St. Ulrich (Stockheim)
The St. Ulrichs Church in Stockheim , an incorporated district of Brackenheim in the Heilbronn district in Baden-Württemberg , is a Catholic parish church attested to since 1296 , which in its current form dates back to a new building from 1513/14.
history
A chapel in Stockheim was first mentioned in a donation from Rudolf von Neuffen to the monastery of the Holy Sepulcher in Speyer in 1296. The chapel was then consecrated to Saint Catherine and was under the control of the church in Güglingen . From the 14th to the 19th century, Stockheim and with it the church belonged to the Teutonic Order .
In 1495, the German master Andreas von Grumbach donated a benefice for the St. Mary's altar in the chapel, which probably also formed the basis for the new building that followed. The new building in 1513/14 was probably initiated jointly by the German Order and the community, as both coats of arms are next to each other above the choir arch. The nave was enlarged by the builder Dionysius Böblinger from Esslingen . Böblinger's brother-in-law or son-in-law, Stefan Waid , was also involved in the new building. For a long time, Waid was seen as the only builder of the church, and a (modern) inscription in the church also identifies him as the builder. However, he was only employed by Böblinger, whose stonemason's mark was discovered above the door of the old sacrament house. The imposing late Gothic winged altar was built around 1530. The central figure in the central shrine is Saint Ulrich , to whom the entire newly built church was dedicated.
On November 12, 1535, the church received its first pastor, and Stockheim became an independent parish a little later . Due to the membership of the Teutonic Order, the church remained Catholic even after the Reformation, which otherwise took place in large parts of the Württemberg region . During the first renovation in 1590, the stone pulpit was erected, the tower followed in 1592, and the side altars were added in 1627.
In 1812 a new cemetery was laid out outside of the village, so that the old cemetery around the church could gradually be used as a building site for structural extensions. In 1857 the aisle and the sacristy were added to the south, and the church was renovated in 1865. In 1885, during a renovation under Georg von Morlok , the nave was given a wooden ceiling with ornamental painting. The church was renovated again in 1936 and 1981 and most recently in 2007, with the exterior facade of the church being renewed.
description
The Ulrichskirche is a two-aisled church building with a choir built in the middle of the gable side of the main nave to the east and a tower next to the choir to the north. The north facade, west gable, choir and tower base are plastered with exposed sandstone corners and windows, the south side with the attached side aisle and sacristy is completely made of sandstone as stone work .
The choir has a stone net vault , the nave is spanned by a wooden barrel vault. In the choir there is a late Gothic winged altar , on the side of the choir arch there is a cross altar and an altar of Mary. The pulpit on the north wall was made in 1590 from several large sandstone blocks. The staircase, parapet and plinth have rich, partly unfinished decorations with various symbols and tracery . In the west side of the nave there is a one-story gallery running around three sides , on which the church organ is located.
The coat of arms of the German master Andreas von Grumbach, founder of the tower, is embedded in the western tower facade. On the south facade is the historic tomb of the Teutonic Order bailiff Hans Scharpff, who died in 1564.
pulpit
Grumbach-Wappenstein in the tower facade
Scharpff tomb on the south facade
Main altar
The main altar is a carved late Gothic winged altar , which was probably made around 1530. The paintings on the altar wings are probably by the Heilbronn master Jerg Kugler , who is said to have worked on the altar of St. Vitus's Church in Flein , which is similar in many details .
The open altar shrine shows St. Ulrich with miter, shepherd's staff, book and fish in the middle . It is flanked on the left by Peter with a key and on the right by Paul with a sword. The wings show the martyrs Sebastian and Veit . Above the shrine, a crucifixion group can be seen in the cracks : Jesus flanked by Mary and John . Mary is enthroned above, flanked by God the Father with the globe in his hand and the Son of God with the globe on his knees. The upper end is again the church patron St. Ulrich.
The predella (altar pedestal) with a tabernacle added later in 1931 shows four doctors of the church: Pope Gregory with a book and tiara as headgear, Bishop Ambrose with a book, Jerome as a cardinal, and Bishop Augustine with a burning heart. Together with these church fathers, the four evangelists are symbolically represented, John by the eagle next to Gregory, Mark by the lion next to Ambrose, Luke by the bull in front of Jerome and Matthew by the human being in the form of Augustine. The painted exterior of the altar wing shows a scene of the Annunciation, on the left wing you can see St. Catherine and on the right St. Elisabeth with her daughter Gertrud .
The shrine of the altar is 188 cm wide and 255 cm high. With the altar table, the altar has a total height of almost eight meters. The altar has always been in the choir of the Ulrichskirche. It was repainted and revised in 1865/66, freed from the overpainting in 1936 and restored in 1982.
Church patron Ulrich, central figure of the central shrine
Predella of the main altar: Gregory (left) and Ambrosius (right)
Predella of the main altar: Jerome (left) and Augustine (right)
Side altars
The cross altar to the right of the choir arch was erected in 1627. Above it is a cross with a life-size body of Christ, which is said to have been made around 1490, originally hung in the choir arch, placed on it opposite the pulpit and has been above the cross altar since the renovation in 1936. The Madonna figure on the Marian altar to the left of the choir arch is dated to around 1470 and probably comes from the previous chapel. Above the Marian altar is an altarpiece on which, among other things, the Holy Trinity and Mary as a crescent moon can be seen in the upper area, and the four Latin Fathers of the Church in the lower half. Gregory the Great holds a book in which the picture is signed by Ulrich Sturm from Gmünd and dated 1627 together with the altar. Mary is dressed in a stole and thus symbolizes the church.
Figure of the Virgin Mary of the Altarpiece
Altarpiece of the Marian altar
Choir
The choir is roofed with a net vault , the keystones of which show the coat of arms of the German Master von Cleen, the patriarchal cross of the Teutonic Order, the church patron St. Ulrich and Maria in a halo. The intermediate surfaces of the net vault are painted with colored ornamental leaf and tendril motifs. On the right choir wall there are also remains of Renaissance frescoes showing Augustine as a bishop, Hieronymus as a hermit and Matthew with an angel and probably from the time after the church was rebuilt in 1513/14. The sacrament house on the choir wall bears the stonemason mark of Dionysius Böblinger in the tracery above the door.
Fresco on the choir wall
Sacrament house with tracery
Glazed gallery window
literature
- Sankt Ulrich Stockheim . Information brochure of the parish council, undated after 2001
- Hartmut Gräf: Unterländer Altars 1350–1540. An inventory . City Museums Heilbronn, Heilbronn 1983 ( Heilbronn Museum Booklet No. 9)
- Julius Fekete : Art and cultural monuments in the city and district of Heilbronn . 2nd Edition. Theiss, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8062-1662-2 , p. 137.
Web links
Coordinates: 49 ° 5 ′ 5 " N , 9 ° 0 ′ 56" E