Golpa-Nord opencast mine
| Golpa-Nord opencast mine | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
| Mining technology | Open pit mine on 19.15 km² | ||
| Overburden | 348.5 million t | ||
| Funding / total | 70.1 million t | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Employees | 820 | ||
| Start of operation | 1957 | ||
| End of operation | 1991 | ||
| Successor use | Replenishment to Gremminer See , Ferropolis | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Lignite / clay as a by-product | ||
| Degradation of | Clay as a by-product | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 45 '42 " N , 12 ° 26' 56" E | ||
|
|||
| Location | Ferropolis | ||
| local community | Graefenhainichen | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Wittenberg | ||
| country | State of Saxony-Anhalt | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
The open pit Golpa-Nord was an open pit of brown coal Kombinat Bitterfeld for the production of brown coal northwest of Gräfenhainichen .
history
In the Bitterfeld, Wittenberg and Torgau area there is a terminal moraine area known as the Graefenhainichen-Schmiedeberg plateau (see also Dübener Heide ) . Lignite-bearing strata lay under its Pleistocene cover. Lignite was extracted from it in several construction fields in the opencast mine. Lignite mining in the corridor of the village of Gölpa began in the middle of the 19th century, about one kilometer northwest of the village on the edge of a porphyry quarry. A narrow-gauge railway line to Burgkemmnitz station was built to transport the lignite away. The corridor south of the village of Gölpa was very swampy, there was the large pond. Because of the expected high costs of dewatering, open-cast mining was initially continued north of the location in an easterly direction.
The Golpa-Nord opencast mine near Graefenhainichen, which was opened in 1957 as the successor to the Muldenstein opencast mine, supplied the Zschornewitz and Vockerode power plants with lignite for generating electricity for almost 30 years when coal production began in 1964 . In the years 1970–1973 the Zschornewitz power plant was converted to natural gas . Coal production has therefore been cut back sharply. Problems with the natural gas supply, however, led to the conversion of the power station to lignite again from 1976 onwards and coal mining continued.
The overburden was initially heaped up as a dump south of Goltewitz and later used to partially backfill the remaining hole. 8.7 million cubic meters of clay from the overburden were deposited as a by-product on a separate dump north of Jüdenberg .
Until 1955, a mine railway connected Bergwitz with the Zschornewitz power station. Parts of the abandoned railway embankment were later used as an access road for open-cast lignite mining and later to connect Ferropolis. The mine railway and current siding for Ferropolis were built parallel to this former railway line. The federal highway 107 was led in 1966 with a bridge over this (now meaningless) railway line.
The open-cast mine was shut down in 1991 after it was completely burned out, the nearby Gröbern open-cast mine and the power stations two years later. Following an idea of the Dessau- based Bauhaus Dessau Foundation , five large devices were then set up in Golpa-Nord as an open-air museum and Ferropolis event location , which have since provided an atmospheric setting for events.
In 2000, the remaining open pit hole began to be flooded with groundwater and water from the hollow 12.5 kilometers away through a pipeline.
In the area of the opencast mine, not only were the following villages relocated, but three high-voltage lines , starting from the Zschornewitz power plant, were also laid.
Resettled localities
| Resettlement sites | people | Dismantling year |
|---|---|---|
| Gremmin | 240 | 1982 |
| Jüdenberg parts of the Naderkauer Weg | 10 | 1985 |
See also
literature
- Gerhard Liehmann: Chronicle of lignite mining in the Bitterfeld district. Technology and cultural history in two centuries , Vol. 1, 3rd edition, Bitterfeld 2003.
- Harald Kegler: Spiel-Raum - democratically based regional planning in Central Germany between 1923 and 1932 and 1990 and 2000. A contribution to the history and theory of strategic, non-linear planning , habilitation thesis, Weimar 2012 (available on the Internet at http: // e-pub .uni-weimar.de / opus4 / frontdoor / index / index / docId / 1700 , 12.7 MB, last accessed on November 15, 2015).
Individual evidence
- ↑ History of Ferropolis ( Memento of the original from November 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed November 16, 2015
- ↑ Status of the production of the post-mining lakes of the LMBV in Saxony-Anhalt ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 5.9 MB), as of the end of 2010, accessed September 1, 2011, p. 11
