St. Jacobus Church (Hilden)

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St. Jacobus Church (Hilden), view from the southwest
St. Jacobus Church (Hilden), view from the south
St. Jacobus Church (Hilden), interior view

The neo-Gothic St. Jacobus Church is the main church of the Catholic parish of St. Jacobus Hilden, which became one of the largest Catholic parishes of the Archdiocese of Cologne in 2010 through the merger of several predecessor parishes. The parish church is located at Mittelstrasse 10 in Hilden .

history

Until the end of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), the Catholic Church in Hilden was the church consecrated to St. Jacobus Maior (the elder) on today's market. After the Thirty Years' War, the Catholic community had to vacate the St. Jacobus Church in accordance with the provisions of the Peace of Westphalia (1648) because the Reformed preacher Johann Kohlhagen had preached there on January 1, 1624. The Reformed took over the old Catholic Church on October 1, 1650. They took all "ornamenta" (from Latin jewelry) from the church. The Catholic community of Hildens was "homeless". The services took place in the Stockshaus. Pastoral care was taken over by Premonstratensian Fathers from the Norbertine monastery Knechtsteden near Zons , secular priests and Fathers from the Capuchin monastery in Noven near Benrath (repealed in 1805 and demolished in 1934).

The former Catholic church on today's market was only called the “Evangelical Church” from then on until it was named “ Reformation Church” in 1958 , as the “Church of the Redeemer” was built in the south of the city as the second Evangelical church.

Today's St. Jacobus Church in Hilden in the upper Mittelstrasse is the third Catholic church building at the same location. Pastor Franz Rütger Gerretz, later also the country dean, rented a house for himself on Ulrichskuhle (corner of Mittelstrasse / Hochdahler Strasse) in 1680. It was purchased in 1722, including the garden, for 550 Reichsthalers. This house was called the church house. It served as an apartment and a chapel. In 1682 the pastor had a small wooden church built next door. As a result, Hilden now had two village centers: at today's market and at the Kuhle.

As industrialization began, more and more Catholics came to Hilden in the 18th century. In 1745, work began on the first massive stone building on the site where the wooden church had previously stood. The stones came from a local quarry on the site of today's forest barracks on Elberfelder Straße. The construction required the sum of 8,750 Reichsthalers. With the approval of Clemens August von Bayern, who ruled as Archbishop of Cologne and Elector at the time, and his auxiliary bishop, the church was consecrated on June 8, 1749 by the Münster auxiliary bishop Franz Bernardin Verbeck (1686-1756) St. Jacobus the Elder. Sonnen, Wennig and others erroneously name Antonius of Padua as the namesake of the church, because they were not yet aware of the church's chronicle published by Müller in 1988. Only the altar on the epistle side of the church was consecrated by Verbeck in honor of Antonius of Padua and the hermit Antonius . In the period that followed, the community undertook several renovations and new buildings.

After the Catholic community continued to grow, the quarry stone church was replaced by the current brick church from 1872 to 1882. The main part of the current church was built in two construction phases. The first construction phase took place from 1872 to 1873. The rest of the extension was completed in 1881 and 1882 after the old stone church was demolished.

The original plans for the new building came from the Münster architect August Rincklake (1843–1915). The construction management was entrusted to the Franciscan brother Paschalis (civil: Theodor Gratze, 1819-1896), who came from Werden (Ruhr) and who also became known as a church builder, who changed Rincklake's plans. The quarry stone tower of the old church from 1745, which the authorities wanted to preserve, was given a brick structure that differs significantly from the old substructure. The construction was carried out by the company Carl Nebel, Hilden.

On Whit Monday, May 20, 1872, Aloys Theodor Kaiser (* October 28, 1803 in Huckingen ; † February 2, 1879), pastor of St. Martinus Richrath , laid the foundation stone. On March 25, 1873, the first service was held in the older part of the church. It was completed after the old stone church was torn down. The name day of Saint Jacob is July 25th. This was the occasion to solemnly hold the first service on July 30, 1882 in the completed church. The church was only consecrated nine years later on October 12, 1891 by the Cologne Auxiliary Bishop Anton Fischer (1840–1912). Their patron saint is the apostle James the Elder .

