Theodor Albert Sprengel
Carl Christoph Wilhelm Theodor Albert Sprengel (born September 30, 1832 in Wollershausen in the Harz , Kingdom of Hanover ; † July 4, 1900 in Reval , Estonia Governorate , Russian Empire ) was a German-Baltic painter of the Düsseldorf School , translator , writer , art critic and Art teacher .
Life
Sprengel, son of pastor Georg Wilhelm Theodor Sprengel from his second marriage to Charlotte Johanna Friederike, née Gnugt, was a half-brother of Carl August Bernhard Sprengel and Philipp Wilhelm Otto Sprengel, the founders of the Sprengel chocolate factory . From 1844 to 1848 he attended high school in Heiligenstadt , Province of Saxony . From 1849 he studied painting at the Dresden Art Academy . In 1852 he moved to the Düsseldorf Art Academy . There he was a student of the history painters Theodor Hildebrandt and Christian Köhler . In 1854 he completed his studies in Hildebrandt's master class. As a painter, Sprengel mainly created portraits, but also history and altar paintings as well as landscape paintings. In 1868 he made the painting The Reception of the First Lutheran Preacher by the City Council of Reval for the small hall of the Börsenhalle in Reval .
From 1856 to 1866 he worked as a drawing teacher at the Behm School in Wiborg , Grand Duchy of Finland . During this time he received the title "Free Artist" from the St. Petersburg Art Academy . From 1866 he worked as a writing and drawing teacher at the Gouvernementsgymnasium in Reval , later there also at the secondary school for girls and the technical railway school. From 1872 to 1877 he taught at the cathedral school in Reval . As an art teacher, he tried to reform drawing lessons by emphasizing and promoting the development of the students' individuality. Gregor von Bochmann , Karl Alexander von Winkler and Ants Laikmaa were among his students .
In the 1860s and 1870s he gave public lectures in which he mainly presented contemporary German art. For various newspapers in Reval, he wrote art reviews of exhibitions in the Reval Provincial Museum and elsewhere. In his reviews he was one of the first to introduce Scandinavian and Finnish art.
As a writer , Sprengel created works in the areas of children's books , novellas , poems and travelogues .
Sprengel married Caroline Friedrike Wilhelmine von Frisch (1842–1915) in 1862, the daughter of the doctor Robert Wilhelm von Frisch (1808–1855) from Weißenstein . The couple had one child, the daughter Charlotte Friederike Luise Ebba (1867–1954), who married the chemist Michael Wittlich .
Fonts (selection)
- Uncle Bildermann's Christmas greeting , Reval 1866 (with own illustrations)
- Wilde Blüthen , collection of poems, Reval 1897
literature
- Theodor Albert Sprengel . In: Gotthard von Hansen : History sheets of the Revalsche Gouvernements-Gymnasium for its 250th anniversary on June 6, 1881 . Reval 1881, p. 241.
- Sprengel, Theodor Albert . In: Wilhelm Neumann : Lexicon of Baltic artists . Jonck & Poliewsky Publishing House, Riga 1908, p. 153.
- Sprengel, Theodor Albert . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 31 : Siemering – Stephens . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1937, p. 408 .
- Sprengel, Theodor Albert . In: Hans Paffrath (Ed.): Lexicon of the Düsseldorfer Malerschule 1819–1918. Volume 3: Nabert-Zwecker. Published by the Kunstmuseum Düsseldorf in the Ehrenhof and by the Paffrath Gallery. Bruckmann, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-7654-3011-0 , p. 310 f.
- Carola L. Gottzmann , Petra Hörner: Lexicon of the German-language literature of the Baltic States and St. Petersburg . De Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-019338-1 , p. 1219-1220 .
Web links
- Baltic Historical Commission (Ed.): Entry on Carl Christoph Wilhelm Theodor Albert Sprengel. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
- Theodor Albert Sprengel , data sheet in the portal rkd.nl ( Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie )
- Works in the collection of the Estonian Art Museum
- Self-Portrait (1898)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Finding aid 212.01.04 Student lists of the Art Academy Düsseldorf , website in the portal archive.nrw.de ( Landesarchiv Nordrhein-Westfalen )
- ↑ J. Keevallik, R. Loodus, L. Viiroja: texts on art and architecture . Academy of Sciences, Tallinn 2004, Volume 2, p. 28 ff. ( PDF )
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Sprengel, Theodor Albert |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Sprengel, Carl Christoph Wilhelm Theodor Albert (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German-Baltic painter of the Düsseldorf School, translator, writer, art critic and art teacher |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 30, 1832 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Wollershausen , Harz , Kingdom of Hanover |
| DATE OF DEATH | 4th July 1900 |
| Place of death | Reval , Estonia Governorate , Russian Empire |