Pub garden

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A pub garden - here from Café Prückel

Schanigarten refers to an area directly in front of a catering establishment on public property, in which tables are set up for consumption, especially in eastern, but also in southern Austria . It is not a garden or green area. Pub gardens are often fenced in with privacy screens, built on a podium or decorated with potted plants. In Germany practically only the terms outdoor catering or free bar area are used for bars in the street, colloquially one also speaks of street café , bistro , ice cream parlor , terrace or simply “outside”.

term

Restaurant garden of the twin G'wölb

On fine days ago are coffee , Beisl , inn or -hof or other local standing tables and seating popular. The pub gardens are places of relaxation and also serve to "see and be seen".

The armchairs, chairs or even benches are set up on a wider sidewalk, in a parking lane or in a pedestrian zone . The pub garden is always in close proximity to the actual restaurant and is usually limited to its width. Some of the pub gardens are somewhat separated from the surrounding area by flower boxes and medium-high partition walls; many have parasols and some have awnings . A separate platform often serves as a basis, especially on sloping levels and when the parking lane is used. However, all parts are usually not permanently connected to the subsurface and, with exceptional cases, will be dismantled at the end of the summer season at the latest.

The main difference to the normal guest garden is that the visitors sit on public property. But not everyone distinguishes this. Subsequently, the name Schanigarten is to be found for small guest gardens in through houses or livelier courtyards. More precisely, a pub garden is actually an ensemble of tables, chairs and parasols that is set up and dismantled every day, in contrast to the permanently installed guest garden. Guest gardens correspond to beer gardens in Germany .

As popular as the pub gardens are with guests, there are always problems between the residents and the local owners due to noise pollution later in the evening. The gastronomy wants to invite guests to the restaurant as late as possible or send them home, some residents want a closing time as early as possible. There are also problem areas due to the partially used parking spaces, cigarette smoke or food smells. This repeatedly leads to lengthy legal disputes.

In 2019 there were a total of around 3500 pubs and pubs in Vienna. A press conference with representatives of the city and the Chamber of Commerce as the official start of the summer season (March 1st - November 30th) takes place every year in a different pub, usually during March. Since 2017 there has also been a very limited winter season, from 2018 to 2019 the number of winter pavement gardens was 230.

In 2019 the Vienna Danube Island Festival , which is run by several companies, was called "the largest pub garden".

history

Johann Jakob Tarone, vulgo Taroni († January 22, 1777 at the age of 71, also spelled Tarroni, at the latest since 1993 also with the Italian version of the first name: Gianni ), who is the impoverished state of the "water distillers" due to general changes in the serving permits ( Branntweiner ), opened a coffee house in 1748 on the lively Graben (then conscription number 1134 b, today ordinance number 14–15, corner of Habsburgergasse). On May 6, 1754, he was also allowed to pitch a tent to serve the "refreshing water", as had been run by Vinzenz Zandonati since 1728 at the farm and in the fire site. Around 1750 he was allowed to set up tables and chairs in front of the coffee house. This is seen as the birth of the Viennese Schanigarten. Since it was not appropriate for women to go to the coffee house, but only to the pastry shop, they were able to take part in coffee house life for the first time through the outdoor dining area.

In 1825, Simon Corra took over the coffeehouse opened by Georg Pöhlein in the Bürgerspitalzinshaus in 1794 , and from 1836 onwards, according to the company's history, built the first classic pub garden with tables, chairs and potted plants. The coffee was demolished in the course of the long-term demolition of the Bürgerpital in 1882 and a coffee shop was opened in the newly built houses in the immediate successor, which has been called Café Mozart since 1929 .

Where and since when the pub got its name is unclear, there are several speculations:

