Ulrich von Winterstetten

Ulrich von Winterstetten , also von Schmalegg or von Schmalegg - Winterstetten (* probably around 1225 , verifiably lived between 1241 and 1280 ) was a German clergyman and poet. Ulrich's literary works, which he wrote in Middle High German , consisted primarily of dance songs and miniature poetry.

Ulrich von Winterstetten ( Codex Manesse , early 14th century)

The minnesinger Ulrich von Winterstetten , represented in the Manessische Liederhandschrift , is probably identical with the Schenk Ulrich von Schmalegg ( Uolrich von Smalnegge ) attested by documents .

Life

Konrad von Tanne -Winterstetten with ancestral castle in Winterstettenstadt (Upper Swabia), Ulrich's maternal grandfather, was a friend of the Hohenstaufen emperor Friedrich II and educator of the fellow-king Henry VII. He was a gift in the Duchy of Swabia and thus a high Hohenstaufen ministerial .

Konrad's son-in-law Konrad von Schmalegg, Ulrich's father, was a Guelph ministerial based in Schmalegg (today in Ravensburg ) and inherited his goods and the office of gift giving in 1243. From then on, both Konrad and all of his sons adorned their names with the title Schenk (also Latin pincerna ). After their father's imminent death, the sons shared the large property, with Konrad jr. Winterstetten received the property, Heinrich the Schmalegg family castle , Rudolf Alttann , Hermann Otterswang and Burkhard Ittendorf . Ulrich and his brother Eberhard embarked on a spiritual career. Kruse / Selge try to give an impression of Ulrich's possible career by attending school in Weißenau monastery , possibly also in Weingarten , studying theology in Constance , where his uncle Heinrich was a bishop, and traveling abroad to France and Italy, for example as a companion of King Konrad IV , close to the family , suspect.

Ulrich was first mentioned in a document in 1241 when his father sold the Torkenweiler property to the Weißenau monastery . In 1258 he was named as Canon of Augsburg , in 1265 as rector ecclesiae in Biberach (presumably a church office that represented an additional benefice ) and in 1269, 1276 and 1280 again as Canon of Augsburg (the canon did not require a permanent residence in Augsburg, however cannot necessarily be deduced from a center of life there). In 1269 he attested for the only time under the name of Ulrich von Winterstetten, Canon of Augsburg, a document by Walther von Klingen, who was also known as a minstrel . Ulrich is named as a victim or witness in a total of 15 documents, most recently in a document issued by himself from September 20, 1280 , in which he hands over property near Wolpertsheim to the Baindt Monastery, which his grandfather donated , and compensates for it with property near Diepoldshofen becomes.

plant

Ulrich's works have been handed down exclusively in the Great Heidelberger Liederhandschrift (Codex Manesse) , which contains five Leichs (dance songs) with over 140 stanzas each, as well as around thirty courtly Minnelieder and five daily songs with 3 to 5 stanzas each. This makes Ulrich's work the most extensive of the poets represented in the manuscript after Walthers von der Vogelweide . In 1890 Konrad Burdach concluded from the type and scope of the dance songs a particularly successful performance, which was also favored by pleasant music, and therefore even compares Ulrich with the Viennese waltz king Johann Strauss .

Despite the popular refrains and sometimes burlesque content, Ulrich's works can be assigned to court lyric poetry in terms of structure and ideas.

Ulrich in art and literature

Schenkenbrunnen in Schmalegg

"Ulrich von Winterstetten" parade group at the Ravensburger Rutenfest

The Codex Manesse contains an ideal portrait of Ulrich, showing him handing a scroll to a messenger. The coat of arms shown in the miniature shows the "double hook", the coat of arms of the Schmalegg ministerial family, which is used today as the coat of arms of the village of Schmalegg.