The parsonage of the Catholic parish of St. Jacobus at Mühlenstrasse 8 was built from the rubble stones of the old Catholic church from 1881 to 1882 and was built by the two vicars Jacob Hochgürtel (* May 9, 1845 in Kuchenheim ; † January 16, 1887) and Friedrich Johann Hülsebusch (born June 4, 1848 in Steele ). Because the community continued to grow rapidly, the sextonry, then the parish school, the old vicariate, and from 1898 to 1899 the new vicariate were built.

The church has been under monument protection since October 6, 1987: List of monuments of the city of Hilden , No. 33. Due to the age of the building, adjustments and renovations have to be made again and again.

Furnishing

St. Jacobus Church, location of the windows

The building has three naves, rich in columns, bases and capitals and has three apses. The main and side aisles each consist of six bays. The semicircular brick arch row with short sturdy black columns and flower capitals emphasizes the vastness and tranquility of the church. The Romanesque arcades to the side aisles rest on angular pillars with four neat columns. The groin vault covering the room is kept in soft red tones. The gray of the half-columns contrasts with the red trapezoidal capitals with light tendrils.

window

The Catholic parish church is characterized by the room-enclosing glass painting in its late Gothic, pointed-arched windows. Manufactured using old technology, these transparent works of art, which are as rich in detail as they are colorful in their figure and ornament, make the church shine. The windows of the choirs and the nave were designed and executed from 1895 to 1902 by the royal Saxon court glass painting Hertel & Lersch, Düsseldorf. Seventeen windows are foundations of Catholic associations, the parish priests and individual parishioners, whose donors are shown in the individual windows. The remaining funds for the windows and the other equipment of the church were raised through regular Sunday collections. The window in the Marienkapelle was only made after 1946. From 1992 to 1998 the windows were restored by the glass painting workshops Hein Derix in Kevelaer. All windows have been re-leaded and some have been provided with protective glazing.

Longhouse

  • Window above the entrance to the sacristy

  • The pelican feeds its young with its blood (N1)

The ornamental window (N1) above the entrance to the sacristy is richly decorated with vine leaves and shows in its center the pelican who feeds his young with his blood, according to Christian iconography a symbol for Jesus Christ and his sacrificial death.

  • Representations of saints in the nave

  • Aloisius of Gonzaga (N4)

  • Bernhard of Clairvaux (N3)

  • Sebastianus (N2)

  • Francis of Assisi (S1, 1900)

  • Francis de Sales (S2, 1900)

  • Maria Magdalena (S3, 1900)

  • Cecilia of Rome (S4, 1898)

  • Vincent de Paul (S5)

The other windows of the nave are dedicated to eight saints in a closed cycle. They are positioned centrally in the window, mostly as standing figures, and are accompanied by individually designed ornamental tracks. In detail you can see: on the north side Aloisius von Gonzaga (N4), Bernhard von Clairvaux (N3), and Sebastianus (N2); on the south side Franz von Assisi (S1), Franz von Sales (S2), Maria Magdalena (S3), Cäcilia von Rom (Cäcilia at the organ, S4) and Vincent von Paul (S5). Six of these windows can be shared with the founders Catholic Journeyman Association and Marian Youth Congregation (N4), Catholic Business Association Rhenania (N3), St. Sebastianus Schützenverein (N2), Christine Bähr, geb. Krey (S1), Hilden Parish (S2 and S3) and Church Choir Cäcilia (S4). The church choir, then still a male choir, donated the window on the occasion of its silver jubilee.

