Trier Institute

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Rahel Amalia Augusta Trier, the founder of the Trier Institute

The Triersche Institute was the midwifery school of the University of Leipzig . Today the name is part of the name of its successor institution, the Clinic and Polyclinic for Gynecology - Triersches Institut . This is part of the Leipzig University Hospital . The Trier Institute was created on the basis of a testamentary foundation by Rahel Amalia Augusta Trier (1731-1806), through which the university received a plot of land for the establishment of a facility for midwifery training. Founded in 1810 as an Accoucher Institute, the Triersche Institute was expanded into a gynecological clinic in 1892 .

history

The first entry in the first birth book from the hand of Director Jörgs on the first birth on the night of October 9, 1810
Grave plaque of the married couple Carl Friedrich and Rahel Amalia Augusta Trier in the old Johannisfriedhof in Leipzig

The “city obstetrician” and dean of the medical faculty Johann Carl Gehler was able to manage a related childless couple, the appellate judge Carl Friedrich Trier (1726–1794), son of the Saxon court and mountain councilor Philipp Friedrich Trier and nephew of the Leipzig mayor Carl Friedrich Trier and since 1766 a member of the Freemason Lodge Minerva , and his second wife Rahel Amalia Augusta Trier, née Beyer zu Staude, enthusiastic about an institution for midwifery training. Based on a mutual agreement with her husband, the widowed Augusta Trier bequeathed her will in her will, dated September 12, 1797, expanded by a codicill in 1803 and confirmed in 1806 in the event of her death, "here in front of Petersthore at the end of Glitschergäßchen [...] in addition to the associated buildings and the meadows, flowers, orangery, pots and all equipment [… of the] laudable University of Leipzig. ”The approximately 11 hectare Triersche Garden, which corresponded to a material value of around 60,000 thalers, was located roughly on the site of Simsonplatz and Wächterstrasse ( → map ). It stipulated that the university should create a midwifery institute to be designed by the medical faculty and under their supervision, in which "decent and capable women [...] free instruction in everything that is necessary for them during a natural birth and delivery Person to do or to avoid is [...] ”should receive. The obstetrics school, like its successor institutions, should be named “the Triersche Institute in the enduring memory of our family”. Three weeks after the founder's death, the property was handed over to the university on May 22, 1806. In the large garden area, which also contained two ponds, the university established the botanical garden .

The necessary money for the establishment of the institute came from legacies already donated earlier, the decrees of the Saxon court councilor and proconsul Johann Wilhelm Richter († 1799, 1,333 thalers) and the bookseller and owner of the Gleditsch publishing house, Christian Andreas Leich († 1803, 20,000 thalers). Together with Trier's legacy, this enabled the establishment of the new Trier Institute, which was inaugurated on October 8, 1810, after the maternity hospital with a capacity of six beds had opened the day before. The first child, a boy, was born on the night of October 9, 1810. The first director of the Trier Institute was Johann Christian Jörg , the first professor of gynecology at the University of Leipzig, and King Friedrich August I paid 300 thalers a year for his salary . Jörg's assistant was the young doctor Carl Gustav Carus until 1813 . The later head of the Dresden Midwifery School, professor of obstetrics, polymath and artist, is one of the most important personalities who worked at the Trier Institute.

The garden in the Pleißeniederung was very swampy, which according to the ideas of the time caused diseases. In September 1828 the Trier Institute was relocated to the Grimmaischer Steinweg No. 1294 (Napoleonic numbering), in which private apartments were previously located ( → map ). The old property with the botanical garden was built on until 1909 with the imperial court building , the university library , the conservatory and the art academy .

When more and more pregnant women could no longer be admitted due to a lack of space, the foundation stone for a multi-storey building at Dresdner Straße 8, as the Grimmaische Steinweg was temporarily called, was laid on June 18, 1852. The architect was Albert Geutebrück . The transverse building with the front facing Johannisgasse and an auditorium were opened on August 1, 1853. The number of beds doubled to 24.

