Gift from Castell

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Family coat of arms of the Schenk von Castell

The von Castell taverns were a south German nobility family, ministerials of the bishops of Constance and the prince abbots of St. Gallen and had been based in the Swabian region since the 17th century. The noble family since 1665 and counts since 1681 died out in the male line in 1902.

The family was not related to the Immediate Frankish Counts of Castell , who held the court office of the inheritance of the Prince-Bishops of Würzburg and were therefore sometimes referred to as the von Castell gifts .

origin

Ruins of Castell Castle above Lake Constance, Thurgau / Switzerland

The ancestral home of the Castell taverns was Castell Castle in the Konstanz Monastery (today in the municipality of Tägerwilen , Canton Thurgau , Switzerland ). In older literature (Friedrich Cast), Bishop Ulrich II of Konstanz († 1140) is assigned to the family. Albrecht von Castell was a youth comrade and confidante of King Rudolf von Habsburg (1218–1291). His sons would have fought alongside Rudolf's sons. Diethelm von Castell officiated as Abbot of Petershausen Monastery and Abbot of Reichenau (1306–1343). The taverns office would have been in the Swabian Dukes of the House of Staufer exercised after their extinction in the Fürstäbten of St. Gallen .

1360 arrived in the 13th century by the St. Gallen monastery built castle Mammerthofen in Roggwil ( Canton Thurgau ) to the taverns of Castellammare. In 1612 Max Joachim Schenk von Castell settled in Freiburg im Breisgau . In 1645 he sold Mammertshofen Castle to Georg Joachim Studer von Winkelbach. The family has now shifted its focus to south-west Germany.

Marquard Schenk von Castell (1605–1685) officiated from 1637 to 1685 as Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt . He did a lot for the internal and external reconstruction of the city and the Eichstätt monastery after the destruction of the Thirty Years' War . From 1669 he was also the Imperial Principal Commissioner at the Perpetual Reichstag in Regensburg . Emperor Emperor Leopold I valued his diplomatic skills and on June 19, 1665 confirmed the status of a baron to him. On March 1, 1681, he raised Marquard and his family to the rank of imperial count.

Due to the Thirty Years' War , the feudal lordship of Dischingen , which at that time belonged to the lords of Westernach and von Stotzingen , was so heavily indebted that in 1661 Prince-Bishop Marquard II. Schenk von Castell was able to acquire the lordship of Dischingen and Trugenhofen and to his cousin Johann Willibald Schenk von Castell transferred. Dischingen with Trugenhofen Castle was acquired by the Princes of Thurn and Taxis in 1734 , who still own the property to this day. In 1680, the prince-bishop again recalled his services to the emperor, who pledged the Schelklingen- Berg rule to him in gratitude . In 1732 she was given to the family as a man from the front of Austria ; the feudal rule of the Counts Schenk von Castell lasted until the middle of the 19th century, they gradually sold their property in Schelklingen.

Franz Ludwig Schenk von Castell (1736–1821), who also owned the lords of Gutenstein and Waal , played an important role for Schelklingen at the end of the Ancien Régime . He was married to Maria Philippina Freiin von Hutten zu Stolzenberg († 1813). They had three sons, Count Franz Joseph Schenk von Castell (1767-1845), Count Philipp Anton Schenk von Castell (1768-1811), who was appointed clergyman, and Count Casimir Schenk von Castell (1781-1831), and four daughters , including Maria Ludovika Countess Schenk von Castell (1778–1850), who was married to Carl Anton Graf Fugger , Herr von Nordendorf (1776–1848) since 1798 . Counts Philipp Anton and Kasimir remained childless, Count Franz Joseph had a son from his marriage to Maximiliane von Waldburg-Zeil-Wurzach , Ludwig Anton Count Schenk von Castell (1802–1876). His first marriage to Maria Potocka (1816-1857) was childless and his second marriage (closed on June 7, 1859) was married to Josephine von Poth († 1908). From the second marriage came the son Ludwig Anton Count Schenk von Castell (1860-1902), the last male descendant. With his only daughter Maria Blühdorn, born Countess Schenk von Castell (born 1901), the last name bearer of the family died in 2004.

Known family members

Prince-Bishops of Eichstätt

coat of arms

  • Family coat of arms: In white, a red eight-tailed deer antler on the cut-out skull. Gem: the deer antlers on the helmet. Ceilings: red and white.
  • Increased Count's coat of arms (1681): Quartered with a quartered white central shield, therein I. and IV. Red deer antlers of the family coat of arms, II. And III. one above the other are the two lions of Landeck. Main shield: I. and IV. Divided by white and red five times obliquely to the left or also three white oblique bars (Schelklingen); II. And III. split, roughened blue and yellow at the front, red at the back (mountain). Treasures: four helmets; 1. open red flight with three white sloping bars (Schelklingen), 2. crowned the family coat of arms (red deer antlers), 3. crowned, red-clad, armless male trunk growing, with white collar (Landeck?), 4. crowned, armless growing male trunk, dressed in blue on the right, red on the left, the right side of the clothing also roughened blue and yellow (mountain) Ceilings: I., II., III. red and white, IV. blue and yellow.

Archival material

  • In the main state archive in Stuttgart there is a collection of 10 running meters (1310–1859) under B 82 for the "Count Schenk von Castell".

See also

literature

  • Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : Counts of Castel (donation counts of Castel) ; in: ders .: German count houses of the present. In heraldic, historical and genealogical relation . Leipzig: TO Weigel, 1852; Volume 1: A-K, pp. 148-150.
  • Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: Castel, Counts of Castel, Donate Counts of Castel ; in: ders. (Hg.): Neues Allgemeine Deutsches Adels-Lexicon . Leipzig: Verlag Degener & Co., 1929; Volume 2: Boz-Ebe, pp. 234–235 (unaltered reprint of the work published by Friefrich Voigt in Leipzig from 1859–1870).
  • Julius Sax: The bishops and imperial princes of Eichstätt 745–1806 . Landshut: Verlag Krüll, 1884–85 (2 volumes).
  • Klaus Kreitmeir: The bishops of Eichstätt . Eichstätt: Publishing house of the church newspaper for the diocese of Eichstätt, 1992.
  • Harald Derschka : Die Ministeriale des Hochstiftes Konstanz ( Konstanz Working Group for Medieval History: Lectures and Research ; Special Volume 45). Thorbecke, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-7995-6755-0 , pp. 135-139.
  • Peter Zürcher: The bishopric elections in the prince-bishopric of Eichstätt from 1636 to 1790. Election events in the mirror domkapitelscher, dynastic and imperial state and imperial church politics (dissertation Catholic University Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, 2004/2005). Munich: Verlag CH Beck, 2008 (series of publications on Bavarian national history; 155). ISBN 978-3-406-10770-2

Web links

Commons : Schenk von Castell  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Friedrich Cast, Historical and genealogical book of the nobility of the Kingdom of Württemberg (see web links)
  2. ↑ The above based on Friedrich Cast, ibid.
  3. ↑ Increased coat of arms of the Schenk von Castell  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / artroots.com