Checking Monastery

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Exterior view of the monastery
Prüfungingen dedicatory inscription from 1119

The monastery Prüfening is a former abbey of Benedictine in Regensburg in Bavaria in the diocese of Regensburg . Since the secularization at the beginning of the 19th century , the monastery buildings have also been known asChecking Castle , which is the name given toChecking Castle Street . The monastery church houses u. a. the early Gothic Erminold tomb (created in 1283) , the Prüferingen inscription , a unique document of medieval typography , and the original Romanesque frescoes.

history

The monastery is located on the western outskirts of Regensburg and was founded in 1109 by Bishop Otto I of Bamberg as a Benedictine abbey . The church of St. George was consecrated in 1119 , as evidenced by the Prüfeningen consecration inscription . The monastery library was already extensive in the 12th century, according to a directory preserved in the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek it contained around 300 works by different authors and different directions. Both liturgical writings and school books were available for the monks' study. In the 12th century, the monasteries in Banz and Münchsmünster were settled fromprüfunging . For Asbach , Biburg , Göttweig and Georgenberg there are abbots who came fromprüfunging.

Between 1189 and 1803 the monastery held the right to cross the Danube. The donations of the Donaufergen were one of the most important sources of income for the monastery.

During the Thirty Years War , the monastery was used as quarters by the Bavarian Elector Maximilian I and his officers during the fighting for Regensburg (1632–1634) .

Since the monastery also did celestial studies, an astronomical tower was built in the convent garden on medieval foundations around 1700 . However, it was rebuilt in the late 18th century.

The monastery was dissolved in 1803 in the course of secularization . The monastery buildings were sold and first came into the possession of the Thurn und Taxischen general post director Alexander Freiherr von Vrints-Berberich and his wife Henriette. After the death of the childless Vrints-Berberich, the castle estate came to his foster son François Ghislaine Freiherr van Zuylen van Nyevelt in 1843. This created a Fideikommiss from the complex . After this was on the verge of bankruptcy, it came into the possession of the Thurn und Taxis family in 1899 . The princes used the castle as a summer residence for the family. The attempt by Father Emmeram OSB (1902-1994) to rebuild a Benedictine monastery in the buildings failed. Since 2002 the monastery buildings have housed a Montessori primary and secondary school.

In 2011, the existing buildings of the former orangery were renovated and redesigned so that the buildings can be used as a day nursery and kindergarten. There is a discussion about the origin of the orangery, which concerns the question of whether the orangery was built after 1800, after the secularization in Bavaria , or whether a baroque predecessor existed.

Images of Romanesque frescoes

  • Romanesque wall paintings in the former conventChecking in Regensburg. Otto von Bamberg can be seen in the lower center.

  • St. George Fresco2.jpg
  • St. George Fresco3.jpg
  • Checking Monastery Fresco Altar.jpg

Abbots of the monastery (selection)

Abbey Erminold's high tomb
  • Erminold , 1114–1121, murdered
  • Erbo, 1121–1162: Bloom of theological and monastic writing in the monastery Prüfing
  • Godefrid, 1162
  • Eberhard, 1162-1168
  • Wernher, around 1247
  • Conrad von Zant, 1314-1333
  • Ulrich Altdorfer, 1336–1349
  • Wernher II, 1349-1356
  • Ulricus Viehauser, around 1379
  • Albrecht Glück, 1414–1432: Introduction of the Chancellor Reform
  • Georg Grahamer (Garhaimer), 1436–1458: forced to resign in 1445 by Duke Albrecht; In 1446 re-elected abbot by the monks of the monastery; New construction of the monastery building; d. 1458, buried in the monastery checkinging
  • Johann Grasser, 1482–1490: 1488 construction of the St. Anna church on the grounds of his parents' house in Großprüfening
  • Georg Eggl, 1490
  • Maurus von Trauner, also abbot of Frauenzell Abbey
  • Ulrich Schöndel, 1529–1554
  • Georg Kaiser, 1582–1606
  • Johann Stadler, 1606–1619
  • Lucas Budin, 1619-1631
  • Andrä Pichler, 1631–1634 died in Swedish captivity
  • Placidus Bacheder, 1634–1653
  • Romanus I. Schneidt, 1653–1677: Renovation of the monastery after the turmoil of the Reformation and the Thirty Years' War
  • Dinoys Jerg, 1677-1683
  • Bernhard Degl, 1683-1693
  • Otto Kraft, 1693–1729: Baroque refurbishment of the monastery church
  • Roman Kieser, 1729–1756
  • Petrus II. Gerl , 1756–1781: Abbot President of the Bavarian Benedictine Congregation
  • Martin Pronath , 1781-1790
  • Rupert Kornmann , 1790–1803 (last abbot of the monastery)

Important and well-known monks

Other buildings on the monastery grounds

Romanesque fountain house

Fountain house

The Romanesque well house is part of the former water supply of the monastery. The spring contained in this house provides water to this day.

