Trnovany (Teplice)

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Trnovany
Trnovany does not have a coat of arms
Trnovany (Teplice) (Czech Republic)
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Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Ústecký kraj
District : Teplice
Municipality : Teplice
Area : 532 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 39 '  N , 13 ° 50'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 39 '10 "  N , 13 ° 50' 23"  E
Height: 225  m nm
Residents : 19,123 (2011)
Postal code : 415 01, 417 11
License plate : U
traffic
Street: I / 13 : Teplice - Chlumec
Railway connection: Ústí nad Labem – Chomutov
The so-called "knight's castle" in Trnovany
Market on the former Kaiserstrasse in Turn, now Masarykova
Roman Catholic Parish Church - "Red Church"
Former Protestant church in Turn - "Green Church"

Trnovany ( German  Turn ) is a district of Teplice in the Czech Republic .

Geographical location

Trnovany is located on the brook Bystřice (Flößbach) in the northeast of Teplice in the cadastral area of ​​Teplice-Trnovany with an area of ​​5.32 km² at the foot of the Ore Mountains on the former Old Dresden-Teplitzer Poststrasse . In 2011 the district had 19,123 inhabitants.

history

The first written mention of the village comes from 1057, making it the oldest mention of the later town of Teplice. Trnovany was a village with farms around the village square (Anger, today U Červeného kostela ) and several ponds. The Princely Clarysche Brewery was located between Trnovany and Teplice . It was not until the middle of the 19th century that the character of the village began to change. Industrialization began with the construction of the railways and the availability of coal. This brought new residents to Turn and the number of residents increased tenfold within forty years. The ceramics industry arrived, e.g. B. the porcelain manufacturer Amphora-Werke Turn-Teplitz, which exported its products all over the world. Schools, churches and other public institutions have now been built. The tram line from Teplitz to Eichwald (Dubí) ran through the town of Turn, which was promoted to town in 1910 . In 1942 Turn was incorporated into Teplitz. In the 1970s, large parts of Trnovany north of Masaryk Street were demolished and replaced by new buildings. The Evangelical Christ Church (called "Green Church"), built as an Art Nouveau building by the Dresden architects Schilling & Graebner, and the corner café "Zur Linde", which was located next to the Herz-Jesu Church (called "Red Church"), disappeared .

Sons and daughters of the place

Important buildings by Turn

The old turn owes its appearance to the work of the architect Fritz Hühnl.
Next to the main churches of Turn

  • Protestant Christ Church, called "Green Church", as an Art Nouveau building by Schilling & Graebner (1899–1905), destroyed in 1973
  • Roman Catholic Herz-Jesu parish church, called "Red Church", by Gustav Jirsch (1907–1909), a three-aisled basilica with a 74 m high bell tower
  • the society house "Knight's Castle" (Masarykova třída 30/95) (1887) and
  • the excursion restaurant on the Teplice Castle Hill ( Doubravská hora ) by Friedrich Ohmann (1896–1900)

The most important buildings of that time were the townhouses designed and built by Fritz Hühnl in the Heimatstil or Nuremberg style :

Except for the Asgard house, all of these buildings were destroyed and torn down in the 1970s.
Other buildings in Trnovany:

  • House of Oskar and Hermine Kästner (Doubravská 677) by Franz Kästner (1901)
  • Hotel "Imperator" (U Červeného kostela 11, 12) by Wilhelm Palme (1912), demolished in September 2018.
  • Triple villa " Kaiser Wilhelm " (Jana Koziny 854, 855 and 856) by Fritz Hühnl (1912/13)
  • Town houses (ul.Jana Koziny, Karla Aksamita, Havířská 906, 907, 908, 1011) by Fritz Hühnl (1919/20)
  • Houses of the miners' colony (ul. Havířská, Gen. Svobody, Karla Aksamita, Brandlova 981 to 1003) owned by František Albert Libra (1923–1925).

City architect Fritz Hühnl

Fritz (Friedrich) Hühnl (June 12, 1875 in Turn; † May 17, 1943 in Teplitz) graduated from the State Trade School in Reichenberg (Liberec) from 1893 to 1896 and then worked as an independent architect in Turn, where he later also became a city architect. He was initially inspired by the architecture of the Dresden architects Schilling & Graebner. For the townhouses he designed, he adopted the Heimat style or Nuremberg style. His goal was to turn the town of Turn into a “little Nuremberg”. Its buildings were decorated with stucco and had names that were supposed to reflect the history of the Evangelical faith, Germanic myths and the history of the Turner movement . In 1899 Hühnl converted to the Protestant faith . In the school year 1918/19 he was assistant to Leopold Bauer at the special school for architecture of the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna . After World War I, his designs featured modernized forms, but by the 1920s he had lost its influence.

literature

  • Antonín Profous, Jan Svoboda: Místní jména v Čechách: Jejich vznik, původní význam a změny (S – Ž), Svazek IV (Local names in Bohemia: their origin, original meaning and changes (S – Z), Volume IV), Praha, Nakladatelství Československé akademie věd, 1957, 868 p., See [1]
  • Hanzlík, Jan; Zajoncová, Jana; Hájková, Lenka: Teplice - Architektura moderní doby. 1860–2000 (Teplitz: Architecture of the Modern Age. 1860–2000). Národní památkový ústav, ÚOP Ústí nad Labem, 2016, 360 pages, ISBN 978-80-85036-66-4
  • Zykmund, Jan et al .: Turn - 100 let města Trnovany-Teplice (Turn - 100 years of the town of Turn-Teplice), Europrint, 2010, ISBN 978-80-254-8772-3

Web links

Commons : Trnovany  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/766259/Teplice-Trnovany
  2. ↑ Antonín Profous, 1957 (Czech) (accessed November 5, 2018)
  3. ↑ Hanzlík (2016), pp. 79–81
  4. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Teplitz - Christ Church (Czech) (accessed on November 5, 2018)
  5. ↑ Hanzlík (2016), p. 39
  6. ↑ Hanzlík (2016), p. 33
  7. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Teplitz - Hühnl: Huttenhaus (Czech) (accessed on November 5, 2018)
  8. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Teplitz - Hühnl: Friesen (Czech) (accessed on November 5, 2018)
  9. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Teplitz - Hühnl: Asgard (Czech) (accessed on November 5, 2018)
  10. ↑ Hanzlík (2016), p. 74
  11. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Teplitz - Hühnl: Reichstag (Czech) (accessed on November 5, 2018)
  12. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Teplitz - Hühnl: Donarseck (Czech) (accessed on November 5, 2018)
  13. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Teplitz - Hühnl: Wittenberg (Czech) (accessed on November 5, 2018)
  14. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Teplitz - Hühnl: Lotsenblick (Czech) (accessed on November 5, 2018)
  15. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Teplitz - Hühnl: Zur Linde (Czech) (accessed on November 5, 2018)
  16. ↑ Hanzlík (2016), p. 37
  17. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Teplitz - Palme: Imperator (Czech) (accessed on November 5, 2018)
  18. ↑ Hotel Imperator (Czech) (accessed November 7, 2018)
  19. ↑ Hanzlík (2016), p. 140
  20. ↑ Architecture in Northern Bohemia - Teplitz - Hühnl: Town Houses (Czech) (accessed on November 5, 2018)
  21. ↑ Hanzlík (2016), p. 146
  22. ↑ Hanzlík (2016), pp. 79–81 and 330