Spathiphyllum silvicola
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Spathiphyllum silvicola |
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Spathiphyllum silvicola is a plant from the family of the arum family (Araceae). It grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and is native to Costa Rica , Panama and Colombia .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Spathiphyllum silvicola is a perennial herbaceous plant with a short, creeping rhizome . She does not have milk juice . The two- lined leaves on the rhizome are stalked 13–76 cm long. The bottom of the petiole is about 1/3 to 3/5 of its length as a leaf sheath and has a 1-2 cm long thickening (geniculum) at its upper end, which serves as a joint if necessary. The simple and undivided, entire leaf blades are narrowly elliptical to lanceolate, wedge-shaped at the base or, more rarely, rounded and pointed at the front. They are 15–38.5 cm long and 4.5–11.5 (–15.3) cm wide. They each have (9–) 12–23 lateral nerves of the first order on both sides, which reach the edge of the blade with their ends bent towards the tip of the leaf, and parallel to this other weaker nerves lying between them. In the middle of the leaf, the lateral nerves form an angle of approximately 60–70 degrees with the midrib.
Generative characteristics
The solitary, bulbous inflorescence is stalked about 35–96 cm long. The wide open spathe is light green or white with green veins at the time of flowering and remains after flowering. It is approximately 7.9-15 cm long and 1.7-4.3 cm wide and has a lanceolate or narrow elliptical to ovate-lanceolate shape. The spathe runs down 0.4–1.4 cm on the peduncle and is long pointed at the front, with the tip slightly curved back later. The white, later yellowish or green expectant, consistent with hermaphrodite flowers occupied spadix is approximately 3.6 to 7.3 cm long, has about 4-8 mm in diameter and is stalked cm long in the spathe 0.4-1.6.
The usually six tepals are fused in their lower half, free at the top. There are usually six free stamens with short stamens. The inverted pyramidal pistil , trimmed at the top, is about as long as the flower cover . Only the three-lobed stigma protrudes slightly over the flower envelope. In the Upper constant, mostly dreifächerigen ovary 6-7 sit in each subject 2-3, a total of ovules at the central angle constant placenta . The fruits are berries that are white when ripe with a yellow tip.
The plants can bloom almost at any time of the year. Only in the months of March and April no flowering individuals have been observed so far.
distribution and habitat
The species was considered endemic to the Pacific side of Costa Rica until 2003 , but has now also been found in Panama and the west of Colombia.
It grows mainly in tropical lowland rainforests , from sea level to around 500 (–950) m above sea level .
Taxonomy
Spathiphyllum silvicola was described in 1976 by Richard A. Baker on the basis of collections by the American botanist Paul Hamilton Allen . The type locality is in the canton of Osa in the province of Puntarenas in the south of Costa Rica. Until the first description , plants of this species were mostly mistaken for Spathiphyllum fulvovirens , a species also found in Costa Rica, but only on the Caribbean side, which differs among other things in its larger leaves and cobs. Both species are within the genus Spathiphyllum to section Amomophyllum asked. The more widespread Spathiphyllum laeve , which is not closely related as a member of the Massowia section and differs in the fact that it has grown into an undivided, full-rimed cup, is also very similar in terms of habit .
etymology
The specific epithet silvicola is made up of the Latin silva ( forest ) and Latin -cola ( inhabitants ) and means forest inhabitants . It refers to the occurrence of the species in the interior ( forest shade ) of tropical forests. The word is a noun and therefore its ending cannot be adapted to the generic name. The generic name Spathiphyllum is made up of spathe , the name for the conspicuous bract that accompanies the inflorescence of the arum family, and the ancient Greek word φύλλον ( phýllon , dt. Leaf ). The name refers to the fact that in this genus the spathe differs less strongly from deciduous leaves than is usually the case with arum plants.
swell
- RA Baker, WC Burger: Key and commentary on the species of Spathiphyllum (Araceae) in Costa Rica, including S. silvicola, sp. nov. In: Phytologia. 33, 1976, pp. 447-454.
- F. Cardona: Synopsis of the genus Spathiphyllum (Araceae) in Colombia. In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 91, 2004, pp. 448-456.
- Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Birkhäuser, Basel / Boston / Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-7643-2390-6 .
- MH Grayum: Araceae. In: BE Hammel, MH Grayum, C. Herrera, N. Zamora (eds.): Manual de plantas de Costa Rica. Vol. II: Gimnospermas y Monocotiledóneas (Agavaceae – Musaceae). Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-22-9 , pp. 59-200.
Individual evidence
- ^ MH Grayum: Araceae. In: BE Hammel, MH Grayum, C. Herrera, N. Zamora (eds.): Manual de plantas de Costa Rica. Vol. II: Gimnospermas y Monocotiledóneas (Agavaceae – Musaceae). Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-22-9 , p. 179. (online)
- ^ A b F. Cardona: Synopsis of the genus Spathiphyllum (Araceae) in Colombia. In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 91, 2004, p. 453. (online)
- ^ Spathiphyllum silvicola , Herbarium evidence at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed April 25, 2013.
- ^ RA Baker, WC Burger: Key and commentary on the species of Spathiphyllum (Araceae) in Costa Rica, including S. silvicola, sp. nov. In: Phytologia. 33, 1976, p. 448. (online)
- ↑ Holotype of Spathiphyllum silvicola. In: Botany Collections database. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, accessed April 25, 2013 .
- ↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Birkhäuser, Basel / Boston / Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-7643-2390-6 , p. 586.
- ^ RA Baker, WC Burger: Key and commentary on the species of Spathiphyllum (Araceae) in Costa Rica, including S. silvicola, sp. nov. In: Phytologia. 33, 1976, p. 449. (online)
- ↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Birkhäuser, Basel / Boston / Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-7643-2390-6 , p. 599 (preview in Google book search) .
