Black and white tailed hummingbird
| Black and white tailed hummingbird | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Black and white tailed hummingbird illustrated by John Gould and Henry Constantine Richter |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Phlogophilus hemileucurus | ||||||||||||
| Gould , 1860 |
The black-and-white-tailed hummingbird ( Phlogophilus hemileucurus ), sometimes called the magpie tail , is a species of bird in the hummingbird family (Trochilidae) that is found in Colombia , Ecuador and Peru . The stock is on the IUCN as endangered ( Vulnerable estimated). The species is monotypical .
features
The black-and-white-tailed hummingbird reaches a body length of about 7.3 to 7.6 cm with a weight of 2.2 to 3.7 g. Both sexes are similar. The straight, black beak is yellowish at the base. The top of the head is greenish brown, the rest of the top is grass green. There is a white spot behind the eye. The throat and chest are white with green spots. A white band runs across the middle of the chest. The belly is whitish. The central pair of control feathers of the rounded tail is blue-green, the remainder blue. At the base of the tail feathers are white and they have broad white tips. Young animals are similar to adult birds, but have yellow-brown fringes on their heads and neck feathers.
Behavior and nutrition
The black-and-white-tailed hummingbird gets its nectar from the red family , from the heather family, especially of the genus Psammisia, and from the Gesneria family . When he visits blooming flowers, he clings to their petals . Insects are mainly collected from the surfaces of plants. He looks for his food in the lower to middle strata two to four meters above the ground.
Vocalizations
The song of the black and white tailed hummingbird usually consists of three bright, lively tones at a frequency of 8-10 kHz, followed by chirping tones that sound like tsiiii ... tsiii.tsu..tititititi . He repeats these over and over again. His repertoire also includes a decreasing series of three to four bright si tones at a frequency of 8 to 10 kHz and 0.3 seconds per tone. He also utters a repeated tsik or bright twittering.
Reproduction
The breeding season for the black-and-white-tailed hummingbird is from December to April. He builds a small chalice-like nest made of fine root fibers and pieces of fern leaves. He attaches this to climbing plants two to three meters above the ground or on the underside of dense thickets that can hang over steep roads. A clutch consists of two eggs that are only incubated by the female.
distribution and habitat
The black-and-white-tailed hummingbird prefers forest edges and secondary vegetation in the Andean foothills at altitudes of 500 to 1200 meters. In southern Colombia, it occurs in the west of the Departamento de Putumayo and in the east of the Departamento del Cauca . The distribution area stretches across eastern Ecuador to northern Peru in the regions of San Martín and Loreto .
migration
The black-and-white-tailed hummingbird is a resident bird , with possible seasonal migration at high altitudes.
Etymology and history of research
The first description of the black and white-tailed hummingbird was in 1860 by John Gould under the scientific name Phlogophilus hemileucurus . He had the type specimen from Jules Bourcier and it came from near the Río Napo . With the species Gould introduced the new genus Phlogophilus . Phlogophilus is a word structure from the Greek words "phlox φλόξ " for "flame" and "philos φίλος " for "friend". The species name »hemileucurus« derives from the Greek »hēmi-, hēmisus ἡμι- , ἡμισυς « for »half, small, half«, »leucos λευκος « for »white« and »-ouros, oura -ουρος, ουρα « for »- tail, tail "off.
Web links
- Phlogophilus hemileucurus inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019.2. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2016. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
- BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Ecuadorian Piedtail ( Phlogophilus hemileucurus ) . Retrieved November 6, 2019.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Ecuadorian Piedtail (Phlogophilus hemileucurus) in the Internet Bird Collection
- Black and White Tailed Hummingbird ( Phlogophilus hemileucurus ) at Avibase; accessed on November 6, 2019.
- Phlogophilus hemileucurus in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved November 6, 2019.
- xeno-canto: Sound recordings - Black and white-tailed hummingbird ( Phlogophilus hemileucurus )
- Ecuadorian Piedtail (Phlogophilus hemileucurus) in the Encyclopedia of Life . Retrieved November 6, 2019.
literature
- Karl-Ludwig Schuchmann , Peter Boesman, Guy Maxwell Kirwan in: Josep del Hoyo , Andrew Elliott, Jordi Sargatal , David Andrew Christie , Eduardo de Juana: Ecuadorian Piedtail (Phlogophilus hemileucurus) In: Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive . Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
- James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
- John Gould: Description of twenty-two new species of Humming Birds . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 28 , 1860, p. 304-312 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).