St-Pierre (Yzeure)
The Catholic parish church of Saint-Pierre in Yzeure , a parish in the Allier department in the French region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes , was built in the mid-12th century on the site of a chapel founded in the 9th century. Wall paintings from the 15th century have been preserved in the crypt . In 1914, the church was added to the list of architectural monuments ( Base Mérimée ) in France as Monument historique .
history
A chapel, which was founded in 850 and which belonged to the diocese of Autun , is considered to be the forerunner of today's church . It was elevated to church in 883 or 886 and consecrated to the apostle Peter . The current church was built in the first half of the 12th century, including the transept built in the 11th century. In 1150 the church was subordinated to the Benedictine abbey in Saint-Menoux and from then on served as both a priory and a parish church.
In the 15th century, the choir was rebuilt, on its north side, in place of the original Romanesque side aisle and its apsidiole , a two-bay chapel was built, the Chapelle de la Sainte Vierge (Lady Chapel). In the 15th and 16th centuries, the side chapels were added to the northern nave and the baptistery was added to the southern nave. In the early 17th century the bell tower was built above the first nave yoke, which originally rose above the crossing .
architecture
Portal facade and bell tower
The west facade dates from the Romanesque period. The main portal is cut into a narrow, covered with a stone wall panel roof projection under which a cornice of carved with heads corbels runs. The portal is framed by arched archivolts and pillars with capitals adorned with birds, human heads and plant motifs. A smaller portal, also framed by archivolts, opens to the right of the main portal. Next to the portals, three epitaphs from the 16th and 17th centuries are embedded in the wall.
The square bell tower is broken up by twin windows on two floors and crowned by a balustrade. Its current appearance dates from the restoration after a lightning strike in 1770.
inner space
The three-aisled nave is divided into four bays . The main nave is vaulted by a pointed barrel reinforced with belt arches . The side aisles and the crossing have groin vaults , the choir bay and the two transept arms are covered by barrel vaults and the apse is covered by a ribbed vault. The arches of the main nave are supported by half-columns, the arches of the side aisles by pilasters . The pointed arched central aisle arcades rest on pillars with pillars whose capitals - like those of the half-columns and pilasters - date from the Romanesque church building of the 12th century.
capital
capital
capital
capital
capital
In the Gothic Lady Chapel, which is covered with a ribbed vault, the ribs of the vault rest on consoles carved with the symbols of the four evangelists.
Bull, symbol of the Evangelist Luke
Lion, symbol of Mark the Evangelist
Eagle, symbol of John the Evangelist
Man, symbol of the evangelist Matthew
crypt
A crypt was uncovered under the choir in 1872, the dating of which varies between the 9th and 11th centuries. The three-bay crypt is covered by groin vaults that rest on pillars. The vaults were covered with paintings in the 15th century, which were restored in 1899. The poorly preserved paintings show a head of Christ with a cross nimbus , the symbols of the evangelists and angels holding banners with the invocations of Mary in Latin. In the crypt there was a confessio , a room under the main altar of the church where the relics of martyrs were kept. The relics could be seen through an opening in the ceiling at the foot of the altar, but nothing has survived.
crypt
crypt
Ceiling painting in the crypt
Ceiling painting in the crypt
Furnishing
See also: List of Monuments historiques (objects)
- The colored stone figure of a Madonna and Child comes from the 15th century.
- The colored stone figures of Saint Agnes of Rome and John the Baptist are also dated to the 15th century.
- In the Marienkapelle and the two brotherhood chapels of the transept arms, the chapel of the Rochusbruderschaft and the chapel of the Corpus Christi brotherhood , ornately carved benches for the church council (banc d'œuvre) have been preserved. The bench in the Marienkapelle and the bench of the Corpus Christi Brotherhood date from the 17th century, the bench of the Rochus Brotherhood is marked with the year 1897.
- The pulpit was created in 1623. The pulpit was originally decorated with carved figures of the four evangelists, one of whom was stolen.
- The carved and gilded crescent moon Madonna from the 18th century probably originally held the baby Jesus in her arms.
- Like the colored carved figures of the Apostle Peter and Saint Rochus of Montpellier, the group of figures of the Instruction of Mary is a work from the 18th century.
- The holy water font is marked with the year 1739.
Saint Agnes
John the Baptist
Instruction of Mary
Saint Roch
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes de l'Allier . Flohic Éditions, Volume 2, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-84234-053-1 , pp. 1109-1115.
- Église Saint-Pierre d'Yzeure . Information sheet, 2012.
Web links
- L'église Saint-Pierre www.randos-allier.com
- Monuments historiques (objects) in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture
Individual evidence
- ↑ Église Saint-Pierre in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Plaque funéraire in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Plaque funéraire in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Plaque funéraire in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Vierge à l'Enfant in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Sainte Agnès in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Saint Jean-Baptiste in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Banc d'oeuvre in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Chaire in Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Vierge au croissant in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ PM03001451 Saint Pierre in Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Saint Roch in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Bénitier in Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
Coordinates: 46 ° 34 ′ 0.1 ″ N , 3 ° 21 ′ 17 ″ E