St-Martin (Survilliers)
The Catholic parish church of Saint-Martin in Survilliers , a parish in the Val-d'Oise department in the French region of Île-de-France , was built towards the end of the 15th century. It stands at the transition from Gothic to Renaissance . In 1945 the church was added to the list of cultural monuments as Monument historique .
history
According to a fragmentary inscription on the inside of the bell tower - "batie, fondée et dotée par Messire Guillaume de Meaux, seigneur baron de Survilliers l'an 1354" (built, founded and furnished by Mr. Guillaume von Meaux, Baron von Survilliers, im Year 1354) - there was already a previous church in the 14th century, of which only the choir , a yoke of the south aisle and the bell tower have survived. There are different statements about the consecration of today's church. The archives contain two dates: 1483 and 1544. The year 1493 is engraved in the choir and a keystone of the vault bears the year 1554.
Survilliers belonged to the diocese of Senlis until it was dissolved in 1790. Today the parish belongs to the diocese of Pontoise .
architecture
Exterior construction
The entrance to the church is on the west facade, on the south side of which the bell tower rises. All four sides of the tower are reinforced by buttresses . Significantly protruding buttresses structure the nave and the apse . The first two buttresses on the south side are decorated with crabs and geometric ornaments. A frieze of mythical creatures extends over the window openings .
inner space
The nave of the church has a main nave and two side aisles. It is divided into six bays and covered with a ribbed vault. The western yokes have Renaissance keystones from the first half of the 16th century.
The choir, which is closed on five sides and is broken through by large lancet windows, joins in the east .
Leaded glass window
The oldest window in the church is the middle choir window with the representation of the transfiguration , the transfiguration of Jesus. The upper parts of the window date from the first quarter of the 16th century. The lower parts were created in 1992 by Florent Chaboissier, who also designed the side choir windows.
The windows of the south aisle date from the 19th century. They depict scenes from the life of Mary , her parents, St. Anna and St. Joachim , the Annunciation by the Archangel Gabriel and the meeting of Mary with Elisabeth . On the left side of this window is St. Joseph depicted, on the right, St. Zacharias . The small upper scenes represent symbols of Mary according to the Lauretanian litany such as the mysterious rose, the morning star, the gate of heaven, the tower of David or the lily. The two upper panes of the window of the Annunciation are fragments of a window from the 16th century and depict Adam and Eve. The window in the western yoke of the south aisle depicts the Assumption of Mary and bears the signature: "Ména à Paris 1864".
The windows of the north aisle were destroyed in a bomb explosion in 1944. They were replaced by simple colored discs.
Furnishing
- On the altar of the south aisle there is a life-size stone sculpture of a Madonna and Child from the late 14th century. At her feet, Moses kneels in front of the burning bush , a symbol of the virginity of Mary .
- Numerous grave slabs of noble families are embedded in the floor. They are engraved and date from the 16th to 18th centuries.
- During the renovation of the church, the coats of arms of noble families were uncovered, which were affixed in black on the pillars of the nave when a relative died.
- On the pillars there are inscriptions in memory of the deceased, whose names and date of death are carved directly into the stone.
- The pulpit from the 17th century has a carving depicting St. Martins , the patron of the church, who shares his cloak with a beggar.
literature
- Dominique Foussard, Charles Huet, Mathieu Lours: Églises du Val-d'Oise. Pays de France, Vallée de Montmorency. Société d'Histoire et d'Archéologie de Gonesse et du Pays de France, 2nd edition, Gonesse 2011, ISBN 978-2-9531554-2-6 .
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Val-d'Oise. Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-84234-056-6 , pp. 489-491.
Web links
- Église Saint-Martin in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
Coordinates: 49 ° 5 ′ 53 " N , 2 ° 32 ′ 44" E