After Jörg's death in 1856, Carl Siegmund Franz Credé became director. Under Credé's direction, the clinic experienced a great boom and gained the reputation of being one of the most modern teaching institutes in obstetrics and increasingly also in gynecology. After approval by the Royal Saxon Ministry of Culture and Public Education, he incorporated the obstetric outpatient clinic, founded by Heinrich Friedrich Germann (1820–1878) in 1849, into the midwifery school. The number of deliveries rose to around 300 per year and was steadily increasing. In 1878 he enlarged the institute building and expanded the specialist area from pure obstetrics to gynecology, which was made possible by the granted permission to "include such gynecological cases that are important for teaching in the institute". Credé was one of the first to perform gynecological operations.

At the beginning of the 1880s, due to a lack of space and to improve the spatial and technical conditions, Credé campaigned for the construction of a new clinic in the “Medical Quarter”, which was built around the St. Jakob Hospital, which opened in 1871 . However, a progressive illness forced him to give up his offices. His successor was Paul Zweifel in 1887 , who pushed ahead with the construction of the new clinic, which was built at Stephanstraße 11 ( → map ). This could be inaugurated in 1892. It was designed by Arwed Roßbach and was considered a prototype for a women's clinic for its time. With the move to the new building, the name was also changed to Universitätsfrauenklinik (Triersches Institut) . With the new structural facilities and Paul Zweifel at the head of the surgical team, the clinic made a name for itself as a center of surgical gynecology. From 1892 to 1910, over 4,000 gynecological and obstetric surgeries were performed.

  • The first Trier institute in the old botanical garden

  • The Triersche Institute in the Grimmaischen Steinweg

  • The women's clinic on Stephanstrasse

  • Demonstration in the lecture hall of the women's clinic, 1905

  • In the operating room of the women's clinic, 1905

The building of the women's clinic 1928–2007 in Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse
The women's clinic, since 2007 in the “Center for Women's and Children's Medicine” in Liebigstrasse

After 34 years in office, Paul Zweifel retired in 1921. As the successor of the doubt, the University of Leipzig was interested in the then most famous gynecologist in Germany, Walter Stoeckel . However, the latter made the acceptance of his appointment dependent on the construction of a new, modern and even larger clinic, because the building in Stephanstrasse no longer met the scientific requirements and the further growing number of patients.

That is why the construction of the new women's clinic began in 1922. The fourth home of the Trier Institute, a three-wing complex with a park-like inner courtyard, extended over the properties at Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 55–57, Karl-Siegismund-Strasse 12–16 and Semmelweisstrasse 14 ( → map ). Stoeckel pushed ahead with the construction of the clinic with great intensity, even during the inflation , but was unable to reap the fruits of his labor, since in 1926 he accepted a call to the Charité Berlin before it was completed . The new building was opened on June 30, 1928. The architect of the building in the New Objectivity style was Oskar Kramer . With 340 beds in seven wards, several delivery rooms and over 100 newborn beds , the facility was the largest and most modern European gynecological clinic at the time. Hugo Sellheim was now the director . The building in Stephanstrasse was supplemented by Hubert Ritter in 1927 as a dermatological clinic.

During the air raid on Leipzig on December 4, 1943, parts of the clinic were hit. The top floor of the B wing, the lecture hall and part of the operating theater were destroyed. Robert Schröder was the director of the clinic at that time and remained so after the Second World War , with the exception of a brief period of exemption , although he was involved in the Nazi regime . In addition to his medical work, which focused in particular on the fight against cancer (early detection through regular preventive examinations , colposcopy , cytology , centralization of therapy (surgery, radiation) and continuous follow-up care, both medically and socially), he was also instrumental in legislative questions in East Germany Health system involved ( Ordinance on the Reporting of Tumor Diseases , Law on Mother and Child Protection and Women's Rights ).

His successors had to struggle particularly with the problems resulting from the politics of the GDR (shortage of doctors, material shortages), but also achieved medically remarkable achievements. Clinic director Norbert Aresin turned his attention to the medical and social problems of women. He set up a marriage and sexual counseling service in the clinic , which his wife, Professor of Neurology and Psychiatry Lykke Aresin, ran for a long time. Under Aresin's successor Karl Bilek , the first pair of twins conceived by in vitro fertilization was born in Leipzig on December 15, 1985 .