Ulrichs has been remembered in his Swabian homeland since his rediscovery at the end of the 19th century, initially through regional literary history and local historians. The 1948 story The Enemy Brothers of Winterstetten by the Upper Swabian author Maria Müller-Gögler describes a dispute between Ulrich and his brother Konrad. A mural based on the miniature in Codex Manesse has been on the town hall in Winterstettenstadt since 1978; since 1988 a sculpture depicting him as a minstrel with a lute (design: Klaus Fix) has adorned the village fountain in Schmalegg. At the Ravensburger Rutenfest a pageant group commemorates Ulrich.

expenditure

(Selection)

• Jakob Minor: The corpse and songs of the Schenken Ulrich von Winterstetten . Konegen, Vienna 1882
• Karl Bartsch: German song poet of the 12th to 14th centuries . Edited by Wolfgang Golther. Berlin 1914, pp. 207-219
• Carl von Kraus: Minnesang of the 13th century . 2nd Edition. Niemeyer, Tübingen 1962, pp. 94-112
• Carl von Kraus: German song poet of the 13th century. Volume 1 . 2nd Edition. Niemeyer, Tübingen 1978, ISBN 3-484-10284-5 , pp. 495-554
• Complete digital edition: Ulrich von Winterstetten in Poetry of the German Middle Ages (LDM)

literature

• Ernst Bremer: Aesthetic convention and historical experience. On the historical semantics of Ulrich von Winterstetten's Minnesang . In: Cyril W. Edwards (ed.): Song in the German Middle Ages. Tradition, types, use . Chiemsee-Colloquium 1991. Niemeyer, Tübingen 1996, ISBN 3-484-10729-4 , pp. 129-145
• Konrad Burdach:  Ulrich Schenk of Winterstetten . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 31, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1890, pp. 68-73.
• Fritz Grimme: The Rhenish-Swabian minstrels. Documented contributions to the history of minnesong in southwest Germany . Paderborn 1897, pp. 157-165
• Adelbert von Keller : Schenk Ulrich von Winterstetten . In: Württembergischer Bildersaal, first volume. Schaber, Stuttgart 1859, pp. 65–67 ( digitized version )
• Norbert Kruse and Martin Selge: Minnesang in the Oberland. Gift of Ulrich von Schmalegg-Winterstetten. Introduction and Part I (Life and Work) . In: Im Oberland , Heft 1, 1990, pp. 11-18 (with an overview of the 15 documents in which Ulrich is named)
• Norbert Kruse and Martin Selge: Minnesang in the Oberland. Gift of Ulrich von Schmalegg-Winterstetten. Part II (The Great Unknown) and Part III (Temptation to Read) . In: Im Oberland , Heft 1, 1991, pp. 11-18 (with bibliography)
• Maria Müller-Gögler : The hostile brothers from Winterstetten , in: Stories . Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1980, ISBN 3-7995-1605-0
• Gustav Rosenhagen: Ulrich von Winterstetten , in: The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author Lexicon . Volume IV. 1st edition 1953. Col. 612-614
• Gustav Rosenhagen: The corpse of Tannhauser and Ulrich von Winterstetten , in: Journal for German Philology . Born 1936, H. 61, pp. 269-274
• Aribert Selge: Studies on Ulrich von Winterstetten . Berlin 1929 (reprint: Kraus, Nendeln / Liechtenstein 1967)
• Martin Selge: Uolrich . In: Norbert Kruse and Harald Pfaff (eds.): Swer des vergezze der tet mir leide. Festschrift for Siegfried Rother . Eppe, Bergatreute 1989, ISBN 3-89089-350-3 , pp. 81-102
• Gebhard Streicher: Minnesang's refrain. Ulrich von Winterstetten's refrain canzones. Design grammar, performance structure, traditional usage . Kümmerle, Göppingen 1984 ISBN 3-87452-590-2
• Ulrich von Winterstetten , in: Ulrich Gaier u. a. (Ed.): Schwabenspiegel. Literature from the Neckar to Lake Constance 1000–1800. Volume 1 . OEW, Ulm 2003, ISBN 3-937184-00-7 , pp. 486-487

Web links

Wikisource: Ulrich von Winterstetten  - Sources and full texts

• Ulrich von Winterstetten in the great Heidelberg song manuscript (Codex Manesse)
• Ulrich von Winterstetten in the Bavarian literature portal (project of the Bavarian State Library )