Deutzen
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Deutzen
municipality Neukieritzsch
Coordinates: 51 ° 6 ′ 41 ″ N , 12 ° 25 ′ 33 ″ E
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| Height : | 143 m | |
| Area : | 6.62 km² | |
| Residents : | 1613 (Dec. 31, 2013) | |
| Population density : | 244 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 2014 | |
| Postal code : | 04575 | |
| Area code : | 03433 | |
Location of Deutzen in Saxony |
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Deutzen is a district of Neukieritzsch in the district of Leipzig , Saxony . Until July 1, 2014 Deutzen was an independent municipality.
Geography and traffic
Deutzen is located in the south of the Leipzig lowland bay about 7 km west of Borna and 16 km north of Altenburg . In the north the place borders on Neukieritzsch , in the east on Borna and in the south and west on Regis-Breitingen . The town is bordered by the Leipziger Neuseenland with the Borna reservoir to the east and the United Schleenhain open-cast mine in the northwest . The Pleiße flows through Deutzen with a gradient.
The B 176 runs north and the B 93 east of the village. Deutzen has a stop on the Leipzig – Hof railway line , where the S-Bahn in Central Germany stops.
history
Deutzen was first mentioned in a document from 1238, in which it was reported that a Herwicus de Dycin (Herbert von Deutzen) was present as a witness during the exchange of goods between Wenceslaus I (Bohemia) and the Plasy monastery . Until 1856 Deutzen was subject to the jurisdiction of the manor located in the village , which was under the administration of the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon Office of Borna . From 1856 the place belonged to the Borna court office and from 1875 to the Borna district administration .
The development of the place was very changeable. Agriculture dominated until the 18th century. The location of the place in the floodplain areas of the Pleiße 25 km south of the city of Leipzig offered favorable conditions for this farming activity. At the same time, this area of the landscape favored the development of lignite millions of years ago , so that after initial minor excavations towards the end of the 19th century around 1900, the industrial use of lignite began. The construction of a lignite plant in Deutzen attracted people from different parts of Germany - including a remarkable number of Bavarians. The result was that in the period from 1910 to 1968 the population increased from 350 to 4,300. The lignite mining brought about a change in the local economic and population structure in the municipality from rural to industrial. Since 1918 the place has had a stop on the Leipzig – Hof railway line. In 1934 the village of Röthigen was incorporated. In 1958 the Pleiße was moved 1000 meters to the west. The original river bed formed the border between the Deutzen and Görnitz areas, the new river bed runs through the center of Deutzen. In 1964/1965 the old town center of Deutzen was devastated by the open- cast lignite mine Borna-West . Today's Deutzen was built to the west of the old town on the charred site of the Deutzen opencast mine (Kraft II), which was closed in 1960–1963. The area of Alt-Deutzen is now occupied by the Borna reservoir, popularly known as the Adriatic , which is fed with water from the Pleiße for flood protection.
After many years of negotiations, the municipality of Deutzen was incorporated into Neukieritzsch on July 1, 2014 .
Deutzen opencast mine
In 1910/1911 the Deutzen opencast mine was opened up west of the town. At the same time, the "Borna-Nord" mining field of the Borna-West opencast mine (operating from 1910–1942) was opened to the east of it, the "Borna-South" mining field was operated between 1939 and 1970. In the "Regis III opencast mine" to the south, coal was mined between 1937 and 1941, and in the Witznitz II opencast mine in the north between 1946 and 1961. In 1930, 113 miners' apartments were built on already charred terrain, and on the other hand, 13 plots and farms had to give way to the Deutzen opencast mine . The place Bergisdorf , since 1948 the district of Lobstädt , was canceled 1,951th In 1957/58 the Deutzen district of Röthigen, south of Bergisdorf, was dissolved. Today the Röthigen water tower built in 1955 is a reminder of the place. Between 1960 and 1963 the Pleiße had to be relocated in an emergency due to landslides, shortly afterwards operations in the opencast mine were completely shut down. On the recultivated area, the town of Neu-Deutzen was created north of the Röthigen water tower in the mid-1960s, as the old Deutzen to the east was relocated between 1961 and 1963 by the advancing open-cast mine Borna-West and dredged over in 1966/1967.
