St. Marien and St. Nikolai Cemetery I
The St. Marien and St. Nikolai Cemetery I (also the old cemetery of the St. Nikolai and St. Marien parishes ) is a cemetery on Prenzlauer Allee No. 1 in the Prenzlauer Berg district of the Berlin district of Pankow .
history
The cemetery was opened by the parishes of the Marienkirche and the Nikolaikirche at Prenzlauer Tor within the excise wall on July 27, 1802 and expanded in 1814 and 1847 - to a total of 35,400 m². In 1858, not far from Prenzlauer Allee No. 7, a new piece of land was bought, the new one, or the St. Marien and St. Nikolai Cemetery II .
The cemetery has been extensively restored in recent years. Above all, the almost closed east wall with hereditary burials of different architectural styles has been preserved. The north wall was destroyed in the battle for Berlin . The main administration of the Hitler Youth was located opposite in the former Jonaß department store . The defenders, including members of the Hitler Youth, had holed up behind these hereditary funerals.
After the cemetery was closed for funerals in 1970, it reopened in 1995. Lush vegetation developed during the long break . This was retained in some areas. Some grave crosses from the Royal Prussian Iron Foundry have been preserved in this cemetery . There is a stone relief by Ernst Wenck above the main entrance . It represents the path of man from birth to death.
Graves of important personalities
(* = Honor grave of the state of Berlin)
- Bernhard Rode (1) * (1725–1797), painter and etcher (moved here from the built-up rifle cemetery; tomb donated by the Academy of Arts in 1852)
- Christian Johann Richter (2) (1743–1814) (hereditary burial of the Richter family, oldest grave)
- Franz Daniel Friedrich Wadzeck (3) (1762–1823), professor, librarian, orphanage founder (Wadzeckstraße)
- Konrad Gottlieb Ribbeck (4) * (1759–1826), honorary citizen, theologian, provost to St. Nicolai
- Gotthilf Benjamin Keibel (5) (1770–1835), major general
- Friedrich Gottlieb von Halle (6) (1780–1841), banker, tomb from 1819
- Theodor Heinsius (1770–1849), educator, director of the grammar school for the gray monastery
- Karl Ludwig Friedrich von Hinckeldey (7) * (1805-1856), police chief in Berlin, (bust of Friedrich Wilhelm Holbein )
- Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Knoblauch (8) (1793–1859), silk manufacturer, Prussian Privy Finance Council, city elder, city councilor in Berlin
- Ludwig Jonas (9) * (1797-1859), preacher
- Carl Ritter (10) (1779–1859), co-founder of the Society for Geography in Berlin
- Heinrich Wilhelm Keibel (11) (1792–1860), soap manufacturer, city councilor, city elder (Keibelstrasse)
- Eduard Knoblauch (12) * (1801–1865), architect
- Karl Wilhelm Kläden (13) (1802–1867), preacher, inspector of the Schindler orphanage (tombstone with portrait medallion, which - as of 2012 - no longer exists)
- Karl Immanuel Nitzsch (14) (1787–1868), provost to St. Nikolai
- Christian Wilhelm Brose (15) (1781–1870), banker (mausoleum of the Brose family from 1814/15, probably based on a design by Karl Friedrich Schinkel )
- Johann Julius Wilhelm Spindler (16) (1810–1873), founder of the dye works and laundry (designed by Walter Kyllmann , 1886), Spindlersfeld is named after him
- Gustav Rose (17) (1798–1873), mineralogist
- Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg (18) * (1795–1876), zoologist, ecologist and geologist
- August Wilhelm Bach (1796–1869), composer and organist, director of the Royal Music Institute
- Heinrich Wilhelm Dove (19) * (1803–1879), physicist and meteorologist
- Julius Müllensiefen (20) (1811-1893), preacher to St. Marien
- Friedrich Hofmann (1820–1895), city school councilor, director of the grammar school for the gray monastery
- Alfred Boretius (21) (1836–1900), lawyer, employee of the Monumenta Germaniae Historica , journalist
- Carl Spindler (16) * (1841–1902), entrepreneur
- Bruno Brückner (22) (1824–1905), provost and general superintendent of Berlin
- Heinrich Siegmund Blanckertz (23) (1823–1908), founder of the German steel spring industry
