Tabebuia

Tabebuia
	Tabebuia rosea
Systematics
	Nuclear eudicotyledons
	Asterids
	Euasterids I
Order :	Mint family (Lamiales)
Family :	Trumpet Family (Bignoniaceae)
Genre :	Tabebuia
Scientific name
	Tabebuia
	Gomes ex DC.

Tabebuia is a genus of plants in the trumpet treefamily(Bignoniaceae). The 67 to 74 species are common in the Neotropic .

description

Illustration from Flore médicale des Antilles, ou, Traité des plantes usuelles , plate 204 from Tabebuia heterophylla

Foliage leaf and fruit of Tabebuia aurea split in the shape of a hand

Vegetative characteristics

Tabebuia species are shrubs to large trees . Their light to reddish brown wood is not visibly divided into sapwood and heartwood . The rays are one to three cells wide, the intravascular pits are small to medium-sized with 3 to 6 millimeters. The fibers are thin to thick-walled. The mean specific gravity of wood is between 0.4 and 7.4.

The leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaf stalks are up to 18 inches long. The imparipinnate leaf blades consist of one to seven, rarely nine pinnate leaves. The leaflets are on stems up to 11 centimeters long. The leaflets are narrow-elliptical to circular with a length of about 35 centimeters and a width of about 32 centimeters. They are covered on the underside with stalked or sessile fine scales, which can be loosely distributed until the surface can be densely covered.

Foliage leaves and fruits of Tabebuia rosea

Inflorescences and flowers

The terminal, paniculate or racemose inflorescences usually contain only a few, only occasionally many flowers; sometimes just a flower. Sometimes they are densely covered with fine scales. The inflorescence axis divides dichotomously without creating a pronounced central rachis .

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five leathery sepals are 5 to 25 millimeters long and 4 to 11 millimeters in diameter and are cup-shaped, bell-shaped or tubular and end with two lobes or rarely with five short calyx teeth and are densely covered with fine scales. The crown is tubular-funnel-shaped to tubular-bell-shaped, white to red in color, the crown throat is often yellow in color; only in Tabebuia nodosa and Tabebuia aurea are the crowns completely colored yellow. The corolla tube is 2 to 7 centimeters long and has a diameter of 0.6 to 3.5 centimeters at the opening. The corolla lobes have a length of 0.5 to 3.2 centimeters. The crown is hairless or finely haired at the point of attachment of the stamens .

The stamens inserted in the corolla tube appear in two lengths. The straight counters of the bald anthers are spread apart and are 2 to 6 millimeters long. The staminodium is greatly reduced. The upper permanent ovary is linear-elongated and comprises in each fruit chamber two or three rows of ovules .

Fruits and seeds

The surface of the elongated, linear to cylindrical capsule fruits is smooth to ribbed, striped and finely to densely covered with fine scales. The seeds are thin and have two translucent, membranous wings that are sharply separated from the seed body.

Tabebuia aurea

Tabebuia bahamensis

Tabebuia elliptica

Tabebuia heterophylla

Tabebuia maxonii

Tabebuia pallida

Tabebuia roseoalba

Tabebuia stenocalyx

Systematics and distribution

The genus Tabebuia was created in 1838 by Bernardino António Gomes in Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in Bibliotheque Universelle de Geneve , sér. 2, 17, pages 130-131.

The Tabebuia species are widespread in Central and South America and the Antilles . The center of biodiversity is the Greater Antilles and especially Cuba.

Within the genus Tabebuia , 67 to 74 species are differentiated according to the genus concept from 2007:

