Thomas Wizenmann

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
silhouette

Thomas Wizenmann (born November 2, 1759 in Ludwigsburg , † February 22, 1787 in Mülheim an der Ruhr ) was a German theologian, philosopher and writer.

Life

The son of a pietistic cloth maker of the same name , who was the overseer at the Ludwigsburg orphanage, breeding and workhouse, attended the orphanage school and the Latin school in his hometown , where he was in a class with Friedrich Schiller . In 1775 he became a house servant (Famulus) at the Tübingen Evangelical Abbey , which gave him the opportunity to qualify for the teaching profession. Although the Famuli did not want to study theology, he left his office in 1777, in a dispute with the Ephorus Uhland. On October 28th of this year he already passed the master's examination at the university. Wizenmann then studied theology, but was not admitted to the exam and took up a position as private tutor with Pastor Philipp Matthäus Hahn in Kornwestheim . This promoted him and achieved admission to the theology exam, which Wizenmann just passed on March 3, 1780 in Stuttgart . However, the Württemberg parish service was closed to him. Therefore he accepted a vicariate in the knightly village of Essingen near Aalen . His superior was Pastor Maximilian Schülen. In 1783 Wizenmann became a private tutor for the Siebel family of manufacturers in Barmen . When he could no longer do his job for health reasons in 1785, the philosopher and writer Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi , with whom he had a very close friendship , took him on to his estate at Pempelfort (at that time near, today in Düsseldorf ). In 1786 the Senate of the University of Duisburg put him at the top of a list of three for the Chair of Logic and Metaphysics, but he was never employed. In the house of his doctor Georg von Wedekind (at that time in Mülheim an der Ruhr) Wizenmann succumbed to his serious lung disease.

meaning

Wizenmann, who was particularly strongly influenced by the works of Spinoza , Hahn, Moses Mendelssohn , Lessing and Herder , took part in the so-called pantheism controversy . In a book published in 1786, he defended the position of his friend Jacobi. In 1787 Wizenmann published a criticism of Immanuel Kant in the Deutsches Museum , who for his part referred to this treatise and its author in a footnote in the Critique of Practical Reason (1788): "A very fine and bright head, Blessed Wizenmann, his earlier Death is to be regretted ".

Works (selection)

  • (anonymous) Divine development of Satan through the human race . Dessau 1782
  • (anonymous) The results of the Jacobian and Mendelssohn philosophy; critically examined by a volunteer . Leipzig 1786; New edition with an afterword by Reiner Wild. Hildesheim 1984 ISBN 3-8067-0901-7
  • To Professor Kant, from the author of the results of Jacobi and Mendelssohn philosophy . In: Deutsches Museum 1787, Vol. 1, pp. 116–156
  • According to Matthew, the story of Jesus is regarded as self-evidence of its reliability . Leipzig 1789
  • The story of Jesus, according to Matthew, regarded as self-proof of its reliability . Ed. "With an introduction and most and most important things from Wizenmann's estate" by Carl August Auberlen. Basel 1864

estate

Johann Friedrich Kleuker received unprinted writings from Wizenmann, which can be viewed in four volumes in the Kiel University Library under the signature KB 155. Further documents have been preserved in the estate of Alexander von der Goltz, who wrote a two-volume, material-rich biography of Wizenmann with many reproductions of texts and excerpts from letters, in the Greifswald University Archives.

Wizenmann was involved in a pietistic circular correspondence, in which letters were handwritten and distributed to the participants with a specified route.

literature

  • Alexander von der Goltz: Thomas Wizenmann, Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi's friend . 2 volumes, Gotha 1859.
  • Max Heinze :  Wizenmann, Thomas . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 43, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1898, pp. 678-680.
  • Oskar Paret : The philosopher and poet Thomas Wizenmann on his 200th birthday on November 2nd . In: Hie gut Württemberg from November 13, 1959, p. 64.
  • Walter Hagen: Magister Thomas Wizenmann. Theologian, philosopher and poet . In: Lebensbilder aus Schwaben and Franken 9 (1963), pp. 113-133
  • Hermann Timm : God and freedom. Studies on the philosophy of religion of the Goethe era . Vol. 1, Frankfurt / M. 1974, pp. 242-275
  • Pastors' book Württembergisch Franconia . Part 2. Arrangement by Otto Haug with the collaboration of Max-Adolf Cramer and Marlene Holtzmann. Stuttgart 1981, p. 510 No. 2967.
  • Reiner Wild: Afterword . In: Wizenmann 1984 (as above), pp. 1 * –29 *
  • Frederick C. Beiser: The Fate of Reason. German Philosophy from Kant to Fichte . Cambridge, Mass .: Harvard University Press 1987, pp. 109-122.
  • Stephan Zehnle: "He was missing nothing but a longer life ...". Thomas Wizenmann, Philipp Matthäus Hahn's friend . In: Philipp Matthäus Hahn 1739–1790. Vol. 2 (1989), pp. 357-366.
  • Rüdiger Otto: Studies on Spinoza's reception in Germany in the 18th century . Frankfurt / M. inter alia: Peter Lang 1994, pp. 194-214 (not viewed).
  • Martin Brecht : Thomas Wizenmann and his circle [1986]. Again in: Martin Brecht: Selected essays . Vol. 2, Stuttgart 1997, pp. 500-513.
  • Michael Knieriem: Thomas Wizenmann's stay in Barmen 1783–1786 . In: Geschichte im Wuppertal 14 (2005), pp. 8–21
  • Bernd-Ulrich Hergemöller in: Man for Man . Biographical lexicon on the history of love for friends and male-male sexuality in the German-speaking area . Berlin: Lit-Verlag. Vol. 2 (2010), pp. 1285-1287 ISBN 978-3-643-10693-3 .
  • Mario Müller in: German Literature Lexicon . Founded by Wilhelm Kosch. 3rd edition Vol. 34 (2015), Col. 509-513 (accessed via De Gruyter Online).
  • Michael Albrecht in: Kant-Lexikon . Edited by Marcus Willaschek u. a. Vol. 3. Berlin / Boston 2015, pp. 2677–2678 (accessed via De Gruyter Online).

Web links

Wikisource: Thomas Wizenmann  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Thomas Wizenmann  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Klaus Graf : Johann Gottfried Pahl (1768-1839) as vicar in Essingen . In: Archivalia of July 30, 2018 .
  2. ^ The main writings on the pantheism controversy between Jacobi and Mendelssohn . Edited and provided with a historical-critical introduction by Heinrich Scholz . Berlin 1916, p. CXXVI-CXXVIII Internet Archive .
  3. ↑ First edition: Critique of practischen reason . Riga 1788, p. 259 Google Books .
  4. ^ Table of contents 1874: Google Books .
personal data
SURNAME Wizenmann, Thomas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German theologian, philosopher and writer
DATE OF BIRTH November 2, 1759
PLACE OF BIRTH Ludwigsburg
DATE OF DEATH February 22, 1787
Place of death Mülheim an der Ruhr