Unrounded, half-open back vowel

IPA mark	ʌ
IPA number	314
IPA character description	vertically mirrored Latin minuscule v
Unicode	U + 028C
HTML (dec.)	& # 652;
X-SAMPA	V
Kirshenbaum	V
Audio sample ? / i [ ʔʌː ]

Phonetic and orthographic realization of the unrounded half-open back vowel - in linguistic literature also called a weakened dark a - in different languages:

• English [⁠ ʌ ⁠] : by "o, u, oo ou" (always before consonants), respectively. The exact pronunciation varies depending on the dialect e.g. T. strong (z. B. are "o", "u" and "ou" in connection with "r" in North America mostly as [⁠ ɝ ⁠] pronounced).
  • Examples: w o rry [ 'wʌɹi ], c u t [ kʰʌt ], b u tter [ ˈbʌɾɚ ], bl oo d [ blʌd ], c ou rage [ ' kʰʌɹɪdʒ ],
• Korean [ ʌ (ː) ]: ㅓ (transcription eo or ŏ ). The different lengths of the vowel can change the meanings (see 1st example); to more clearly distinguish the longer version can also serve as [ə] or [⁠ ɘ ⁠] are pronounced.
  • Examples: 벌 [ pʌl ] "punishment" or [ pʌːl ] / [ pəːl ] / [ pɘːl ] "bee", 서울 (S eo ul) [ sʰʌ.ul ] " Seoul "

See also

• vocal
• Back vowel
• Rounding (phonetics)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Ulrich Ammon , Hans Bickel , Jakob Ebner, Ruth Esterhammer, Markus Gasser, Lorenz Hofer, Birte Kellermeier-Rehbein, Heinrich Löffler, Doris Mangott, Hans Moser, Robert Schläpfer, Michael Schloßmacher, Regula Schmidlin, Günter Vallaster: German dictionary of variants: The Standard language in Austria, Switzerland and Germany as well as in Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, East Belgium and South Tyrol . Verlag Walter de Gruyter , 2004, ISBN 978-3-11-090581-6 , p. XXII ( google.de ).