St. Anna (Sauerlach)
The pilgrimage chapel St. Anna is a late Baroque Roman Catholic field chapel in the so-called Stauchartinger Feld , which belongs to the municipality of Sauerlach in the Upper Bavarian district of Munich . It is looked after by the parish of St. Andreas , which, together with the former parishes of St. Michael in Arget (since 2007) and St. Margaret in Altkirchen (since 2012), forms the Sauerlach parish in the Ottobrunn deanery of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising .
History of Staucharting
The well visible barrows in the northeast are the silent witnesses of settlement activities in the earlier Hallstatt period . Numerous pools in today's Deisenhofen Forest offered favorable conditions for early human settlement. One of these pools, the so-called deer fountain , has been preserved to this day.
Staucharting was first mentioned in 1017 as a student rating in the oldest monastery book of the Tegernsee monastery , which means something like "With the descendants of Studrat". The first documentary mention can be found in 1285 in a fiefdom letter from the same Benedictine abbey. Accordingly, the settlement then consisted of three courtyards and two hubs . It is noticeable that from 1530 no more farms were listed. Around this time a serious change in the settlement structure must have taken place, which is probably due to one of the plague epidemics of that time. As a result, at least the cultivation area was reduced and the two hubs were combined into a swath .
In the Upper German-speaking area, a Schwaighof describes a manorial farm that focuses on cattle breeding. The surrounding oak forest offered ideal conditions for fattening pigs. The historical data provide clear information about this: "There are 100 pigs to be kept if it is good, but where there is an abundance of [acorns] 200 pigs."
In the course of secularization , the property was redeemed and the Schwaige was taken over as property by the owner at the time, Johann Portenlänger. The owners of the Schwaige can then be traced back to 1856 in a complete sequence. This year the story of the Schwaige Staucharting ends. With 170 Tagwerk Grund it was sold by the last owner Hanns Portenlänger for 15,000 guilders to the Royal Bavarian Forstarkar, today's Bavarian State Forests . The buildings were then demolished and the fields reforested. The only thing left was the St. Anna chapel, the layout of which was designed by the Royal Bavarian District Forester Ludwig Eichheim from Deisenhofen in autumn 1859.
History and furnishings of the chapel
The late baroque chapel was the youngest building of the former Schwaige Staucharting. The Schwaiger Melchior Seidl built a small stone church in honor of Saint Anne between 1692 and 1693 not far from his courtyard , probably the size of today's chancel. The builder must have died at this time, because his widow Magdalena, born in 1694, was married. Kögelsberger, testified by the farmer's son Andreas Humpl from Arget .
In a letter dated March 14, 1701, he turned to the then Freising Prince-Bishop Johann Franz Eckher von Kapfing and Liechteneck for his consent to expand the chapel due to the increasing number of visitors to the Schwaige Staucharting. After Humpl had declared in court that he would donate a field for the maintenance of the chapel, the requested permission was granted to him on July 18, 1701. The income from the donated field benefited the respective Sauerlach pastor.
The building cost 311 guilders and 20 kreuzers ( schillings ). The chapel also had two bells - one of which is today's death bell in the steeple of the Sauerlach parish church of St. Andreas . The measuring chalice was also charged with 34 guilders and 48 kreuzers and the case with two guilders. In addition, there was a portrait of Anna the third from 1520 in the chapel .
The structural expansion in 1701 was soon no longer sufficient due to the large number of visitors, so that a little later the east side of the chapel was supplemented with a roof porch. However, too many people crowded into the small chapel on the days when Holy Mass was celebrated. As a result, the Sauerlach pastor, Franz Pockschiz, unceremoniously moved the event outside from 1725. Probably around 1711 the now traditional horse ride developed on Annatag .
Episcopal consecration took place in 1824 . When the Schwaige Staucharting was demolished in 1856 and the reforestation was decided, the Sauerlach parish intervened at the Royal Bavarian Finance Chamber and was able to prove that the St. Anna church was not a mere private chapel of the local Schwaiger, but a public church. As a result, the chapel and its inventory were transferred to the Sauerlach Church Foundation in 1857 with an area of three decimal places .
On December 23, 1954, a storm hit the chapel severely and partially destroyed the roof and tower. At Pentecost in 1971, an unknown perpetrator broke into the chapel and stole most of the votive tablets and parts of the altar. Since then, the precious figures including the portrait of Anna Selbdritt have been kept in a safe place and only come to the chapel on the occasion of the St. Anna festival. Of the originally more than 100 individual votive tablets - the oldest was from 1711 - three are still in the Bavarian National Museum in Munich .
Patronage and pilgrimage
The pilgrimage chapel is consecrated to Saint Anne , who in several apocryphal writings from the 2nd to 6th centuries is regarded as the mother of Mary and thus the grandmother of Jesus Christ . Until today there is a pilgrimage to the chapel in Staucharting every year on July 26th, Annatag . Numerous petitioners from the surrounding villages of Sauerlach, Arget, Altkirchen , Oberhaching and Oberbiberg meet for a field fair followed by a horse blessing.
The three wooden maids
The aborted Schwaige Staucharting the middle of the forest solitude location of Deisenhofener Forst, surrounds still a mysterious atmosphere that occasionally rise to legends offers and legends: Thus says the local people that three in the basement of the local biggest court frequently Wood Miss to see were. These forest creatures were very hardworking and helped the residents in the household. For example, the farmer's wife put the so-called “Grüahret”, or whole milk, in the cellar so that the wooden maids could make butter from it. The mythical creatures also stretch flax . However, the wood maids were completely unclothed, so the farmer's wife put three linen shirts down for them as thanks for the work they had done. Since that day, however, the wooden maids have not been seen and have not been seen in the whole area.
Others
The St. Anna Chapel is listed as a monument under the list number D-1-84-141-18 in the Bavarian list of monuments. The deserted area of the Schwaige Staucharting is there under the number D-1-8035-0156.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c St. Anna Festival. In: Sauerlach.de. Municipality of Sauerlach, accessed on April 2, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c d e Reinhold Löschinger: Staucharting . In: Förderverein Heimatfreunde Sauerlach e. V. (Ed.): Sauerlach - The gateway to the Bavarian Oberland . Sauerlach 2000, p. 131 ff .
- ↑ Wolfgang Rotzsche: Up to 200 pigs per year were fattened in Staucharting. In: Merkur.de. Münchener Zeitungs-Verlag, April 25, 2009, accessed on April 2, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c Ludwig Wagner: B 322/1 . Ed .: Sauerlach community archive.
- ^ Franz Paul Zauner: Munich's surroundings in art and history . Nahr & Funk publishing house, Munich 1911, p. 339 .
- ^ Karl Hobmair: Hachinger Heimatbuch . Oberhaching 1979, p. 350 f .
- ↑ Ignaz Weiss: Calendar for Catholic Christians . 1862.
- ↑ Willy Rett: Old Bavarian sagas. Selected by the youth literature committee of the Munich district teachers' association . 9th year. Propylaea, Munich 1906.
Coordinates: 47 ° 58 ′ 55.7 " N , 11 ° 37 ′ 10.8" E