Wollershausen

Basic data
State :	Lower Saxony
County :	Goettingen
Joint municipality :	Gieboldehausen
Height :	173 m above sea level NHN
Area :	9.15 km 2
Residents:	511 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	56 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	37434
Area code :	05528
License plate :	GÖ , DUD, HMÜ, OHA
Community key :	03 1 59 038
LOCODE :	DE ORH
Address of the ; municipal administration:	Siedlungsstrasse 4 ; 37434 Wollershausen
Website :	www.wollershausen.de
Mayor :	Ulrich Schakowske ( SPD )
Location of the community of Wollershausen in the district of Göttingen

Wollershausen is a municipality in the district of Göttingen in Lower Saxony .

geography

The independent municipality of Wollershausen is made up of the village of Wollershausen and the district of Elbingen and belongs to the Gieboldehausen community , which has its administrative headquarters in the Gieboldehausen area. Wollershausen is in the Harz foreland and borders the Eichsfeld in the south . The Rhume , which rises in one of the largest springs in Europe in the neighboring Rhumspringe , flows south through the entire municipality. The edge of the river bank is protected by the Rhumeaue / Ellerniederung / Gillersheimer Bachtal nature reserve .

history

It can be assumed, based on local name research, that Wollershausen (because of the name ending -hausen) was founded in the early Middle Ages, i.e. before the 10th century, but nothing has been handed down about this first phase of the village's history.

The first documentary mention of a village Woldersshusenn or a knight Dietrich Clawe von Woldersshusenn dates from the year 1241. It is assumed that shortly after 1200 a branch from the esteemed family of the Lords of Osterode moved its seat to Wollershausen and that these knights according to medieval custom adopted the name of the village in which they had settled as a family or gender designation. Another interpretation says that those knights of Wollershausen are descendants of the branch of those of Bockelnhagen , who in turn can be derived from the noble family of those of Minnigerode .

The rule of the Lords of Woldershusen probably ends with the squire Hermann, who in 1387 transferred the patronage of the Wollershausen Marienkirche to the Pöhlde monastery. In return, the Pöhlder monks were supposed to read intercessions and masses for the family, whereby Hermann von Woldershusen wanted to save his and his relatives' souls from purgatory.

From the late 14th century until 1932, the history of Wollershausen has been inextricably linked with the house of Minnigerode, which clearly shaped the development of the place (see culture).

As part of the municipal regional reform in Lower Saxony, Wollershausen was assigned to the district of Göttingen on January 1, 1973 (previously the district of Osterode am Harz ).

Wollershausen celebrated its 750th anniversary in 1992.

Population development

Development of the population (from 1821) :

1821-306
1939-411
1973-533

1986-486
1996 - 418
2001 - 457

2008 - 464
2015 - 519

religion

60% of the residents of Wollershausen are Protestant, 23% Catholic.

The Lutheran parish of St. Mary belongs to the region Eichsfeld of the church district Harzer Land in the diocese of Hildesheim-Göttingen of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hanover .

The local Catholics belong to the parish of St. Sebastian in Rhumspringe , 4 km away ; The St. Andreas branch church in Rüdershausen is even closer to Wollershausen than the parish church . The village of Elbingen, on the other hand, is assigned to the parish of St. Laurentius in Gieboldehausen . Both parishes belong to the dean's office Untereichsfeld of the Diocese of Hildesheim .

politics

2011 municipal election

Wbt .: 70.57%

%

70

60

50

40

30th

20th

10

0

62.48%

37.52%

SPD

CDU

Municipal council

The local council in Wollershausen consists of 7 councilors.

SPD : 4 seats
CDU : 3 seats

(As of: local election on September 11, 2011 )

Local elections 2016:

SPD: 4 seats
CDU: 2 seats
Greens: 1 seat

badges and flags

coat of arms
Hoist flag

Blazon : "In gold (yellow) a soaring, black, red-armored wolf, holding a blue fish hook in his right paw."

The coat of arms was approved by the district president in Hildesheim by order of December 10, 1975 . The wolf comes from the coat of arms of the Lords of Woldershausen and is a so-called speaking coat of arms for the first part of the name (wolf imitates the sound of the syllable 'Wol-'). The five-pointed fish hook goes back to the coat of arms of the Lords of Minnigerode , who ruled the village from 1397 until the 19th century.

Description of the flag: "The flag has yellow and black stripes with a coat of arms in the middle."

Culture and sights

The architectural monuments of Wollershausen are in the list of architectural monuments in Wollershausen .

