbird family (Trochilidae). The species has a large range that covers about 310,000 square kilometers in the South American countries of Colombia , Ecuador , Peru, and Venezuela . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

The velvet-bellied hummingbird reaches a body length of about 11 to 12 cm. The long, slender, curved beak becomes approx. 22 to 25 mm long. Both sexes have a white fanned tail with a green control feather in the middle . The upper part of the male is shimmering green. Throat, chest and sides glitter green. A black spot adorns the middle of the chest to the belly. The female also has a green shimmering top. The neck and chest are dotted green. Towards the belly, the color changes to gray-white.

Habitat

The bird can often be seen in damp mountain forests or near damp bushes and low secondary scrub. It moves at altitudes between 1500 and 3000 meters. In Peru it is found on the eastern slopes of the Andes . In Colombia he is at home in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta .

behavior

The males are constantly moving in a certain territory . The females regularly fly to certain forage plants. Both prefer low-lying flowers with a long corolla that matches the shape of the long, sheltered beak. Their crown is often noticeably covered with pollen dust. The breeding season in the mountains of Santa Marta is in May, in the western Andes the hummingbird breeds in September.

Vocalizations

Her call consists of a series of high- pitched whirring sounds and a weak high- pitched pseew . Occasionally it sounds like a faint rattle.

Subspecies

Distribution area of ​​the velvet-bellied hummingbird

Six subspecies are recognized.

The subspecies Lafresnaya lafresnayi orestes ( Zimmer, JT , 1951) and Lafresnaya lafresnayi tamae ( Phelps & Aveledo , 1987) are usually considered invalid taxons . Ssp. oresta is probably identical with rectirostris , while tamae is the ssp. lafresnayi corresponds.

The subspecies liriope is found in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in northeast Colombia. The subspecies greenewalti is native to western Venezuela. This includes the area to the north of Táchira , Mérida and the south of Trujillo . In the extreme west of Venezuela near Páramo de Tamá , in the south of Táchira and in the east and central Andes of Colombia, you can find the ssp. watch lafresnayi . In the Andes of southwest Colombia, Ecuador and northern Peru, the ssp. saul present. Finally, the subspecies rectirostris can be found in northern and central Peru.

Etymology and history of research

Auguste Boissonneau first described the hummingbird under the name Trochilus La Fresnayi . He dedicated the scientific taxon to Baron Frédéric de Lafresnaye for his numerous services in the sense of ornithology . It was only later that Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte suggested it in his monumental work Conspectus generum avium of the new genus Lafresnaya , whose name was also used to honor the baron. The name greenewalti in the subspecies is a recognition of the hummingbird photographer and friend of the authors Crawford Hallock Greenewalt (1902-1993). The word liriope goes back to the Boeotian nymph named Leiriope . The subspecies saul takes its name from the English conchologist Jane Saul (1807–1895) from Limehouse . The word "rectirostris" is derived from the Latin word "rectus" for "straight" and "rostrum" for "the beak". After all, "longirostris" is a combination of the Latin words "longus" for "long" and also "rostrum" for "the beak".

literature

  • Steven Leon Hilty , William Leroy Brown : A guide to the birds of Colombia . Princeton University Press, Princeton 1986, ISBN 978-0-691-08372-8 .
  • Thomas Scott Schulenberg, Douglas Forrester Stotz, Daniel Franklin Lane, John Patton O'Neill, Theodore Albert Parker III: Birds of Peru . Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 2007, ISBN 978-0-7136-8673-9 .
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Karl-Ludwig Schuchmann , André-Alexander Weller , Eike Wulfmeyer: Biogeography and taxonomy of Lafresnaya (Trochilidae), with a new subspecies from Colombia . In: Ornitologia Neotropical . tape 14 , 2003, p. 157–171 ( online (PDF; 578 kB) [accessed April 6, 2013]).
  • Auguste Boissonneau: Oiseaux nouveaux ou peu connus de Santa-Fé de Bogota . In: Revue Zoologique par La Société Cuvierienne . tape 3 , 1840, p. 2-8 ( online [accessed April 6, 2013]).
  • Adolphe Delattre , Jules Bourcier: Description de quinze espèce nouvelle de Trochilidée, faisant partie de collections rapportées par M. Ad. De Lattre dont le précédentes excursions ont déjà enrichi plusieurs branches de L'histoire naturelle, et provenant de L'intérieur de Pérou, des républiques de l'Équateur, de la Nouvelle-Grenade et de l'isthme de Panama . In: Revue Zoologique par La Société Cuvierienne . tape 9 , 1846, pp. 305-312 ( online [accessed April 6, 2013]).
  • Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte: Conspectus generum avium . EJ Brill, Leiden 1850 ( online [accessed April 6, 2013]).
  • William Henry Phelps, William Henry Phelps, Jr .: Notes on Veenezuelan birds and description of a new subspecies of Trochilidae . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 74 , 1961, pp. 3–6 ( online [accessed April 6, 2013]).
  • Outram Bangs: A new humming bird from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 23 , 1910, pp. 105-106 ( online [accessed May 7, 2014]).
  • Hans Hermann Carl Ludwig von Berlepsch, Jan Sztolcman: On the Ornithological Researches of Jean Kalinowski in Central Peru . In: Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of London . tape 2 , no. 1 , 1902, pp. 18–60 ( online [accessed May 7, 2014]).

Web links

Commons : Velvet-bellied Hummingbird ( Lafresnaya lafresnayi )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Steven Leon Hilty u. a., p. 281
  2. ↑ Thomas Scott Schulenberg u. a., p. 238
  3. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  4. ↑ a b William Henry Phelps u. a., p. 3
  5. ↑ a b Auguste Boissonneau, p. 8
  6. ^ Outram Bangs, p. 105
  7. ^ Hans Hermann Carl Ludwig von Berlepsch a. a., p. 24
  8. ↑ Adolphe Delattre et al. a., p. 309
  9. ↑ Karl-Ludwig Schuchmann u. a., p. 160
  10. ^ Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, p. 88
  11. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 228
  12. ↑ Adolphe Delattre et al. a., p. 310
  13. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 331
  14. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 230