Ammendorfer district

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The Ammendorfer area , also Hallesches area called, is a former brown coal - mining area in the central German mining region . It is located in the Halle (Saale) area in Saxony-Anhalt .

history

The first mining activities of the lignite deposits directly surrounding the city of Halle can be traced back to the 17th century. The deposits reached into today's urban area. The number of pits and their dimensions increased significantly from the middle of the 19th century. The extraction was initially concentrated in the area southeast of Halle near Ammendorf , which is now part of the city. The pits located here, such as Von der Heydt or Hermine-Henriette , formed the origin of the Ammendorfer district.

The Alwine mine in Bruckdorf started operations around 1830 . In 1857 the Theodor underground mine was opened up by the Sächsisch-Thüringische AG, which in 1859, after merging with other mines, became the largest lignite mine in the urban area of ​​Halle as "Consolidation Von der Heydt". In the Dölauer Heide also coal production began around this time. The large-scale dismantling started in the Lochau area north of the Elster-Luppe-Aue. All mining companies in Hallesches Revier joined the Central German Brown Coal Syndicate in 1919 .

Under the leadership of A. Riebeck'sche Montanwerke AG and IG Farben , extensive modernization and conversion of the pits into large-scale open - cast mines began in the 1920s , with the aim of increasing the production of raw lignite to such an extent that a long-term supply of around Chemical sites 15 kilometers away could be secured. Among other things, the large open-cast mine in Lochau was connected directly to the Leunawerke and Buna-Werke via a coal railway .

While production in the Bruckdorf opencast mines ended in 1958 because the coal reserves were exhausted or the pits had become unprofitable, mining in the Lochau opencast mine continued until 1973. The exhaustion of the lignite deposits led to the opening of further open-cast mines in the region, such as Merseburg-Ost (1971–1991). This opencast mine was originally intended to be driven up to today's A 9 . The discontinuation of the funding in 1991 prevented this project, which among other things, the alluvial forest between Zöschen and Horburg-Maßlau escaped over-dredging.

Overall, the mining operations carried out during the GDR era left the region with a great deal of environmental damage and contaminated sites . Between Schkeuditz and the confluence of the Weißen Elster in the Saale , for example, about six kilometers of the course of the Weißen Elster were lost over a distance of around 19 kilometers as the crow flies. In addition, the White Elster was heavily polluted for a long time by the discharge of wastewater from mining and industry.

Post-mining landscapes

Recultivated post-mining landscapes in the Ammendorfer Revier include: the

Mountain supervision

From the establishment of the Central German Brown Coal Syndicate in 1909, the Ammendorfer Revier was officially synonymous with Hallesches Revier. The mountain area depended until 1946, the Mining Authority Hall, then the Technical mining inspections hall. This was directly subordinate to the Supreme Mining Authority at the GDR Council of Ministers .

The mines in the Geisel did not belong to the Halle station, but to the mountain area Naumburg . The Geiseltal southwest of Merseburg formed a completely isolated brown coal deposit. In the course of the formation of the combine, however, opencast mines from the former Halleschen Revier were integrated into the VEB lignite combine Geiseltal, which in turn was subject to the technical mining inspections in Halle. Incidentally, all mining areas in the Halle district were referred to as “Hallesches Revier” in GDR parlance , whereby the terms “Halle area” or “Halle room” were used instead of “Revier”.

After German reunification , the former mining authority districts in Central Germany regained their old structures, but after a short time the mining authorities became obsolete due to the closure of numerous opencast mines. Today, the mining supervision in the region is directly incumbent on the State Office for Geology and Mining of Saxony-Anhalt, based in Halle.

literature

  • Kurt Pietzsch : Germany's brown coals. Borntraeger brothers, 1925.
  • Cornelia Wewetzer: Halle and mining. State Home Association of Saxony-Anhalt, 2005.
  • Rainer Vulpius: Germany's lignite deposits - an overview. GDMB Verlag, 2015.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Central German lignite district: Halle-Merseburg LMBV , accessed on September 13, 2019.
  2. ^ Kurt Pietzsch: The brown coal of Germany. Borntraeger brothers, 1925, p. 257.
  3. ^ Friedrich Schotte: The production bases of the province of Saxony 1907-1927. E. Klinz Buchdruckwerkstätten, 1932, p. 100 ff.
  4. ↑ Cornelia Wewetzer: Halle and mining. Landesheimatbund Sachsen-Anhalt, 2005, p. 328.
  5. ^ Bergakademie Freiberg (ed.): Archive for deposit research. Volumes 55-61. Akademie-Verlag, 1933, p. 131.
  6. ^ Geographical Society of the German Democratic Republic (ed.): Socialist Society and Territory in the GDR. VEB Hermann Haack, 1972, p. 141.
  7. ^ Lignite mining LAGB Saxony-Anhalt, accessed on September 13, 2019.