  • Both Tarone and Tarroni are names of Italian origin and the coffee house is said to have been the meeting place for Italians living in Vienna. With reference to Christoph Wagner , Heinz Dieter Pohl explains that Gianni Tarroni is the starting point for Gianni's garden , from which the pub garden emerged. Robert Sedlaczek also agrees .
  • French influence exists in several waves in the court culture that emerged from the mid-12th century. It gained strength in the second half of the 16th century, reached a second peak in the 17th century in the wake of the so-called Alamode, and an absolute peak in the first half of the 18th century. The French Revolution from 1789 and the February Revolution in 1848 are also in Some strata of the population were the driving force behind a certain Francophilia , the Congress of Vienna 1814/1815 again in others. In the second half of the 19th century, English slowly began to compete and the change began at the turn of the century. In earlier years boys were often baptized with the names Hans , Johann or Johannes . During the French influence, French first names became fashionable in German-speaking countries, or the French version of their first name was used.
    Schani is a variant of the French Jean , for Johann , created in Vienna or in the Viennese suburbs . Theoretically, the original owner could also be involved, but the bar is actually always referred to as a tar (r) oni .
  • A version that has long been very popular is also based on the French influence. In 1869, Moritz Heyne referred to the meaning of “Hans” as a common name in the German dictionary , to the fixed formula that existed in the 16th and 17th centuries for the rich, respected big Hans, who was contrasted with a little Hans, as well as the The Landsknechten used the terms big Hans / little Hans, which denoted the higher or lower position in the army and lasted until the 17th century. In the Economic Encyclopedia of Krünitz from 1783/1792, “Johann!”, “Hans!” And “petit-Jean!” ('Little Johann') are given as first names for servants, house servants, etc. “if you have your right hand recordings don't know. ”Johann is thus a professional name for a servant or a waiter and in Viennese Schani above all for the little waiter, the piccolo or, subsequently, for a sidekick. It often happened that the neighbors heard the head waiter's call in the morning: “Schani, carry the garden out!” ( German:  “Jean, carry the garden out!” ), And in the evening: “Schani, carry the garden out!” ! ”(Eng .:“ Jean, bring in the garden! ”).
  • Schani is a shortened syllable of just look . Since the consumption areas are freely visible from all sides, the guests jokingly encouraged passers-by to calmly and uninhibitedly watch them eat. Even strangers with the same exclamation Look only pointed out to their fellow travelers that women participate in the coffee house culture there, which was previously unusual. Since alcoholic beverages were also consumed, the pronunciation of Schau only became increasingly difficult at a later hour and was initially shortened to: Scha-na-hi, from which, over the years, Sha'n'i emerged for short . In the East Franconian dialect, Scha nah hie, wäis dahog'n is still understood by a broad population as just look how they sit there .

The folk singer Wilhelm Wiesberg (1850–1896) performed the duet Schani, carry the garden too! . The cabaret song Schani carry the garden, for which Martin Flossmann and Robert Gilbert wrote the text and Michael Danzinger the music , is probably from the 1970s .

The saying appeared in 1910 at the Berlin urban researcher Hans Ostwald as Fritze, take out the garden! and he describes a courtyard with a few Levkojen and oleander as the only flora. The garden take out is also in 1920 by Kurt Tucholsky alias Theobald Tiger in his satirical summer song taken as a sign for the summer: When summer turns blue when the bum steals when the innkeeper is the garden out [...] .

The term `` Schanigartens '' originated in Vienna and has now spread to Salzburg and Carinthia. It is well known in Tyrol and especially in Vorarlberg, but it is classified more colloquially or used specifically for Viennese pubs.

In the book "Why does the Schani carry out the garden in Vienna?" the authors present two theories.

Winter snow gardens

In recent years there have been pavement gardens in Austria that are also operated in winter.

As a result of global warming, there is a tendency for more warmer winter days to occur, cities are growing, city tourism is increasing, and restaurateurs wanted to use the hardware (pedestal, seating, umbrellas) longer per year. Cities like Vienna and Graz will approve more pavement gardens in 2019 with opening periods after October 31.

With the introduction of the general ban on smoking in closed restaurants, also in Austria - here effective from November 1, 2019 - smokers are increasingly pushing to smoke outside where smoking is allowed.

Winter outdoor areas and standing areas for smokers are often provided with walls to a certain extent to keep wind, rain and spray water off car tires, and also shielded against precipitation, which gives a certain psychological security and also reduces wind. Seat cushions and blankets are often offered as individual thermal insulation. In addition, many of these pub gardens and smoking areas are heated with gas mushrooms or electrically diagonally from above. There are also electric radiant heaters that emit a lot of red light to make the heating clearly visible. For each radiant heater in Vienna Vienna, a usage tax of 58.90 euros per year must be paid. Greenpeace advocates good ceilings, as the spotlights consume a lot of electricity. In many German countries and cities, these patio heaters are banned in restaurants due to their high CO 2 emissions.