Choir with conches

  • Main themes of the choir windows

  • Elisabeth of Thuringia (C1, 1900)

  • Mary gives St. Dominic the rosary (C2, 1900)

  • Crucifixion of Christ (C3, 1899)

  • Birth of Christ (C4, 1898)

  • Heart of Jesus (C5, 1895)

  • The Last Supper (C6, 1898)

  • Coronation of Mary (C7, 1898)

  • The Holy Family in Nazareth (C8, 1898)

  • Joseph's death (C9, 1900)

The two windows, which are located in the Marienchörchen behind the Marien Altar with the Pietà, are closely related to the Catholic associations that donated the windows. The left window is dedicated to St. Elisabeth of Thuringia (C1) and was donated by the St. Elisabeth Association. It shows Elisabeth distributing bread to the hungry. The Wartburg can be seen in the background . The lower fields of the window show Elisabeth on her deathbed and her burial. The right window, Mary hands the rosary to St. Dominic (C2), was donated by the Association of the Living Rosary and the Marian Congregation for Virgins; the images below show the Annunciation to Mary and Mary with Elisabeth ( Mariä Visitation ). The windows of the main choir show events from the life of Jesus Christ. The subject of the window on the far left (C3) is the crucifixion of Christ . It was donated by the Hilden parish. The church doctors Ambrosius and Gregorius are shown below. The next window shows the birth of Christ (C4) and below the evangelists Matthew and John . It was donated by Wilhelm Ferdinand Lieven , who was later made an honorary citizen by the city of Hilden . The central window of the main choir, St. Herz Jesu appears to Margareta Maria Alacoque (C5), was presented by parishioners as an honorary gift to Vicar Hülsebusch, who was appointed parish administrator in Bürvenich in 1895 . The two patron saints of the church, James the Elder and Anthony of Padua , can also be seen in the lower part of this window . The next window shows The Last Supper (C6) and was donated by the Hilden parish. The evangelists Luke and Mark can be seen in the lower image fields of this window . The main theme of the last window of the main choir is the Coronation of Mary (C7) and is a gift from Pastor Robert Schmitz (born January 31, 1836 in Jackerath ; † May 6, 1917). In the lower segments of this window the church teachers Hieronymus and Augustine are shown. The last two choir windows are in the Josephschörchen. The Holy Family in Nazareth (C8) can be seen in the left of the two windows, which was donated by the Catholic Workers' Association . In the pictures below you can see the engagement of Mary to Joseph and the flight to Egypt . The window on the far right was donated by the Hilden parish and, with its theme, Joseph's death (C9), is directly related to the Joseph Schörchen; in the lower parts of the window the Holy Family on the way to Jerusalem and the discovery of the 12-year-old Jesus in the temple.

Baptistery and Lady Chapel

  • Angel window in the baptistery

  • Angel with a crown (N5, around 1910)

  • Angel with a palm branch (N6, around 1910)

In the three windows of the baptistery we find three golden shining angels against a dark blue background, the outer one holding a crown (N5 and N7), the middle one holding a palm branch (N6). The crown stands for the "crown of life", the palm branch for the "palm of martyrdom". The semicircular window above the back door of the Lady Chapel shows the wedding at Cana (N8). Like the Marienkapelle itself, it was only built after 1946.

St. Jacobus
Sebastianus
Pietà
Protective mantle Madonna

Statue of St. Jacobus

To the left of the main choir, the namesake of the church, St. Jacobus, is enthroned as a pilgrim with the shell . The figure comes from the church on today's market. Its core is made of oak and is assigned to the 15th century. The hat with a gold-plated pilgrim shell and the hand with the pilgrim's staff are more recent additions. The figure wears a black scapular over the white undergarment, a long upper garment without sleeves. This consists of a long strip of fabric that hangs down in front of the chest and on the back to the hem of the undergarment and is held together with a belt at the waist. Above it hangs a full-length, gilded coat with painted ornamental stripes on the hems, which is open in the front area of ​​the figure. Assumptions made in the 1980s, according to which the statue came from the workshop of the master of Elsloo , could not be confirmed on the occasion of a later restoration and appraisal.

Statue of St. Sebastianus

To the left of the entrance to the baptistery is the approximately 1.20 m high statue of St. Sebastianus in an elevated position on a wall plinth. The polychrome wooden figure shows the otherwise naked body of the martyr, covered only with a loincloth, pierced with arrows and tied to a tree trunk.

Sanctuary

In the Marienchörchen there is a Pietà on the Mother of God altar . The polychrome group of sculptures with Mary and the dead Jesus on her lap was dated to the middle of the 17th century. The Lower Rhine artist is unknown. The figure, made of hardwood, is composed of a central block of wood with several additions (arms of Chisti, hand of Mary and fingers of Christ). The current version may be from the 19th century.