Wollershausen Castle

Wollershausen, engraving by Matthäus Merian (1654)

In 1398 Duke Friedrich von Grubenhagen thanked the knight Hans von Minnigerode for victoriously safeguarding the ducal interests in an hereditary feud with a fiefdom on Wollershausen. For a long time, the Lords of Minnigerode managed and had the village run from their seat, Allerburg Castle near Bockelnhagen (13 km southeast of Wollershausen, destroyed in the Peasants' War in 1525). If you stayed in Wollershausen, you probably used the manor house built in the early 13th century by the knights of Woldershusen. This noble court, located in the Rhumen lowlands, later burned down.

Johann von Minnigerode (1556–1611), who became the sole owner of the entire manor in 1601, was the first landlord who also lived permanently in Wollershausen. In 1603 he had a new stately mansion built. It was surrounded by a wide moat, over which a drawbridge led to the castle. In contrast to the stone ground floor, the upper storey was half-timbered and had three bay windows with onion domes in the south wing.

The mentioned Johann von Minnigerode married on July 16, 1604 with Dorothea von Hanstein , who brought a considerable fortune into the marriage and was thus able to actively support her husband's building projects. So Johann had St. Mary's Church rebuilt and the rectory built in 1605. The Wollershausen Church also owes some of its most beautiful treasures to the generous lady.

After Johann died in 1611, his wife Dorothea and their three children lived in the manor until 1627. Then they fled to Osterode from the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War. Wollershausen suffered from the war more than any other place in the area. Catholic forces (raiders and peasants from neighboring Eichsfeld) had seized the fighting in the village, stole cattle and other things, and blackmailed, shot or ruthlessly tortured the Protestant residents. In the end the village, which had been partially reduced to rubble and ashes, stood empty and agriculture and cattle ranching were down. In the following years, with the support of the Osteroder government, the reconstruction of the badly damaged village began. In 1647, after the death of his mother Dorothea and his siblings, Hans von Minnigerode returned to the village as heir to the Wollershausen property and, after another absence for several years, began a phase of reconstruction there from 1666. When Hans von Minnigerode died in 1676 and his son Georg Friedrich (1650–1677) followed him at the age of only 27 in 1677, the direct line of succession died out after almost 300 years of continuity.

After a lengthy inheritance process (21 years), Ludwig von Minnigerode (1685–1748), a great-grandson of the brother of Johann von Minnigerode (Hans Caspar von Minnigerode 1560–1602), acquired by comparison with the opposing party (the von Schlitz family called von Görtz ) the Wollershausen estates.

In the meantime, the castle seems to have fallen into serious disrepair, so that the new owner had the old knight's seat, which was level with today's main street, removed. A little further south, Ludwig von Minnigerode instead built today's moated castle in swampy terrain in the years 1732–1735. Large logs were placed there to stabilize the subsoil, which meant that the new building caused enormous costs.

This moated castle in its simple beauty and elegance survived the following centuries almost unscathed, it survived the departure of the Minnigerode family in 1932 and the transfer of their lands and possessions to other hands, so that it still presents itself today in its original imposing effect.

For decades the castle and its outbuildings were used by a youth welfare organization. Since 2015, refugees have been accommodated in the property and accompanied during their integration.

St. Mary's Church

Marienkirche

The St. Mary's (Wollershausen) was documented as a chapel in the former "Woldershusen" first mentioned 1387th The von Woldershusen family of knights gave the Pöhlde monastery the right of patronage over the Wollershausen chapel, which was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary. In 1398, the Lords of Minnigerode took over the patronage right until 1934. During the Reformation between 1533 and 1543, the Protestant faith was introduced in Wollershausen, which, in contrast to the Eichsfeld communities south of the Rhume, belonged to the Duchy of Grubenhagen.

The two-manual organ was created in 1851 by the master organ builder Johann Andreas Engelhardt from Herzberg and was completely overhauled by Martin Hillebrand in 2000 . The instrument has 16 registers , divided into two manuals and a pedal, and has been preserved almost unchanged.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Wollershausen is connected to the road network via various highways with the federal road 27 from Göttingen to Herzberg am Harz and the federal road 247 Northeim to Duderstadt .

Personalities

Johann Andreas Jacobi (1680–1756), Lutheran clergyman
Johann Friedrich Jacobi (1712–1791), Lutheran theologian
Johann Konrad Jacobi (1715–1788), businessman and manufacturer
Christfried Albert Thilo (1813-1894), Lutheran theologian
Theodor Albert Sprengel (1832–1900), painter of the Düsseldorf School, art teacher and writer
Wilhelm Germelmann (1850–1919), civil engineer