"Kraft II" coal plant
At the same time as the opening of the Deutzen opencast mine, the “Kraft II” lignite mine was built in 1910. The Deutzen briquette factory was opened on May 25, 1912 . The Schwelerei was put into operation in 1937 after a year of construction. After the Second World War, the lignite plant was incorporated on August 1, 1946 as " Kombinat Deutzen" into the Soviet joint-stock company with the name "SAG Brikett". On the orders of the Soviet military administration, the facilities were repaired as quickly as possible and brought to full capacity. In 1952 it was converted into a state-owned company . In 1968 the Deutzen Combine was incorporated into the Regis Combine . With the closure of the Deutzen Schwelerei in 1974, only the briquette factory and the power station remained as manufacturing operations. The latter became part of the Bitterfeld lignite combine in 1980 . In 1990 the plant was incorporated into the Central German Brown Coal Company. The briquette factory was shut down in 1992. After the briquette factory and power plant were demolished in 1992, the area was completely renovated by the Lausitzer und Mitteldeutsche Bergbau-Verwaltungsgesellschaft by 2012 .
Memorials and sights
- Memorial stone for the place Alt-Deutzen, destroyed by an opencast mine
- Graves in the local cemetery for a Polish prisoner of war and an Italian military internee who fell victim to forced labor during the Second World War .
- Deutzen cultural park
- Borna reservoir
- Lookout point in the United Schleenhain opencast mine
- Catholic church named after Konrad von Parzham , built from 1954–1956 with wood from the Bavarian Forest
- Water tower in the Röthigen district, built in 1955 to replace the water tower in the village of Blumroda, which was demolished by the Borna-West opencast mine
- Water ball, formerly elevated tank of the briquette factory, implemented by Graefenhainichen in 1938
- Pleiße cycle path
- Wild horse paddock east of the road to Neukieritzsch
Memorial stone for old Deutzen
Water ball
Water tower in Röthigen
Sons of the community
- Klaus-Dieter Bilkenroth (1933–2019), mining engineer, top mining manager and professor
- Friedrich Drese (* 1960), organ builder in Malchow
literature
- Richard Steche : Deutzen. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 15. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Borna . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1891, p. 16.
- Christian environmental seminar Rötha eV, Kulturbüro Espenhain, Heimatverein Regis-Breitingen und Umgebung eV (Ed.): Memories of the villages of Blumroda, Hartmannsdorf , Görnitz , Deutzen and Schleenhain . Regis-Breitingen 1996, ISBN 3-930044-07-2 .
Web links
- Deutzen in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Chronicle of Deutzen on www.deutzen.de
Individual evidence
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 , p. 62 f.
- ^ The Borna District Administration in the municipal directory 1900
- ↑ StBA: Area changes from January 1st to December 31st, 2014
- ^ Coal mining in the Regis area on a private website
- ↑ Illustration of the southern part of the Deutzen opencast mine in the description of the Haselbach opencast mine
- ↑ Illustration of the northern part of the Deutzen opencast mine in the description of the Witznitz II opencast mine
- ↑ Mention of the devastation of Bergisdorf on a private website
- ^ Röthigen in the Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ Website of ARE Deutzen GmbH
- ^ Website of Regis-Breitingen
- ^ Council of the city of Colditz (ed.): 700 years of the city of Colditz. Colditz 1965.
- ↑ Technical monument water ball
- ↑ "Habitat for Wild Horses", MDR of October 14, 2015
Deutzen | Big dogs | Kahnsdorf (with brushes and braids) | Kieritzsch | Lippendorf (Medewitzsch) | Lobstädt | Neukieritzsch . Devastations: Bergisdorf | Breunsdorf | Grove with Gutengröba | Small items | Peres | Mirror | Pulgar | Röthigen | Spahnsdorf .