Thaddaeus Hagecius
Thaddaeus Hagecius von Hayek (Hagek, Hajek), also Thaddaeus Nemicus (from Latin nemus , grove, forest), (Czech Tadeáš Hájek z Hájku ) (born December 1, 1525 in Prague ; † September 1, 1600 , ibid) was Astronomer and doctor.
Life
The son of Simon Hájek (also Hayek, Hagek and the like) came from an old Prague family and received his master's degree in 1551 . After studying medicine in Vienna in 1552, he received his doctorate in medicine in 1553 at the University of Bologna . There he also attended the lectures of Girolamo Cardano from Milan .
After his return to Prague in 1555, Hagecius set up a medical practice there, was knighted Protomedicus in 1571 and also published calendars and horoscopes, which attracted attention. His reputation was so good that the Emperors Maximilian II and Rudolf II (HRR) appointed him personal physician , with alternating stays in Vienna and Prague. In 1566, during the Turkish wars , he was also senior physician in Vienna and Hungary . His preoccupation with astronomy brought Tycho Brahe's appointment as court astronomer to Prague.
By Emperor Ferdinand I , in 1554 knighthood raised, he was Emperor I. Maximilian beaten knighted in 1571. Hagecius von Hayek was married three times, had three sons and a daughter, about whom nothing is known.
The lunar crater Hagecius and the asteroid (1995) Hajek are named after him.
Appreciation
Hagecius, the greatest Bohemian scientist of the 16th century, was the first to publish the positioning of the stars as they pass through the meridian . Later he devoted himself to the calculation of planetary motion and comet research; he also wrote a treatise on Halley's Comet . He specified the parallax and was among the ten European astronomers using observations of 1572 today as SN 1572 known supernova in the constellation Cassiopeia described scientifically correct.
He was also the author of numerous astronomical and medical works. He inscribed himself in the history of mathematics with his publication “De laudibus geometriae” . It is a book that precisely traces the history of Bohemian mathematics.
He carried out surveys in Prague and was a co-author of the 1563 map, which has since been lost.
Hagecius was involved in the "Herbarium" of Pietro Andrea Mattioli , in which he supplemented the botanical conditions in Bohemia , and translated the work for the Czech edition into the language of the 16th century, which was published in 1562 by Georg Melantrich von Aventine . In 1585 he also wrote a pamphlet on the production of beer "De cerevisia eiusque conficiendi ratione" . At his urging, Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler were invited to Prague. He maintained a lively correspondence with them and other important scientists in Europe.
Areas of knowledge
In addition to astronomy and mathematics , Thaddaeus von Hayek dealt with botany , geodesy and alchemy . He was interested in political and religious questions, took part in cultural events and was a secret supporter of the Brothers Unity . He met with the prominent humanists of the 16th century such as Philipp Melanchthon . With his poems he joined the group around the humanist Jan Hodějovský z Hodějova , a patron of works by Bohemian authors published in Latin .
Publications (selection)
- Thaddaeus Hagecius from Hayck: Dialexis de novae et prius incognitae stellae inusitatae magnitudinis & splendidissimi luminis apparitione, & de eiusdem stellae vero loco constituendo , Frankfurt / Main, 1574. Reprint, published by Zdenek Horsky, Prague 1967 ( review of the reprint )
- Thaddaeus from Hayck: De investigatione loci novae stellae in zodiaco . In: Bartholomäus Reisacher : De mirabili Novae ac splendidis stellae, Mense Nouembri anni 1572, primum conspectæ, ac etiam nunc apparentis, Phœnomeno . Vienna 1573 ( digitized version )
literature
- Heribert Sturm : Biographical lexicon on the history of the Bohemian countries. Published on behalf of the Collegium Carolinum (Institute) , Volume I, R. Oldenbourg Verlag Munich Vienna, 1979, ISBN 3-486-49491-0 , page 512
- J. Bouška: Tadeáš Hájek z Hájku (1526-1600) , Charles University Prague 1976 ( Google Books )
- Peter Krömer: The Masters of the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Prague and their writings in the period from 1550 to 1621, 1972
- Johann Christoph Poggendorf: Biographical-literary concise dictionary for the history of the exact sciences, 1863 ff., Volume 1
- W. Tomek: History of the University of Prague, 1849
- Gottfried Johann Dlabacz: General historical artist lexicon for Bohemia and partly also for Moravia and Silesia, 1815
- Pavel Drábek: Tadeáš Hájek z Hájku . Práce z dějin techniky a přírodních věd 1, Společnost pro dějiny věd a techniky, Prague 2000, ISBN 80-238-6688-5 ( online ( memento of January 5, 2011 in the Internet Archive ))
- Franz Hammer: Hagek, Thaddäus. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 467 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Zdeněk Horský : Thaddaeus Hagecius (1525 - 1600) , Říše hvězd, Vol. 56, p. 228 - 229., 1975, bibcode : 1975Rise ... 56..228H
- Doris Teichmann: A Czech-German recipe manuscript from the beginning of the 17th century. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 16, 1997, pp. 233-260; here: p. 237.
Web links
- Literature by and about Thaddaeus Hagecius in the catalog of the German National Library
- Literature and other media by and about Thaddaeus Hagecius in the catalog of the National Library of the Czech Republic
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hagecius, Thaddaeus |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Squidward Hajek of Hajek; Thaddaeus Hagecius from Hayek; Thaddeus Nemicus; Squidward Hagek |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Bohemian astronomer and personal doctor of Rudolf II. |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 1, 1525 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Prague |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 1, 1600 |
| Place of death | Prague |