Legal

Two statutory regulations apply under federal law:

  • According to Section 82 (1) of the Road Traffic Regulations , the use of roads (and sidewalks) for non-traffic purposes requires a permit and must not impair road safety. When approving permits, care is usually taken to ensure that there is enough space on the sidewalk, depending on the number of pedestrians. One often reads from guide values ​​around 1.50 m, in Vienna 2 m are common.
  • In terms of trade law, guest gardens have been regulated in Section 76a of the trade regulations since mid-2010 . After that, they need up to a size of 75 seats if they are only used for catering purposes and the volume remains within the normal range for conversations (for example, no barbecuing, making music, " public viewing ") and this is indicated in a notice, no lengthy commercial licensing procedure and may be operated from 8 a.m. to 11 p.m., according to a simple notification, such as outdoor dining areas adjacent to the street. The same applies to guest gardens in inner courtyards (without touching public areas), but then the time is from 9 a.m. to 10 p.m.

If these basic requirements are repeatedly not met, the guest garden can be closed after a one-off warning. As before, other outdoor cafés need a more complex operating facility permit, in which residents have party status. A cancellation or amendment procedure for such a permit is also more complex and takes longer.

According to trade law, the municipality can shorten the operating times in certain areas (for example, if the health of local residents is at risk, in hospitals or old people's homes) or extend them (for example in tourist areas, especially until midnight, in the case of special zoning, low building density). A decision can also be made in individual cases within the framework of an operating facility permit, for example if there are no neighbors who could be disturbed.

In accordance with municipal law, for example in Vienna, for the front gardens of business premises, a square meter-dependent utility tax must be paid for the use of public municipal land . It is higher for front gardens in heavily frequented pedestrian zones and in traffic-calmed zones than in less frequented areas of the city. In the course of the approval process, care is also taken to ensure that the pub garden fits into the townscape.

Legal history

In the trade regulations (GewO) the basic regulations for outdoor dining areas appear again and again in different paragraphs. In the GewO 1973 it was § 153 from 1993 to 1994. In the new GewO 1994 it was § 148 from 1994 to 2002, from 2002 to 2010 § 112 and since August 2010 it has been its own § 78a .

Until 1997, guest gardens on and next to public traffic areas were practically on a par with others in terms of opening times. Since this year a distinction has been made on the basis of older decisions of the Constitutional Court.

The distinction between (high-turnover) pedestrian and traffic-calmed zones with higher taxes and other locations has been made in Vienna since April 1982. In July 1990, the start of the pub season was brought forward from April to March. In 2000, the building owner's general right of veto, which had existed since the 1960s, was revoked and he was only given a normal party position. Some owners had made their consent dependent on financial contributions of varying amounts at their own discretion. From 2000 to 2005, with the respective ordinance “Commercial exercise in outdoor dining areas in year X”, the opening times of the pub gardens were extended to midnight in certain areas of the city in midsummer from June 15 to September 15. With a ruling on September 12, 2007, the Administrative Court had also requested a plant permit in Vienna and thus continued the rulings of the Constitutional Court from 1996. This was a reason to change the trade regulations in 2010 in order to simplify the administration.

On October 20, 2016, the Vienna State Parliament decided the basis for the approval of pavement gardens in winter too. Following an assessment by the federal government, the law has been effective since January 1, 2017.

Trivia

The donkey bridge is called the Schanigarten principle in order to remember the correct clock setting when switching to summer time :

“If the pub garden is cleared in front of the house, the clock is also put forward

If the pub is cleared, the clock is also set back to winter time "

