Shaft umbel
| Shaft umbel | ||||||||||||
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Umbel ( Hacquetia epipactis ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Hacquetia | ||||||||||||
| Neck. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Hacquetia epipactis | ||||||||||||
| ( Scop. ) DC. |
The umbilicus ( Hacquetia epipactis ) is the only species of the plant genus Hacquetia within the umbelliferae family (Apiaceae). The generic name Hacquetia honors the Austrian doctor and botanist Belsazar Hacquet (1739 / 1740-1815).
description
Vegetative characteristics
The stem umbel is a perennial , herbaceous plant . It has a short, creeping basic axis and reaches heights of 20 to 25, rarely only 10 centimeters. It forms one or two unbranched stems , which are enveloped at the base by membranous leaf sheaths . The mostly two leaves are basal and long stalked. The leaf stalk is three-edged, the leaf blade is hand-shaped three (rarely up to five) times divided, about 5 cm long and 6 cm wide. The individual sections are 2 to 4 centimeters long, egg-shaped and wedge-shaped, lobed and serrated in the upper area. The teeth end in a bristle.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period extends from April to May. The terminal, simple umbellate inflorescence is surrounded by five, rarely six, leaf-like, yellowish-green bracts . The bracts are 2 to 3 (rarely only 1) centimeters long and up to 1.5 centimeters wide. The outer flowers are male, stalked of unequal length and have sepals around 0.5 mm long . The inner flowers are hermaphrodite, sessile and have spiky sepals about one mm long. The petals of all flowers are greenish yellow, around 1.5 mm long. They are outlined at the tip and narrow into a rolled-in lobule.
The fruit is unbeaked, egg-shaped, slightly compressed on the sides and glabrous. It is 4 mm long and clearly ribbed. The oil streaks stand individually under the main ribs. The stylus pad is ring-shaped. The fruit is black when ripe.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.
Distribution and locations
The shank umbel occurs from Italy ( Friuli ) and Austria via Slovenia to western Croatia , as well as in the Sudetes and the Northern Carpathians in the Czech Republic and Poland . Its distribution area includes Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Italy, Slovenia and Croatia. In Austria it occurs sparsely or rarely in southern Carinthia , and inconsistent in Upper Austria and Styria . In Bavaria , she appears abducted in the Kaufbeuren area .
The umbel grows in light, fresh deciduous forests and alder bushes, also in spruce forests. In south-eastern Europe it grows in the Hacquetio-Fagetum. It loves chalk and climbs up to the subalpine altitude .
use
The umbel is rarely used as an ornamental plant.
literature
- Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 .
- Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 698 .
- ^ Ralf Hand (2011): Apiaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Data sheet Hacquetia