After the fall of the Wall , the overdue renovations became possible. With ongoing operations, the clinic was completely renovated over a period of 15 years for the equivalent of around 35 million euros. A new part of the building with an operating theater wing and delivery room, attached to the west, was put into operation in April 2004. But there were also, for. Partly due to the decline in the birth rate, capacity cuts necessary.

In March 2005, as part of the establishment of a center for short distances between individual clinics, the foundation stone was laid for a new “Center for Women's and Children's Medicine” in Liebigstrasse 20a ( → map ). Taking into account the central building of the old surgical clinic from 1900, which was originally approved for demolition but was then renovated in accordance with a listed building, the architect Martin Richter from the Dresden office of Wörner + Partner built a new ensemble which, on August 3, 2007 , housed the Clinic and Polyclinic for Gynecology - Triersches Institut and the Clinic and Polyclinic for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine moved in together. The Translational Center for Regenerative Medicine (TRM) , founded in October 2006, moved into the building on Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße .

Head of the clinic

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Otto Werner Förster; Günter Martin Hempel: Leipzig and the Freemasons. A cultural story. Taurus Verlag, Leipzig 2008, ISBN 978-3-9810303-4-1 , pp. 72, 132
  2. ↑ Markus Cottin et al .: Leipzig Monuments. Edited by the Leipziger Geschichtsverein e. V., Sax-Verlag, Beucha 1998, ISBN 3-930076-71-3 , p. 76 f.
  3. ↑ a b c 200 years of Leipzig University Women's Clinic. P. 8 f.
  4. ↑ Irma Hildebrandt: Portrait without biography. The benefactress Rahel Amalia Augusta Trier. In: Provocations to Tea. 18 portraits of women from Leipzig. Eugen Diederichs Verlag, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-424-01417-6 , pp. 57-65 (62)
  5. ↑ Birgit Hartung: Albert Geutebrück. Builder of Classicism in Leipzig . Lehmstedt-Verlag, Leipzig 2003, ISBN 3-937146-05-9 , p. 71 ff. And p. 142
  6. ↑ Ärzteblatt Sachsen, H. 2/2011, p. 72
  7. ↑ 200 years of the Leipzig University Women's Clinic. P. 34
  8. ↑ Translation Center for Regenerative Medicine Leipzig: Leaflet ( Memento from November 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF, 718 KB)
  9. ↑ Translational Center for Regenerative Medicine. In: bionity.com. Retrieved April 12, 2020 .

literature

  • Thomas Seidler, Karl Bilek, Gabriele Pretzsch: 200 years of the Leipzig University Women's Clinic. Leipziger Medien-Service, Leipzig 2010, ISBN 978-3-942360-02-9
  • Gabriele Pretzsch: 200 years of Leipzig University Women's Clinic . In: Ärzteblatt Sachsen . tape 2 , 2011, ISSN  0938-8478 , p. 71–76 ( online [PDF; 146 kB ; accessed on August 12, 2019]).
  • Henry Alexander, Andrea Hommel: The Leipzig University Women's Clinic (Triersches Institut) from its beginnings in 1810 to 1945. In: Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie, Vol. 122 (2000), No. 10, pp. 507-513, ISSN  0044-4197
  • Sabine Fahrenbach: Johann Christian Gottfried Jörg and the “Triersche Institute”. On the 150th anniversary of his death on September 20, 2006 and the 200th anniversary of the Trier Foundation. In: University of Leipzig. Anniversaries 2006. People - Events. University of Leipzig, Leipzig 2006, ISBN 3-934178-58-8 , pp. 125–130
  • Horst Riedel: Stadtlexikon Leipzig from A to Z. PRO LEIPZIG, Leipzig 2005, ISBN 3-936508-03-8 , p. 604

Web links

Commons : Triersches Institut  - collection of images, videos and audio files