Web links

Wiktionary: Schanigarten  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Gregor Retti: Austrianzisms in dictionaries. (PDF; 330 kB) 3. The "Austrian Dictionary". In: http://gregor.retti.info . Gregor Retti, 1999, pp. 227–228 , accessed on August 13, 2019 (Austrian German).
  2. ↑ Stuttgarter Zeitung, Stuttgart Germany: Outdoor catering in Stuttgart: Popular beer gardens, beach bars and terraces. In: https://stuttgarter-zeitung.de . Stuttgarter Zeitung Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, June 22, 2019, accessed on August 1, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Armin T. Linder: "Outside only jug": Why is there this rule in some restaurants? In: https://merkur.de . Münchener Zeitungs-Verlag GmbH & Co.KG, July 4, 2017, accessed on August 1, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Peter Alexander: Das kleine Beisl. In: https://youtube.com . Sony Music Entertainment, January 29, 2017, accessed August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).
  5. ↑ The most beautiful pub gardens. In: https://wien.info/de . Vienna Tourism Association, accessed on August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).
  6. ↑ a b Mayor Ludwig opened the Viennese Schanigarten season. In: https://ots.at . PID Press and Information Service of the City of Vienna, April 1, 2019, accessed on August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).
  7. ↑ What conflicts are there between hosts and neighbors? - derStandard.at. In: https://derstandard.at . STANDARD Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, September 13, 2018, accessed on August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).
  8. ↑ Landlords want to keep their guest gardens open until midnight! - Vienna. In: https://heute.at . DJ Digitale Medien GmbH, March 5, 2019, accessed on August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).
  9. ↑ Wiener Zeitung Online: When is curfew? In: https://wienerzeitung.at . Republic of Austria, March 4, 2019, accessed on August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).
  10. ↑ Viennese restaurateurs: pub gardens also in winter? In: http://dijaspora.tv/de . Dijaspora Media, February 19, 2015, accessed on August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).
  11. ^ Georg Zanger: Business disruption due to pub gardens. In: https://zanger-bewegt.at . Prof. Dr. Georg Zanger, June 30, 2011, accessed on August 13, 2019 (Austrian German).
  12. ↑ David Krutzler: The large beach café on the Old Danube remains closed - derStandard.at. In: https://derstandard.at . STANDARD Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, June 6, 2019, accessed on August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).
  13. ↑ Stefanie Rachbauer: No contracts: New Danube Canal restaurants only in narrow-gauge version. In: https://kurier.at/ . Telekurier Online Medien GmbH & Co KG, February 27, 2019, accessed on August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).
  14. ↑ a b c Oona Kroisleitner: Starting shot for the Viennese pub season. In: https://derstandard.at/ . STANDARD Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, April 1, 2019, accessed on August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).
  15. ↑ The Viennese coffee houses go green: Spring Awakening in the Schanigarten 2019. In: https://ots.at . Vienna Chamber of Commerce, April 1, 2019, accessed on August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).
  16. ↑ Vienna: More winter beer gardens in the 2018/19 season. In: https://vienna.at . Russmedia Digital GmbH, February 6, 2019, accessed on July 31, 2019 .
  17. ^ SPÖ: Smoking allowed in the "largest pub garden". In: https://krone.at . Krone Multimedia GmbH & Co KG, June 12, 2019, accessed on August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).
  18. ↑ Bartel F. Sinhuber: Die Wiener Kaffeehausliteraten: Anecdotes on the history of literature. Edition Vienna, 1993, ISBN 3-85058-091-1 , p. 27.
  19. ↑ a b Petra Drumbl: The coffee house as a communication space through the ages . Diploma thesis for journalism and communication studies at the University of Vienna, June 2009 ( othes.univie.ac.at [PDF; 398 kB]).
  20. ^ A b Gustav Gugitz: The Viennese coffee house: a piece of cultural and local history. Deutscher Verlag für Jugend und Volk, Ges. Mb H., 1940, pp. 44, 51–52.
  21. ↑ The Café Mozart Story. In: https://cafe-mozart.at . Coffee restaurant “Mozart” at Oper Ges.mbH, accessed on August 13, 2019 (Austrian German). ; Landtmann Extra Sheet No. 2. (PDF; 518 kB) In: https://landtmann.at . Querfeld's Wiener Kaffeehaus GesmbH, 2000, pp. 10-11 , accessed on August 13, 2019 (Austrian German). .
