Swornegacie
| Swornegacie | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Chojnice | ||
| Gmina : | Chojnice | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 52 ′ N , 17 ° 30 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 1080 (March 31, 2011) | ||
| Postal code : | 89-608 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 52 | ||
| License plate : | GCH | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 236 : Konarzynki- Brusy | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Swornegacie (German Schwornigatz , Kashubian : Swòrnégace ) is a Polish village in the southwest of the Pomeranian Voivodeship that administratively is incorporated into the urban and rural municipality ( gmina miejsko-wiejska ) Chojnice .
geography
The village is located 19 kilometers north of Chojnice (Konitz) on the Brda (Brahe) river and on the banks of the 648 hectare Jeziora Karsińskie (Karschin Lake). The place belongs to the area of the Kashubian Switzerland at the transition from the northern Kashubian lake plateau to the Tucheler Heide . Swornegacie has no rail connection and is located on Voivodship Road 236 , which connects it with its larger neighboring towns Konarzyny (Konarzin) and Brusy (Bruß). In Brusy there is a connection to the voivodship road 235 ( Droga wojewódzka 235 ) Chojnice - Korne ( Kornen ).
history
The first documentary mention comes from a document from Pope Gregory X. from July 15, 1272, with which the village was subordinated to the bishops of Kulm . Spiritual care was the responsibility of the Cistercian monks who ran a monastery in Kulm. Secular rule was exercised by the dukes of Pomerellen at this time . The official founding of the village was initiated in 1291 by Duke Mestwin II , who had personally appeared in the village for the founding act.
At the end of the 13th century, the Teutonic Order conquered Pomerellen and, with the Treaty of Soldin in 1309, received the southern parts of the country, which included Swornegacie. It can be assumed that, as a result of the settlement policy of the order, German immigrants settled in the village and gave it the German name Schwornigatz. The order subordinated the place administratively to its commandery Tuchel . On December 22nd, 1400, the Commander-in-Chief Johann von Streifen granted Bernhard Schonhayn and his descendants the right to run a jug.
After the defeat of the order against Poland, which was sealed with the 2nd Thorner Peace of 1466, the village came under Polish rule and was assigned to the Kosobudzki estate. Reports from the 16th century show that there was a parish school in the village at that time. A visitation report from 1695 mentioned a wooden parish church dedicated to Saints John the Baptist and Saint Bartholomew . 1617 the independence of the parish was abolished and Swornegacie subordinated to the parish of Konarcyny.
With the second Polish partition in 1772, the village came under the rule of Prussia . Now called Schwornigatz again, it was assigned to the Konitz district in the province of West Prussia in the course of the Prussian administrative reform on April 1, 1818 . In 1874 Schwornigatz came together with six other rural communities and manor districts to the newly formed district of Groß Chelm. The number of inhabitants in 1910 was 1,393, most of whom lived in wooden, thatched huts. They lived mainly from agriculture, as well as fishermen and forest workers. In 1916 a new stone church was built and dedicated to Saint Barbara . The old wooden church was moved to the Kashubian open-air museum in Wdzydze Kiszewskie .
When, after the First World War, large parts of West Prussia had to be surrendered to Poland on January 10, 1920 as a result of the Treaty of Versailles , Schwornigatz also became Polish again. In September 1939 the German Wehrmacht occupied the place, which officially belonged to the German Reich again from October 26, 1939. In 1942 the place name was changed to Schwarnegast. During the Second World War , the area around the village was expanded to become a military training area and the villagers were relocated. A fire broke out in the village during a military exercise and destroyed part of the houses. In March 1945 Schwarnegast was occupied by the Soviet Army and handed over to Polish administration in the same year.
At first there were doubts whether the badly damaged village should be rebuilt, and there were plans to reforest the whole area. In the end, the place, now again called Swornegacie, was rebuilt. In 1962 another fire broke out and the last wooden houses fell victim. In the same year Swornegacie was connected to the electricity supply. In 1966 a boarding school was added to the school, for which a new building was built in 1988. After the end of the People's Republic of Poland in 1990, work began on modernizing the village's infrastructure. A central water supply and sewer system were set up and a nationwide telephone network was installed.
In 2005 the Kashubian Folk Craft House (Kaszubski Dom Rękodzieła Ludowego) was founded. It showed memorabilia and cultural assets from Kashubian villages. Tools and implements that were previously used in agriculture and household are on display, as well as exhibits of folk art.
Sons and daughters of the place
- Johann Ollik (born July 12, 1905 in Schwornigatz, † January 10, 1945 in Weimar), German resistance fighter
Web links
- Website about Swornegacie (Polish, German, English)
- Website of the Chojnice Municipality (Polish)
- Kashubian Folk Culture Park in Wdzydze Kiszewskie (multilingual)
Individual evidence
- ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on June 27, 2017