- Ludwig Wessel (24) (1879–1922), Protestant pastor
- Hermann Bauke (25) (1886–1928), professor of theology in Kiel
- Heinrich Wilhelm Dove (19) (1853–1931), city councilor, member of the Reichstag
- Rudolf Blanckertz (26) (1862–1935), nib manufacturer and founder of the writing museum
- Alexander Weiß (1863–1937), Royal Prussian Horticultural Director
- Wilhelm Haendler (27) (1863–1938), General Superintendent of Berlin
- Reinhold von Sydow (1851–1943), Prussian Minister of State
- Franz Mett (1904–1944), communist and resistance fighter
- Fritz Mierau (1934–2018), Slavist, literary historian, translator, editor and author
Schumann-Recke inheritance funeral, sculpture by Otto Stichling , approx. 1906
Tomb of Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg
Hereditary funeral of the Police President Hinckeldey
Burial sites of architectural interest
- Mausoleum of the Hildebrand family (40), built in 1851
- Mausoleum of the Leo family (41), built in 1851
- Mausoleum of the Kux family (42), built in 1871, renovated in 1993
- Wall grave of the Franz family in the form of a portal (43), first hereditary burial in 1862
- Grave of Justizrat Kurt Ackermann with grave figure "Flora" in marble by Wilhelm Wandschneider , 1902
- Schumann-Recke grave with larger-than-life mourners by Otto Stichling (44), around 1906
Former burial sites
- Friedrich Gedike (1754–1803), educator, director of the grammar school for the gray monastery
- Gustav Köpke (1773–1837), educator, philologist and theologian, director of the grammar school for the gray monastery
- Johann Joachim Bellermann (1754–1842), theologian and Semiticist , director of the Gray Monastery high school
- Heinrich Rose (1795–1864), discoverer of niobium
- August Wilhelm Bach (1796–1869), composer and organist
- Carl Siechen († 1869), German entrepreneur, restaurateur and founder of the Siechen beer house
- Adolph Friedrich Riedel (1809–1872), archivist and historian
- Johann Friedrich Bellermann (1795–1874), philologist and pedagogue, director of the Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster (tombstone with portrait medallion by Alexander Gilli )
- Johann Christian Poggendorff (1796–1877), physicist
- Johann Gustav Stahn (1806–1878), Senior Consistorial Councilor and member of the Evangelical Upper Church Council of the Old Prussian Union
- Eduard Mandel (1810–1882), engraver
- Julius Friedländer (1813–1884), numismatist
- Max von Forckenbeck (1821–1892), lawyer, politician and from 1878 to 1892 mayor of Berlin
- Paul Jeserich (1854–1927), court chemist, inventor of forensic photography and microphotography
- Erich Groschuff (1874–1921), German chemist
Of controversial interest was Horst Wessel's grave , which was destroyed immediately after the end of the war, but was still recognizable until 2013. Joseph Goebbels had the inconspicuous grave of the Wessel family costly redesigned in marble as a national memorial. Horst Wessel's German national father Ludwig Wessel , who died in 1922, was the pastor of the Nikolai congregation, and after 1945 the parish did not want to do without the grave of its old pastor. Until 2013 a marble fragment bearing the letters Ludwig W reminded him of him. In 2000, an anti-fascist gravedigger committee admitted to digging there and throwing all the remains of bones of the Wessel family into the Spree . According to the police, however, the digging was only superficial. The perpetrators were never identified. His grave was removed from the cemetery in June 2013 after it had become a place of pilgrimage for neo-Nazis since the fall of the Wall .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Not to be confused with his brother Johann Carl Stahn (1808-1891), preacher at the Friedrichswerder church and consistorial councilor in the consistory of the province of Brandenburg, or with the father of the two, Johann Gottfried Stahn (1764-1849), archdeacon to St. Marien .
- ^ Theo Schneider (2013): Right cult of the dead. In: look to the right. August 8, 2013. Retrieved August 8, 2013 .
Coordinates: 52 ° 31 '39.4 " N , 13 ° 25' 3.4" E