Real sawfly

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Real sawfly
Tenthredopsis sordida

Tenthredopsis sordida

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera)
Subordination : Plant Wasps (Symphyta)
Superfamily : Sawfly (Tenthredinoidea)
Family : Real sawfly
Scientific name
Tenthredinidae
Latreille , 1802
Subfamilies
Larvae of the linden sawfly ( Caliroa annulipes )
Larvae of Craesus septentrionalis in typical frightened position

The real sawfly (Tenthredinidae) form a family of the plant wasps (Symphyta) within the hymenoptera (Hymenoptera). They are also referred to as "sawfly", but this can lead to confusion, as there are other sawfly families within the sawfly. The animals are found with around 9000 species worldwide, making them the largest family of plant wasps. 1070 species and subspecies also live in Europe , of which over 900 occur in Central Europe . They are common all over the world with only three known species (and five introduced by humans) in Australia .

features

Depending on the species, the animals are 2 to 20 millimeters long and are usually black or brown in color. But like its appearance, the color is extremely diverse. There are many types that are bright green, red or yellow in color and have a wide variety of patterns. The real sawfly cannot sting, many species imitate real wasps in order to appear dangerous ( mimicry ). Like all plant wasps, the sawfly lacks the wasp waist between the thorax and abdomen . Their antennae are long and have 7 to 15 segments, but there are usually nine. In many species they are combed or thickened club-shaped at the end. The wing veins are well developed, but the subcostal arteries on the forewings are missing.

Most larvae ( anal caterpillars ), like those of all plant wasps, look very similar to the caterpillars of butterflies , but differ from them by a total of eight instead of a maximum of seven pairs of legs. However, larvae of the mining species have no or reduced legs. The animals have antennae with three to five members.

Way of life

The adults are mainly flower visitors, but some species also live predatory on smaller insects.

The larvae feed on phytophagous from a variety of deciduous trees , shrubs and herbaceous plants. The larvae sit predominantly on the leaves - often in groups - and feed inwards from the edge of the leaf. When disturbed, they curve the body characteristically to form an "S". Only the species of the Heterarthrinae are miners , others are drills or form plant galls . Some species are considered pests in agriculture .

Species (selection) arranged according to subfamilies

literature

Web links

Commons : Common sawfly  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Tenthredinidae. Fauna Europaea, accessed May 12, 2007 .
  2. ^ Ian D. Naumann, Margaret A. Williams, Stefan Schmidt (2002): Synopsis of the Tenthredinidae (Hymenoptera) in Australia, including two newly recorded, introduced sawfly species associated with willows (Salix spp.) . Australian Journal of Entomology (2002) 41, 1-6.