Thuringian-Franconian low mountain range

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Thuringian-Franconian low mountain range
surface 4th 700  km²
Systematics according to Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany
Greater region 1st order Low mountain range threshold
Greater region 2nd order Eastern low mountain range threshold
Greater region 3rd order Thuringian-Franconian low mountain range with Vogtland
Main unit group Thuringian-Franconian low mountain range
Geographical location
Coordinates 50 ° 28 '42.6 "  N , 11 ° 12' 22"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 28 '42.6 "  N , 11 ° 12' 22"  E
The Thuringian-Franconian low mountain range together with the Vogtland, with which it forms a large natural region of the 3rd order
The Thuringian-Franconian low mountain range along with the Vogtland , with which there is a natural space Greater Region 3rd order forms
state Thuringia , Bavaria , Saxony
Country Germany , Czech Republic

The Thuringian-Franconian low mountain range is one of Germany's main natural spatial units and bears the code number D48 or 39. It mainly consists of the up to just over 1000 m high mountain range between the low mountain range Thuringian Forest , Thuringian Slate Mountains , Franconian Forest and Fichtel Mountains , which extends from the west and south of Thuringia via Upper Franconia to the southeast until shortly before the Czech border or adjoins the elevations of the Bohemian Massif .

Natural structure

The natural structure of the Thuringian-Franconian low mountain range is based on a Germany-wide breakdown into main unit groups (two-digit numbers) and main units (three-digit numbers) of the Institute for Regional Studies in the 1950s in the multi-part manual of the natural structure of Germany , which describes a main unit on average two book pages dedicated. In contrast to almost all other regions in Germany, the more detailed structure (main unit plus decimal places) of the institute with maps on a scale of 1: 200,000 for large parts of this low mountain range never came about, as East German map sheets were finally dispensed with due to the division of Germany (concerns the Thuringian Forest and the northwest of the Thuringian Slate Mountains, which were planned for sheet 127 Gotha , as well as the northeast of the Slate Mountains on the unpublished sheet 128 Plauen (North) ) and in the otherwise completely mapped western part of Germany, of all parts, the Bavarian-Franconian parts of the country were only completed to a small extent (concerns sheet 142/143 Plauen (south) and sheet 154/155 Bayreuth , which would have dealt with the Fichtelgebirge and large parts of the Franconian Forest, but never appeared). Only on sheet 126 Fulda there is a detailed photo of the north-west of the Thuringian Forest and in sheet 141 Coburg , published late (1987), one of the southern slate mountains and the north-western Franconian forest .

In the early years of the current millennium, the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) finally commissioned a survey of the state which, based on the natural spatial structure, was supposed to identify landscapes that are particularly worthy of protection and which produced the landscape profiles that usually combine several sub-units of a main unit, in rarer cases Describe an entire main unit in cases. For large parts of the Bavarian-Franconian part of the low mountain range, the demarcation of these not very detailed and only partially natural-spatial-oriented inventories represent the only division that is (minimally) finer than those in the main units from 1959 and 1960.

For the Thuringian part of the low mountain range, on the other hand, there is a natural division into the natural areas of Thuringia , which was created by the Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (TLuG Jena) from the 1990s . Although it is initially based on the structure of the Institute for Regional Studies, its demarcations are generally geological . This breakdown also dispenses with the explicit naming of main units and instead subdivides the sub-landscapes into geological (inter alia) low mountain ranges ( affects all landscapes except the southern foothills of the Thuringian Forest ) as well as hilly areas on Buntsandstein ( southern Thuringian Buntsandstein-Waldland ) and Muschelkalk ( Schalkauer Plateau) ).

In the “actual” low mountain ranges, which affect 6 of the 7 main units, the boundary differences between the Thuringian State Institute and the Institute for Regional Studies (TLUG) or BfN are only marginal. In main unit 390, TLUG shifted the border of the Schalkau plateau to the red sandstone woodland from the upper Werra in parts (center) to the west (corridor to the 577  m high Solaberg ). Furthermore, the southern Thuringian red sandstone woodland ends after TLUG in the north at the valley of the Schmalkalde or that of the Silence , but goes in the northwest to the Werra valley. In contrast, the original main unit went north to the valley of the Truse and was covered in the north-west by the Salzunger Werrabergland , which also lies on red sandstone and flanked the Thuringian Forest to the west, to the Werra.

In the 2010s, the Bavarian State Agency for the Environment subdivided the main units relevant to its federal state, although only the two Fichtelgebirge units 394 and 395 are affected here.

Division into main and sub-units

The Thuringian-Franconian low mountain range is structured as follows:

In maps of the GDR , the East Thuringian-Vogtland plateaus ("East Thuringian Slate Mountains") are labeled with the Thuringian Slate Mountains of unit 392 as the common landscape "Thuringian Slate Mountains". However, these belong to the slightly more flat, wavy main side group 41 Vogtland , which together with the Thuringian-Franconian low mountain range forms a large region of the 3rd order .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ From the area indicated in the manual, 505 were deducted for the foreland of the Thuringian Forest, which is not added to all of the more established structures today; after the demarcation of Schönefeld (2008) the area of ​​the Elstergebirge would be added.
  2. ↑ a b Emil Meynen , Josef Schmithüsen (ed.): Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany . Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen / Bad Godesberg 1953–1962 (9 deliveries in 8 books, updated map 1: 1,000,000 with main units 1960).
  3. ↑ a b Werner Röll: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 126 Fulda. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1969. →  Online map (PDF; 4.2 MB)
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Heinz Späth: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 141 Coburg. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1987. →  Online map (PDF; 5.0 MB)
  5. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  6. ^ A b c d Walter Hiekel, Frank Fritzlar, Andreas Nöllert and Werner Westhus: The natural spaces of Thuringia . Ed .: Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (TLUG), Thuringian Ministry for Agriculture, Nature Conservation and Environment . 2004, ISSN  0863-2448 . → Natural area map of Thuringia (TLUG) - PDF; 260 kB → Maps by district (TLUG)
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g Natural areas of the main unit groups 39 and 41 in the Bavaria Atlas of the Bavarian State Government -  Thuringian-Franconian low mountain range and Vogtland ( information )
  8. ^ Name from sheet Coburg; in the manual itself still referred to as "Thuringian Slate Mountains"
  9. ↑ The division into the Hohes Thuringian Slate Mountains and the Schwarza-Sormitz area is more recent and roughly corresponds to the structure in The Natural Spaces of Thuringia , whereby the Schwarza-Sormitz area does not include the parts mapped on the individual sheets.

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