Systematics of the hymenoptera
External system
Within the subclass flying insects (Pterygota), the hymenoptera belong to the superordinate order of the new winged insects (Neoptera).
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Internal system
In the following classification of hymenoptera (Hymenoptera) the classification is carried out down to the family level .
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- Suborder plant wasps (Symphyta)
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- Superfamily Xyeloidea
- Superfamily sawfly (Tenthredinoidea)
- Sawfly (Tenthredinidae)
- Bush horn sawps (Diprionidae)
- Brush horn sawfly (Argidae)
- Keulhorn sawfly (Cimbicidae)
- Blasticotomidae
- Pergidae
- Superfamily Gespinstblattwespenektiven (Pamphilioidea)
- Sawfly wasps (Pamphiliidae)
- Megalodontesidae
- Superfamily Cephoid wasps (Cephoidea)
- Stem sawflies (Cephidae)
- Superfamily wood wasps (Siricoidea)
- Wood wasps (Siricidae)
- Anaxyelidae
- Superfamily Xiphydrioidea
- Orca wasps (Xiphydriidae)
- Superfamily Orussoidea
- Suborder Waist Wasps (Apocrita)
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- Superfamily Stephanoidea
- Superfamily Trigonaloidea
- Superfamily Megalyroidea
- Superfamily Evanioidea
- Aulacidae
- Hunger Wasps (Evaniidae)
- Narrow- bellied wasps ( Gasteruptiidae )
- Superfamily Ceraphronoidea
- Superfamily gall wasps (Cynipoidea)
- Austrocynipidae
- Ibaliidae
- Liopteridae
- Gall wasps (Cynipidae)
- Figitidae
- Superfamily Zehrwespenartig (Proctotrupoidea)
- Wasps (Proctotrupidae)
- Pelecinidae
- Vanhorniidae
- Heloridae
- Austroniidae
- Roproniidae
- Peradeniidae
- Proctorenyxidae
- Superfamily Diaprioidea
- Superfamily Platygastroidea
- Superfamily wasps (Chalcidoidea)
- Superfamily Mymarommatoidea
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- Superfamily wasps-like (Ichneumonoidea)
- Wasps (Ichneumonidae)
- Brackish wasps (Braconidae)
- Partial order Stechimmen (Aculeata)
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- Superfamily Chrysidoidea
- Plumariidae
- Scolebythidae
- Flat wasps (Bethylidae)
- Gold wasps (Chrysididae)
- Sclerogibbidae
- Embolemidae
- Cicada wasps (Dryinidae)
- Superfamily Vespoidea
- Sierolomorphidae
- Wasps (Tiphiidae)
- Mace Wasps (Sapygidae)
- Ant wasps (Mutillidae)
- Wasps (Pompilidae)
- Rhopalosomatidae
- Bradynobaenidae
- Ants (Formicidae)
- Wasps (Vespidae)
- Dagger wasps (Scoliidae)
- Superfamily Apoidea
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- Digger wasps (Spheciformes)
- Bees (Apiformes)
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The superfamilies of waist wasps, with the exception of the Aculeata, were traditionally grouped together as " Legimmen " (other names: Terebrantes, Terebrantia or Parasitica). This group is paraphyletic and therefore not justified according to the rules of phylogenetic systematics, it is no longer used in more modern systems. The Aculeata evolved from a group within the Legims. Your sister group is not known for certain. Possibly it is the superfamily Ichneumonidea, other indications point to the Evanioidea.
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- John Heraty, Fredrik Ronquist, James M. Carpenter, David Hawks, Susanne Schulmeister, Ashley P. Dowling, Debra Murray, James Munro, Ward C. Wheeler, Nathan Schiff, Michael Sharkey (2011): Evolution of the hymenopteran megaradiation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 60: 73-88. doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2011.04.003
- Michael J. Sharkey, James M. Carpenter, Lars Vilhelmsen, John Heraty, Johan Liljeblad, Ashley PG Dowling, Susanne Schulmeister, Debra Murray, Andrew R. Deans, Fredrik Ronquist, Lars Krogmann, Ward C. Wheeler (2012): Phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies of Hymenoptera. Cladistics 28: 80-112. doi : 10.1111 / j.1096-0031.2011.00366.x
- Susanne Schulmeister (2003): Review of morphological evidence on the phylogeny of basal Hymenoptera (Insecta), with a discussion of the ordering of characters. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 79: 209-243. doi : 10.1046 / j.1095-8312.2003.00232.x
- Michael J. Sharkey (2007): Phylogeny and Classification of Hymenoptera. Zootaxa 1668: 521-548.