Suderwich
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Suderwich district of Recklinghausen |
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| Coordinates | 51 ° 36 '34 " N , 7 ° 15' 52" E |
| height | (Intersection Ehlingstrasse / Lülfstrasse) 67 m above sea level NHN |
| surface | 10.142 km² |
| Residents | 11,574 (Sep 30, 2015) (3/18) |
| Population density | 1141 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation | Apr 1, 1926 |
| Post Code | 45665 |
| Source: | |
Suderwich is a district of the city of Recklinghausen in North Rhine-Westphalia .
history
Around the middle of the second century AD, Germanic tribes, perhaps the Sugambres first , came to the Suderwich area. Around 1066 the name Suderwick appeared for the first time in the list of the Essen-Werden monastery. That probably meant Süddorf . The farms had already become a loan. This also applies to the three Schultenhöfe Önting, Dobbeling and Pepping. Suderwich belonged to Vest Recklinghausen , which was subordinate to the Archbishop of Cologne. For Suderwich, Recklinghausen was the seat of jurisdiction and Horneburg was the place of administration. One lived from agriculture and animal husbandry. Emscherbruch and Esselerloh supplied pasture land and wood. From 1457 onwards there were 70 people entitled to troops in the Suderwicher Markgenossenschaft. From 1765 they started to dissolve the common use.
The Cologne-Spanish-Dutch , the Thirty Years 'War and the Seven Years' War brought the peasants billeted quarters, contributions, looting and pillage. In the years that followed, economic development was impaired by frequently changing rulers: after the Electoral Cologne period, the Duchy of Arenberg followed , then for a short time the Grand Duchy of Berg until, in 1814, Prussia took over the Vest.
From 1860 onwards, the beginning industrial revolution in the village first made itself felt through the flourishing pig trade. With the sinking of the double shaft system König-Ludwig IV / V in 1900, mining reached the Suderwich area. This brought about a profound structural change from a rural village to an industrial landscape. The high space requirements of the mining industry made it possible for farmers to do lucrative real estate deals. The relationship between long-established residents and new colony residents remained tense for decades due to the differences in language, customs and denomination.
In the 20th century, Suderwich became the residential suburb of Recklinghausen. On April 1, 1926, the rural community was incorporated into the town of Recklinghausen - against the reluctance of many Suderwich citizens, which continued even after the incorporation was completed. The development of the school system was favored by the incorporation; a large sports hall was also built.
In 1909 the local sports club SG Suderwich was founded.
religion
A wooden chapel dedicated to John the Baptist was built around 1250 . The mother church was St. Peter in Recklinghausen. After this chapel burned down in 1441, a stone church was built in Romanesque style. The names of the reigning clergy can be traced back to 1510. In 1683 the parish acquired the burial rights and became independent. During the Thirty Years' War the church tower and in 1820 the nave had to be renewed. After the pastor's death in 1877, the pastor's post remained vacant for eight years.
In 1904 the neo-Gothic St. John's Church with its 75 meter high tower was built.
In 1907 a so-called prayer room was built in Henrichenburger Strasse for the evangelical miners who had moved here. The pastor of this parish, Walter Zillessen, did a great job researching local history.
The Catholic St. Barbara Church, consecrated in 1954, was torn down again in September 2011 due to a decline in membership. The vacated areas in Suderwich-Süd are being marketed as building land.
Mining
In 1898, the acquired trade union King Louis the Berechtsame the mining concessions within Suderwich. From 1900 to 1902 the shafts König-Ludwig 4/5 were sunk, in 1903 a coking plant was built next to the colliery .
In the course of the occupation of the Ruhr by French and Belgian troops, the mine in Suderwich was also occupied on April 1, 1923 and by the Mission interalliée de Contrôle des Usines et des Mines (Interallied Authority for the Control of Factories and Mines) on October 10, 1923 , which supervised the delivery of the coal production as part of the reparations after the First World War , confiscated. The miners offered passive resistance to this . When the occupation ended on October 27, 1924, the facilities were in a desolate condition and the Suderwich coking plant had to be demolished. The new coking plant at shaft 4/5 was completed in 1926.
In World War II, two forced labor camps were established. The economic upswing that followed the war in 1955 led to a maximum conveying capacity of 1,618,076 tons with a workforce of 7,767 at the merged Bergbau AG Ewald-König Ludwig .
In the late 1950s showed that the degradation of the geologically highly disturbed deposits of "King Louis" became unprofitable: 1965, despite protests by IG Mining and Energy , the closure of the mine decided. This took place on July 15, 1965; the coking plant was operated by Ruhrkohle AG until 1978 . Most of the daytime facilities were subsequently torn down.
Population development
Suderwich had only 652 inhabitants around 1818, around 1900 there were 1488, but in 1910 it had 5,932 inhabitants; The highest level was reached in 1999 at around 12,000.
traffic
In Suderwich the disused Recklinghausen-Suderwich station is on the Oberhausen-Osterfeld-Hamm railway line . The station building is to be demolished in 2019. Nowadays, Suderwich can only be reached by local public transport using the Vestische bus lines (lines 213, 233 and 234). The A 2 (E 34) flanks the southern edge of Suderwich .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Quarterly Statistical Report III 2015 ( Memento of the original from March 30, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , City of Recklinghausen (PDF; 9.9 MB)
- ↑ Geodata portal of the city of Recklinghausen ( Memento of the original from July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( Notes )
- ↑ Stephanie Reekers: The regional development of the districts and communities of Westphalia 1817-1967 . Aschendorff, Münster Westfalen 1977, ISBN 3-402-05875-8 , p. 285 .
- ↑ St. Johannes Church RE-Suderwich , Route Industrial Culture
- ^ Profanation and demolition of St. Barbara Church in Suderwich
- ↑ Recklinghäüser Zeitung of February 28, 2018.