The Easter candlestick and the bronze tabernacle in the Joseph Schörchen date from 1997. They were designed by the artist Maria Jesús Ortíz de Fernández (* 1954, Santiago de Chile), who lives at Castle Engelsdorf near Aldenhoven . The tabernacle shows the burning bush, pilgrims on the Way of St. James, the walk of the Israelites through the Red Sea and on the back the cross of Jesus Christ.

Way of the Cross

Christ's Way of the Cross is shown on 14 bronze panels. The first part of the Way of the Cross begins on the south wall of the nave under the window of Francis of Assisi (S1). On the opposite wall, the path ends with six stations, starting under the window of St. Sebastianus. The reliefs were created in 1958 by the sculptor Ottmar Hollmann, who lives in Düsseldorf . The artist created another copy of this Way of the Cross for the Franciscan monastery in Düsseldorf (demolished in 2017).

Baptistery

Behind the north wall is the polygonal baptistery attached to the tower. The small room is illuminated by light golden angels from three windows. The simply designed baptismal font rests on a column that tapers towards the top. Both are made of granite, the basin is covered with a bronze hood. Next to it is a 1.30 m high candelabra. The slender, upwardly tapering bronze column shows a scallop shell at its base, above it the raised relief of St. Jacob's Church, from which the Way of St. James winds up in a spiral.

Lady Chapel

Shortly after the end of the Second World War , a breakthrough in the north wall of the church tower was used to create the Marienkapelle, which was inaugurated on August 10, 1947. The chapel should be the expression of thanks to the Mother of God for saving the city of Hilden from destruction. In the chapel, also known as St. Mary's Grotto, the walls of which still show the quarry stone masonry of the previous church, there has been a monochrome, carved wooden, seated Madonna in protective cloak with the baby Jesus on her lap since September 26, 1949 . Her cloak is held by two angels. Princes and clergy find protection under the mantle.

organ

organ

The organ on the west gallery was built by the company Karl Schuke, Berliner Orgelwerkstatt GmbH .

The planning was carried out by Friedhelm Hohmann in collaboration with the cathedral organist Josef Zimmermann from Cologne. Ernst Bittcher and KJ Bollenbeck from Cologne made the organ case. Wolfgang Kobischke and Gijsbertus Thijs performed the intonation.

The organ is framed by a filigree, richly decorated wooden balustrade with a built-in positive back and a carved figure of St. Cecilia on the organ front .

I main work C – a 3
1. Night horn 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. Wooden flute 8th'
4th Gemshorn 8th'
5. Gamba 8th'
6th Octave 4 ′
7th recorder 4 ′
8th. Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
9. octave 2 ′
10. Cornet IV-V (from f 0 )
11. Mixture V
12. Zimbel III
13. Trumpet 16 ′
14th Trumpet 8th'
15th Trumpet 4 ′
Rückpositiv C – a 3
16. Principal 8th'
17th Dumped 8th'
18th Quintad 8th'
19th Praestant 4 ′
20th Pointed flute 4 ′
21st Schwegel 2 ′
22nd Sesquialtera II
23. Fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
24. Scharff IV
25th Dulcian 16 ′
26th Krummhorn 8th'
27. Vox humana 8th'
Tremulant
III Swell C – a 3
28. Bourdon 16 ′
29 Reed flute 8th'
30th Violin principal 8th'
31. Salizonal 8th'
32. Vox coelestis 8th'
33. Principal 4 ′
34. Transverse flute 4 ′
35. Nasard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
36. Bach flute 2 ′
37. third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
38. Piccolo 1'
39. Mixture VI
40. Basson 16 ′
41. Trumpet harm. 8th'
42. oboe 8th'
43. Clarino 4 ′
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
44. Principal 16 ′
45. Sub bass 16 ′
46. Drone 16 ′
47. Fifth 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
48. octave 8th'
49. Bass flute 8th'
50. Choral bass 4 ′
51. Pommer 4 ′
52. Back set IV
53. trombone 16 ′
54. Trumpet 8th'
55. Trumpet 4 ′
  • Pairing :
    • Normal coupling: II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
    • 792 setter combinations with sequential switching