Tabebuia acrophylla (Urb.) Britton : It occurs only on Hispaniola .
Tabebuia angustata Britton : It occurs in Cuba and Jamaica .
Tabebuia arimaoensis Britton : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. & Hook. f. ex S.Moore : It occurs from Peru to Paraguay.
Tabebuia bahamensis (Northr.) Britton : It occurs from the Bahamas to Cuba.
Tabebuia berteroi (DC.) Britton : It occurs from Cuba to Hispaniola.
Tabebuia bibracteolata (Griseb.) Britton : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia brooksiana Britton : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia buchii (Urb.) Britton : This endemic occurs only in Haiti .
Tabebuia bullata A.H.Gentry : This endemic occurs only in the Dominican Republic.
Tabebuia calcicola Britton : It occurs from Cuba to Haiti.
Tabebuia caleticana A.H.Gentry & D.Albert : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia cassinoides (Lam.) DC. : It occurs in southern and southeastern Brazil .
Tabebuia clementis Alain : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia conferta Urb. : This endemic occurs only in Haiti.
Tabebuia crispiflora Alain : This endemic occurs only in the Dominican Republic.
Tabebuia × del-riscoi Borhidi = Tabebuia lepidophylla × Tabebuia heterophylla : It occurs only in Cuba.
Tabebuia densifolia Urb. : It occurs from Cuba to Hispaniola.
Tabebuia dominguensis (Urb.) Britton : This endemic occurs only in the Dominican Republic.
Tabebuia dubia (C.Wright) Britton ex Seibert : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia elegans Urb. : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia elliptica (DC.) Sandwith : It occurs in eastern Brazil.
Tabebuia elongata Urb. : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia fluviatilis (Aubl.) DC. : It occurs from northern South America to northern Brazil.
Tabebuia gemmiflora Rizzini & A.Mattos : It occurs in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais .
Tabebuia glaucescens Urb. : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia gracilipes Alain : It occurs only in Cuba.
Tabebuia haemantha (Bertol. Ex Sprengel) DC. : It only occurs in Puerto Rico .
Tabebuia heterophylla (DC.) Britton : It occurs on Caribbean islands.
Tabebuia hypoleuca (C. Wright) Urb. : It occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia inaequipes Urb. : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia insignis (Miq.) Sandwith : It occurs in tropical South America.
Tabebuia jackiana Ekman ex Urb. : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia jaucoensis Bisse : It occurs only in Cuba.
Tabebuia karsoana Trejo : It only occurs in Puerto Rico.
Tabebuia lepidophylla (A. Richard) Greenm. : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia lepidota (Kunth) Britton : It occurs on Caribbean islands.
Tabebuia leptoneura Urb. : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia linearis Alain : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia maxonii Urb. : This endemic occurs only in the Dominican Republic.
Tabebuia microphylla (Lam.) Urb. : It occurs from Cuba to Hispaniola.
Tabebuia moaensis Britton : It occurs only in Cuba.
Tabebuia multinervis Urb. & Ekman : This endemic occurs only in Haiti.
Tabebuia myrtifolia (Griseb.) Britton : It occurs in Cuba and Hispaniola.
Tabebuia nodosa (Griseb.) Griseb. : It occurs from Bolivia to northern Argentina .
Tabebuia obovata Urb. : It occurs from Cuba to Hispaniola.
Tabebuia obtusifolia (Cham.) Bureau : It occurs in Brazil.
Tabebuia ophiolitica Alain : This endemic occurs only in the Dominican Republic.
Tabebuia orinocensis (Sandwith) AHGentry : It occurs in Colombia and Venezuela .
Tabebuia ovatifolia Vattimo : It occurs in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo .
Tabebuia pallida (Lindl.) Miers : It occurs in the Lesser Antilles.
Tabebuia palustris Hemsl. : It occurs from Costa Rica to Ecuador .
Tabebuia paniculata Leonard : This endemic occurs only in the Dominican Republic.
Tabebuia × perelegans Borhidi = Tabebuia elegans × Tabebuia heterophylla : It occurs only in Cuba.
Tabebuia pilosa A.H. Gentry : It occurs from Colombia to northern Brazil.
Tabebuia pinetorum Britton : It occurs only in Cuba.
Tabebuia platyantha (Griseb.) Britton : It only occurs in Jamaica.
Tabebuia polyantha Urb. & Ekman : It only occurs in Hispaniola.
Tabebuia polymorpha Urb. : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia pulverulenta Urb. : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia reticulata A.H. Gentry : It occurs in Brazil.
Tabebuia revoluta (Urb.) Britton : This endemic occurs only in the Dominican Republic.
Tabebuia ricardii M.Mejía : This endemic occurs only in the Dominican Republic.
Tabebuia rigida Urb. : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) Bertero ex A.DC. : It occurs from Mexico to Ecuador.
Tabebuia roseoalba (Ridl.) Sandwith : It occurs from Peru to Brazil and Paraguay .
Tabebuia sagrae Urb. : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia sauvallei Britton : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia schumanniana Urb. : It only occurs in Puerto Rico.
Tabebuia shaferi Britton : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia simplicifolia Carabia ex Alain : It occurs only in Cuba.
Tabebuia stenocalyx Sprague & Stapf : It occurs from Trinidad and Tobago to eastern Brazil.
Tabebuia striata A.H. Gentry : It occurs from Panama to Colombia .
Tabebuia trachycarpa (Griseb.) K.Schum. : It only occurs in Cuba.
Tabebuia vinosa A.H.Gentry : This endemic occurs only in the Dominican Republic.
Tabebuia zanonii A.H. Gentry : This endemic occurs only in the Dominican Republic.

The following are no longer included in the genus Tabebuia :

Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) G.Nicholson → Handroanthus serratifolius (Vahl) SOGrose

Botanical history

The genus Tabebuia was first described by Augustine Pyramus de Candolle in 1838 . According to his concept, the genus included the species of the trumpet tree family, which grow as trees with simple leaves. Later editors often changed the scope of the genre, so that a large number of synonyms emerged. In addition, for a long time no clear boundary could be drawn between the genera Tecoma and Tabebuia , which led to further systematic uncertainties. This distinction was resolved in 1915 by Nathaniel Lord Britton , but the differing views on the scope of the genus persisted into the late 20th century. Most recently, around 100 species - today 74 - were assigned to the genus.

Molecular biological investigations, however, showed that the genus is not monophyletic to this extent , whereupon Susan Grose and Richard Olmstead in their revision of the genus Tabebuia s. l. classified the individual species in the genera Handroanthus and Roseodendron .

literature

Susan O. Grose, Richard G. Olmstead: Taxonomic Revisions in the Polyphyletic Genus Tabebuia sl (Bignoniaceae). In: Systematic Botany , Volume 32, Issue 3, 2007, pp. 660-670. on-line.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Tabebuia at Tropicos.org. In: Flora of Panama (WFO) . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
^ Tabebuia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed December 29, 2017.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Tabebuia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved December 29, 2017.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Susan O. Grose, Richard G. Olmstead: Taxonomic Revisions in the Polyphyletic Genus Tabebuia sl (Bignoniaceae). In: Systematic Botany , Volume 32, Issue 3, 2007, pp. 660-670. on-line.

Web links

Commons : Tabebuia - collection of images, videos and audio files

Map with all linked sites: OSM | WikiMap

[FoPanama-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Tabebuia at Tropicos.org. In: Flora of Panama (WFO) . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis

[Tropicos-2] Tabebuia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed December 29, 2017.

[WCSP-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Tabebuia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved December 29, 2017.

[GroseOlmstead2007-4] Susan O. Grose, Richard G. Olmstead: Taxonomic Revisions in the Polyphyletic Genus Tabebuia sl (Bignoniaceae). In: Systematic Botany , Volume 32, Issue 3, 2007, pp. 660-670. on-line.