Mining Authority

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A mining authority is a lower state supervisory authority. It exercises direct mining supervision over all activities, facilities and systems associated with a mining operation . This also includes the promotion and monitoring of operational safety and occupational safety .

Germany

The legal basis for mining supervision in Germany is the Federal Mining Act . The federal states are responsible for the implementation of the Federal Mining Act, therefore the state authorities are:

Mountain supervision / mountain officials

Mining work always entails specific dangers to health and life, not only for the miners performing these activities, but also the protection of the surface in the interest of public safety. As early as the late Middle Ages, the rulers formed "mountain supervisory bodies" - forerunners of today's mining / state offices - to avert danger. Those who worked here were mountain officials.

The training of these mountain officials was z. B. in Prussia regulated as follows (according to the regulations of September 24, 1897): The prerequisite for acceptance as a so-called "Bergbeflissener" of a senior mining office was a high school diploma. Initially, he completed a year of practical work in one or more mines. This ended with a final examination (the so-called test pit trip).

Then began an academic course of at least three years in the mining subject (e.g. mining academy / technical university). After the first state examination and promotion to "mountain trainee" followed another three-year [...] "... technical and business training at state works, with a mine surveyor , with mining authorities and through longer educational trips. Those who then pass the second examination are appointed "Bergassessor" by the Minister of Commerce. The mountain assessors are initially used as technical assistants. The regular employment with a state company as a mining, smelter or salt works inspector or with a mining district official as a "mining inspector" only takes place after at least five years, that as a district official or works director after several more years ".

Regional mining offices

Historic mining offices

Prussia

In 1777 King Friedrich II commissioned Friedrich Anton Freiherr von Heinitz to manage the entire Prussian mining administration. The minister of the mining and smelting department arranged for the mining of Prussia to be divided into four main mining districts, based on the English model:

  1. the Kurmark, Neumark, East and West Prussia,
  2. Magdeburg, Halberstadt, Hohenstein and the county of Mansfeld,
  3. Silesia and the County of Glatz,
  4. the Westphalian provinces.

These four main mining districts were converted into the Oberbergamtsbezirke Berlin , Halle , Breslau and Dortmund in 1815/16 (later the Oberbergamt Bonn was created for the Rhine Province ). Mining authorities existed as sub-authorities under these intermediate authorities. After the annexations of Prussia after the German War in 1866, the Clausthal Mining Authority was added.

Saxony

The first mining offices in Saxony emerged around 1500. Until the creation of a unified state mining office in Freiberg in 1869, mining offices were separated or merged depending on the importance of mining. The following mining offices were set up over a longer period of time:

In addition, there were numerous vassal miners who had the right to lend lower metals such as tin and iron, as well as their own mountain jurisdiction .

Bamberg

In the bishopric of Bamberg , the caste offices were the lower mining authorities, the court chamber and the government were the upper mining authorities. In the second half of the 18th century separate mining authorities were set up in some offices, 1796, the foundation was the top mine College as authority. Upper mine quorum president was Friedrich Christoph Nepomuk Wilderich Graf von Walder village , Upper mine College Director Friedrich Christoph Graf von Rotenhan . The individual mining offices were:

Austria

In Austria this was the pending entry into force of the Mineral Resources Act on 1 January 1999 Mountain Home team , since it is the mining authorities .

Netherlands

In the Netherlands , the state mountain inspection is carried out by the Staatstoezicht op de Mijnen (SodM) . An important area of ​​responsibility is the supervision of oil production in the North Sea.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ History of the Geological State Office ( Memento of the original from July 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lgrb.uni-freiburg.de
  2. ↑ Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon from 1905, Volume 2, page 674, explanation of "Bergfach".
  3. ↑ Mining Inventory, 2003, pp. XII ff., Online .
  4. ^ Klaus Rupprecht: Hochstift Bamberg, Oberbergwerkskollegium (inventory); Bamberg State Archives, 2002, digitized
  5. ^ Bamberger Hofkalender 1796, p. 53, digitized