Bells

The three bells (chimes: es' f 'g') from 1910 come from the bell founder Carl Maximilian Hubert Edelbrock, Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock , Gescher. They swing according to the "Pater noster" chime:

  • Pater noster (previously: Praise to God No. 378, now: Praise to God No. 589.3)
  • Mary, spread out your cloak (previously: Praise to God No. 949, now: Praise to God No. 849)
  • Requiem, intr. Missa Pro Defunctis
  • Vidi aquam, Antiphon Tempore Paschali (previously: Praise of God no. 424,2; now: Praise of God no. 125)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dorothee Schmidt-Elmendorff: Hilden: New parish is called St. Jacobus. Rheinische Post , March 25, 2009, accessed on April 26, 2019 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Gerd Müller (Ed.): Chronicle of the Catholic Church Community Hilden (1651–1955) in: Niederbergische Posts, Volume 52, Hilden 1988.
  3. ↑ a b Wolfgang Wennig: On church life in Hilden since 1650 in: Hilden yesterday and today, Hilden 1977, pp. 83–86.
  4. ^ Eduard Hegel (ed.): History of the Archdiocese of Cologne , Vol. 4, Cologne 1979, p. 151.
  5. ↑ Ernst Huckenbeck: The Reformation Church in Hilden , Museum and Heimatverein Hilden e. V., Hilden 2007, ISBN 978-3-9804615-9-7
  6. ↑ Wilhelm Joseph Sonnen: The St. Jakobus parish church in Hilden, news about the new building, the interior fittings in the years 1872–1882 and its builder , in: Romerike Berge. Vol. 11, No. 1, 1961/62, ISSN  0485-4306 , pp. 1-11.
  7. ^ A b c d Anton Schneider: The Catholic parish Hilden-Haan since 1808 in: Contributions to the history of Hilden and Haan and their surroundings, Hilden 1900
  8. ↑ http://www.zeitspurensuche.de/02/kirchha1.htm#Hilden-Jacobus under: Church buildings in the Bergisches Land / NRW, Haan and Hilden
  9. ↑ Michael Kremer: Hilden: It crumbles in the vault. Westdeutsche Zeitung , September 18, 2008, accessed April 26, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Petra Czyperek: Hilden damage to St. Jacobus. Rheinische Post , October 26, 2008, accessed on April 26, 2019 .
  11. ↑ a b c d Astrid Schoene: Hilden: Magic of sacral glass painting. Rheinische Post , May 8, 2009, accessed on April 26, 2019 .
  12. ↑ a b c d Eight saints set in lead , in: Westdeutsche Zeitung of September 24, 2010.
  13. ↑ Stefan Schneider: Hilden: Eight saints in lead. Westdeutsche Zeitung , September 24, 2010, accessed on April 26, 2019 .
  14. ^ Eduard Trier (Ed.): Art of the 19th Century in the Rhineland, Vol. 3, Painting , Düsseldorf 1980, pp. 291–305
  15. ↑ Wilhelm Feldhaus: St. James the Elder - a late Gothic sculpture in the parish church of the same name in Hilden- in: Hildener Jahrbuch 1983, New Series, Volume IV, Hilden 1983, pp. 101–111.
  16. ^ The St. Jacobus Church in Hilden , leaflet, Museum and Heimatverein Hilden eV, 2005
  17. ↑ Joachim Schmiedl : Modern sacred art from medieval castle walls - The artist couple Fernández-Ortíz , In: REGNUM , 43rd year 2009, volume 2., pp. 61–65. PDF file
  18. ↑ Ilka Platzek: Hilden: Children go the way of the cross. Rheinische Post , March 27, 2013, accessed on April 26, 2019 .
  19. ↑ Disposition of the large Schuke organ in St. Jacobus [1]
  20. ↑ Characteristics of the bells [2]

Web links

Commons : St. Jakobus (Hilden)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 51 ° 10 ′ 9.6 ″  N , 6 ° 56 ′ 20.3 ″  E