  22. ^ Association for the History of the City of Vienna: Yearbook of the Association for the History of the City of Vienna. Volumes 13-14, 1956, p. 122.
  23. ↑ Felix Czeike: The ditch. Zsolnay, 1972, p. 60.
  24. ^ Heinz Dieter Pohl: The Austrian kitchen language. A lexicon of typical Austrian culinary specialties (with linguistic explanations). Praesens-Verlag, 2007, ISBN 3-7069-0452-7 , p. 127, 154 with reference to:
    Christoph Wagner: Das Lexikon der Wiener Küche. Deuticke, Vienna 1996, p. 198.
  25. ↑ Robert Sedlaczek: To whom we owe the pub gardens . In: Wiener Zeitung . March 2, 2010 ( wienerzeitung.at [accessed on October 6, 2013] With typos: a.) Torrini → Tarroni; b.) 1550 → 1750).
  26. ↑ Werner Besch (Hrsg.): Language history. A handbook on the history of the German language and its research. 2nd Edition. Walter de Gruyter, 2000, ISBN 3-11-015882-5 , p. 1107 ff.
  27. ↑ Su-Jin Lee: Heimito from Doderer's novel The Slunj Waterfalls. A linguistic study of Austrian German (= writings on the German language in Austria. Volume 29). P. Lang, 2000, ISBN 3-631-36671-X , p. 204.
  28. ↑ Stefanie Rachbauer: Garden: How Gianni became Schani. In: https://kurier.at . Telekurier Online Medien GmbH & Co KG, April 1, 2019, accessed on August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).
  29. ^ German dictionary by Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm. Edited by Moritz Heyne. Volume 10, 36th delivery. 1869, Col. 241-480 “Halmenmeer - harm”.
  30. ↑ Guest gardens in Salzburg | Feel-good hotels in Salzburg Wals. In: https://salzburg-fibel.at . Melanie and Andreas Nitzlnader, Norbert and Sonja Gabriele Eisl, June 1, 2017, accessed on August 13, 2019 (Austrian German).
  31. ↑ Shani carry the garden too! Duet. In: https://obvsg.at/ . The Austrian Library Association and Service GmbH (OBVSG), accessed on August 12, 2019 (Austrian German).
  32. ↑ Martin Flossmann takes over Simpl in 1971 and Robert Gilert dies in 1978.
  33. ↑ AKM work number: 383314, GEMA work number: 924590-001.
  34. ↑ Hans Ostwald: The Berliner: Culture and Moral History of Berlin. Verlag für Kunstwissenschaft, 1910, p. 228.
  35. ^ Theobald Tiger [d. i. Kurt Tucholsky]: Summer song. In: The world stage. Volume 16, part 1, 1920, p. 696 (poem in: hawe-kuehl.de ).
  36. ↑ Ulrich Ammon, Rhea Kyvelos (ed.): Variant dictionary of German: The standard language in Austria, Switzerland and Germany as well as in Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, East Belgium and South Tyrol. Walter de Gruyter, 2004, ISBN 3-11-016575-9 , p. 659: "Schanigarten".
  37. ↑ Katharina Trost, Reza Sarkari: Why does the Schani carry the garden out in Vienna? & 99 other questions about Vienna . 1st edition. Metroverlag, Vienna 2017, ISBN 978-3-99300-288-6 , p. 160 .
  38. ↑ Law on the granting of permits for the use of public communal land and the collection of a fee for it (Utility Tax Act 1966). In: https://ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFnahm.wxe?Abfrage=LrW&Gesetzesnummer=20000131 .
  39. ^ New dispute over the opening times of the guest gardens. In: ots.at, June 4, 1997.
  40. ↑ Provincial Law Gazette for Vienna, No. 12, April 30, 1982, p. 47 ( Wien.gv.at [PDF; 208 kB]).
  41. ↑ Provincial Law Gazette for Vienna, No. 35, July 24, 1990, p. 183 ( wien.gv.at [PDF; 105 kB]).
  42. ↑ New regulation of the public utility tax law in the LGBl. In: ots.at, June 2, 2000.
  43. ↑ Legal entitlement to pub gardens? In: https://staedtebund.gv.at . Austrian Association of Cities, January 8, 2004, accessed on August 13, 2019 (Austrian German).
  44. ↑ Pilot test planned for the pub curfew at midnight. In: https://ots.at, March 14, 2000.
  45. ↑ LGBl 34/2000 - Commercial practice in public gardens in 2000. In: https://wien.gv.at . Retrieved on August 14, 2019 (Austrian German).
  46. ↑ LGBl 25/2005 - Commercial practice in guest gardens in 2005. In: https://wien.gv.at . Retrieved on August 14, 2019 (Austrian German).
  47. ↑ Georg Zanger: Are the pub gardens in Vienna illegal. In: https://zanger-bewegt.at/ . Prof. Dr. Georg Zanger, March 20, 2008, accessed on August 13, 2019 (Austrian German).
  48. ↑ Vienna State Parliament decided on winter beer gardens. In: https: // orf.at, October 20, 2016, accessed on October 20, 2016.
  49. ↑ The Law on Utility Taxes 1966 - State law consolidates Vienna, version dated August 2nd, 2019. In: https://ris.bka.gv.at . Federal Ministry for Digitization and Business Location, accessed on August 2, 2019 (Austrian German).