St. George Church

St. George Church

The St. Georg monastery church, completed in 1125, is the first larger church building of the so-called Hirsau School in Bavaria . The church is a Romanesque three-nave pillar basilica with the transept on the east side. The Romanesque wall paintings are still well preserved. Erminold , the first abbot of the monastery, is said to have been slain by his brother because of his severity. The high grave erected in his honor by Regensburg Bishop Heinrich II. In 1283 was built by one of the most important Regensburg sculptors, who, since his name is not known, was named Erminoldmeister after his work and from whose hand the Annunciation group in the cathedral comes. The former monastery church is used as a subsidiary parish church of the Catholic parish of St. Bonifaz - St. Georg .

St. Andrew's Church

St. Andrew's Church

The Romanesque church of St. Andrew is west of the main building in an i. d. Usually inaccessible part of the monastery grounds and is only open on Sundays from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. (from April to October). It was consecrated in 1125 and is a single-nave building with a choir tower. The church served the monastery servants and the poor housed in the beneficiary's house as a parish church and was profaned in 1803.

City Palace

City palace of the monastery on Bismarckplatz in Regensburg

The wealth and influence of the monastery in the 18th century is represented by the city palace built in 1701 on Bismarckplatz in Regensburg, which in the 19th century served as the “Hereditary Prince Palace ” of the Princes of Thurn and Taxis.

literature

  • Maria Baumann (ed.): Monks, artists and princes. 900 years of the foundation of the monastery checking. Exhibition catalog of the art collections of the Diocese of Regensburg. Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-7954-2314-8 .
  • Michael Kaufmann P. Edmund Walberer (1768─1842) , Benedictine ofprüfunging , in his annuarium. SMGB 123, 2012, 345─392.
  • Manfred Knedlik; Georg Schrott (ed.): Abbot Rupert Kornmann vonprüfunging (1757-1817). A Benedictine polymath between the Enlightenment and the Restoration. Contributions to the history of the diocese of Regensburg: supplement; Vol. 17. Association for Regensburg Diocese History , Regensburg 2007, ISSN  0945-1722 .
  • Günter Lorenz: monastery checking. Gerlach, Regensburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-00-029067-1 .
  • Heidrun Stein: The Romanesque wall paintings in the monastery churchChecking. At the same time, dissertation at the University of Regensburg, 1984. Mittelbayerische Druckerei- und Verlags-Gesellschaft, Regensburg 1987, ISBN 3-921114-05-5 .
  • Doris Gerstl: On the discovery and restoration of the Romanesque wall paintings in St. Georg in Checking. In: Negotiations of the historical association for Upper Palatinate and Regensburg. Volume 154. Historical Association for Upper Palatinate and Regensburg, 2014, ISSN 0342-2518, pp. 293–309.

Web links

Commons : Kloster checkinging  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Herbert E. Brekle : Theprüfungingen consecration inscription from 1119. A paleographic-typographical investigation , Scriptorium Verlag für Kultur und Wissenschaft, Regensburg 2005, ISBN 3-937527-06-0 ( short summary ( Memento from October 1, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) ).
  2. ↑ History of the Danube ferry atChecking on donaufaehre.com, loaded on June 26, 2014.
  3. ↑ Peter Engerisser: A previously unknown view of the siege of Regensburg in 1634 . In: Negotiations of the historical association Regensburg . tape 148 . Verlag des Historisches Verein für Oberpfalz and Regensburg, 2008, ISSN  0342-2518 , p. 68 .
  4. ↑ S. Lampl, O. Braasch: Monuments in Bavaria , Volume III: Oberpfalz , Munich 1986, p. 34.
  5. ↑ Klaus Heilmeier: Answers to "Newly raised questions about the orangery of the monastery-castleChecking near Regensburg . In: City of Regensburg, Lower Monument Protection Authority (ed.): Preservation of monuments in Regensburg . Volume 14 . Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-7917-2708-0 , pp. 127-166 .
  6. ^ Klaus Heilmeier : prüfungingen Schloßstraße 71. From the plant house to the children's house. Refurbishment and conversion of the orangery atChecking Castle . In: City of Regensburg, Lower Monument Protection Authority (Hrsg.): Preservation of monuments in Regensburg . tape 13 . Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-7917-2550-5 , pp. 331-334 .

Coordinates: 49 ° 0 '33 "  N , 12 ° 2' 44"  E