Scale root
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Hidden Scalyroot ( Lathraea clandestina ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Lathraea | ||||||||||||
| L. |
The common root ( Lathraea ) is a genus of plants within the family of the summer root family (Orobanchaceae). The five or so species are common in Eurasia . They are full parasites (holoparasites).
Description and ecology
Vegetative characteristics
The Schuppenwurz types are perennial , herbaceous plants . They are full parasites (holoparasites). Their upright stem is unbranched or branches directly at the base.
Generative characteristics
The racemose or spiked inflorescences contain a bract and many flowers. Pre-leaves are missing. The flower stalks are very short or absent.
The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and four-fold with a double flower envelope . The sepals are fused bell-shaped and the calyx ends with four lobes. The crown is bilobed. The four stamens rise slightly above the crown. The anthers consist of two fertile counters. At the base of einfächrigen ovary are often Nektarien . The two placentas are mural. The slender stylus ends in a disc-shaped scar .
The capsule fruits spring open with two lobes. Usually the fruits contain four seeds, but rarely only two or a large number of seeds can be formed. The seeds are almost spherical.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Lathraea was established by Carl von Linné in 1753 . The generic name Lathraea is derived from the Greek word λαθραῖος (lathraîos) and means "secretly", this refers to the fact that the plant specimen is not recognizable before the inflorescence is formed.
The Lathraea species are common in Europe , Russia , China and Japan .
There are about five (to seven) species in the genus Lathraea :
- Hidden scaly root ( Lathraea clandestina L. ): It occurs in northern Spain , France , western Belgium and central Italy .
- Lathraea japonica Miq. : It is common in China (southern Gansu , northern Guangdong , northern Guizhou , southern Shaanxi , southeastern Sichuan ), Korea, and Japan .
- Lathraea purpurea H.A. Cummins ex King : It occurs in Nepal , Sikkim and central Taiwan .
- Lathraea rhodopea Dingler : It occurs only in Bulgaria and northeastern Greece ( Thrace ).
- Common scaly root ( Lathraea squamaria L. ): It is common in almost all of Europe and Western Asia.
Lathraea clandestina
Lathraea japonica
Lathraea rhodopea
Lathraea squamaria
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literature
- Zhi-Yun Zhang, Nikolai N. Tzvelev: Lathraea L. , S, 243 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China , Volume 18: Scrophulariaceae through Gesneriaceae. Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, 1998. (Sections Description, Systematics and Distribution)
- Chung ShihWen, Hsu TianChuan, Jung MingJer, Hsiao ShuChuan, Fang WeiU: Lathraea purpurea (Scrophulariaceae): a new generic record in Taiwan. In: Taiwan Journal of Forest Science , Volume 25, Issue 3, 2010, pp. 265-269.
Individual evidence
- ^ David Gledhill: The Names of Plants . Cambridge University Press, 2008, ISBN 978-0-521-68553-5 ( [1] ).
- ↑ a b Zhi-Yun Zhang, Nikolai N. Tzvelev: Lathraea Linnaeus. - Same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Ed.): Flora of China. Volume 18: Orobanchaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2010.
- ^ Lathraea in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
- ↑ Karol Marhold, 2011: Orobanchaceae : Datasheet Lathraea In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
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