Nanjing Aerospace University

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南京 航空 航天 大学
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
founding 1952
Sponsorship Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
place Nanjing , People's Republic of China
Rector Never Hong (聂 宏)
Students 29,000
Employee 3131
Annual budget $ 150 million
Website nuaa.edu.cn

The Nanjing Aerospace University ( Chinese  南京 航空 航天 大學  /  南京 航空 航天 大学 , Pinyin Nánjīng Hángkōng Hángtiān Dàxué ), Jiangsu Province , known abroad as the Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , therefore often abbreviated to "NUAA", is one First-rate University of the People's Republic of China . In 1996 it belonged to the first group of educational establishments designated as Universities of Excellence within the framework of “ Project 211 ”. In addition to its headquarters in the Qinhuai district , the university has had a campus in the Jiangning district since 1999 and another in Liyang since 2019 .

history

Nanjing Aviation Industry College

The beginnings of the University of Aerospace Go back to November 1951, when the Aerospace Industry Bureau (航空 工业 局, a predecessor organization of today's AVIC ) founded on April 18, 1951 in the Ministry of Heavy Industry of the Central Government (中央 人民政府 重工业 部) issued the instruction that a high school should be established at that office's 511 Nanjing Factory . A school building commission under the leadership of factory director Deng Yongqing (邓永清, 1921–1998) was established and immediately began planning. In June 1952, it was determined that the name of the facility should be "Nanjing Aviation Industry College" (南京 航空 工业 专科学校). Deng Yongqing was appointed rector in September of that year, at the same time he remained director of the aircraft factory, which continued to operate until 1956. The former East China Military District (华东军 区) sent 1,200 soldiers to the school for preparatory classes. The inauguration ceremony of the college took place on October 19, 1952, and lessons began on October 20, 1952 for the 973 soldiers who had proven to be suitable. At that time there were six three-year courses of study based on the Soviet model at the university of applied sciences, located south of the remains of the old imperial palace from the Ming dynasty :

On August 7, 1952, the Second Ministry of Mechanical Engineering (第二 机械 工业 部) was established, in which China's military and civil nuclear activities were bundled; the aviation industry office was incorporated into the new ministry as the “fourth office” (第四局). In May 1955, the Second Ministry proposed that Nanjing University of Applied Sciences should be relocated to Xi'an and upgraded to an aviation academy. However, Director Deng Yongqing and Party Secretary Zhou Nan (周 南) said it would be difficult. The plan was then dropped and the technical college was given time to develop in peace.

Nanjing Aviation Academy

On April 28, 1956, the college was upgraded to the "Aviation Academy Nanjing" (南京 航空 学院). The three-year technical college courses (专科) were phased out; instead, faculties with regular four-year engineering courses (本科) were created; the former courses for reciprocating engines and jet engines were merged in December 1956 to form the Faculty of Engine Construction. Instead of the technical college, the East China Aviation Academy (华东 航空 ​​学院) was relocated to Xi'an and renamed the “Aviation Academy Xi'an” (西安 航空 学院), which later became the Polytechnic University of Northwest China . The nearby Weigang Campus (卫岗 校园) of the East China Aviation Academy at the foot of the Purple Mountains has been added to the Nanjing Aviation Academy .

Between November 1956 and February 1957, the courses at the University of Applied Sciences for Aviation Industry Suzhou were successively handed over to the Nanjing Aviation Academy, which in turn had to hand over the Weigang campus to the Nanjing Agricultural Academy . At the end of 1970, the Northwest China Polytechnic University again handed over the helicopter department to the Nanjing Aviation Academy, which in 1978 was appointed a priority university (全国 重点 大学) by the State Council of the People's Republic of China . In 1981 the State Council gave the Academy the right to award doctorates.

Nanjing Aerospace University

Main entrance to the Imperial Palace Campus in Qinhuai District

In 1993 the aviation academy was renamed “University of Aerospace Nanjing” (南京 航空 航天 大学), in 1996 it was included in “ Project 211 ”, that is to say, it was one of the top universities that the then State Commission for Education for a focus on expansion was planned. This began in 1998 with the construction of the Jiangning Campus (江宁 校区), also known as the “General Road Campus” (将军 路 校区), in the south of the city. The first students moved into the campus a year later. In 2000, the university's Ministry of Education approved the establishment of a graduate school (研究生 院). Since 2005 foreign students have been accepted at the University of Aerospace, both for regular courses and in special pre-diploma courses ("B. Eng") for foreigners who only cover the field of aviation, not space travel. The language of instruction in the pre-diploma courses for foreigners is English, but the university also offers Chinese language courses. On September 5, 2019, a third, 65 hectare campus (天目湖 校区) was opened in the large community of Tianmuhu (天目湖 镇) south of Liyang .

On December 9, 2006, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China launched a funding program for universities which, on the one hand, had proven their excellence by belonging to the approximately one hundred universities of Project 211, but were not yet among the 39 true elite universities of Project 985 . This “funding program for innovation platforms in key disciplines” (优势 学科 创新 平台 项目) does not fund entire universities, but rather individual institutes and courses. 2011, the program "has been designing and building aircraft and flight safety " added the university in this program.

Faculties

Run-Run-Shaw building on the Imperial Palace campus

Nanjing Aerospace University now has 19 faculties:

The university's rector has been aeronautical engineer Nie Hong (聂 宏, * 1960) since May 2013, who has been teaching there since receiving his doctorate at the Faculty of Aviation Technology in June 1990. In the 2019/20 academic year, in addition to the administrative staff, the university had 3,131 employees in the actual university operations, including 1,845 lecturers and 1,286 research assistants; 535 professors worked as doctoral supervisors. In that academic year there were 29,000 students, including 18,000 engineering students, 10,000 doctoral students and 1,000 postdocs, plus almost 5,000 senior students . The university's annual research budget, excluding administrative costs, is $ 150 million.

research

The university has a large number of research laboratories. One focus of the research is the development of unmanned aerial vehicles. In 1968, for example, China's first target display drone, the ChangKong-1, was made ready for production at what was then the Nanjing Aviation Academy . Based on the ChangKong-1, the CK-1A was developed, a sampling drone that was flown through the radioactive cloud for the first time on September 17, 1977 directly after the detonation of a 20-kiloton bomb at the Lop Nor nuclear weapons test site and was therefore faster and delivered more accurate results than samples taken with a manned aircraft. The CK-1B, first used in 1983, was a target acquisition drone optimized for low altitudes, while the CK-1C, developed in 1983/84, was a target acquisition drone with a powerful drive that could perform sophisticated cornering maneuvers and thus simulate an enemy combat aircraft for training purposes.

1992 began with the development of the unmanned helicopter WZ-1 "Xiangniao" (翔 鸟, ie "circling bird"), which completed its first flight in January 1996. This helicopter drone with a maximum altitude of 1500 m, a top speed of 150 km / h and an operating time of up to 4 hours had, unlike today's camera drones, a propeller at the rear that stopped the torque of the helicopter. The support frame of the drone, modeled on the shape of a real helicopter, was made of an aluminum alloy covered with a sandwich skin with a honeycomb core made of glass fiber reinforced plastic . Was driven in 1998 at the air show in Zhuhai for the first time publicly presented device from a water-cooled two-stroke engine , it has been used to monitor forest fire risk areas and fishing grounds.

China's first real helicopter, the Yan'an -2 (延安 二号), was also developed by the Nanjing Aviation Academy. The idea of ​​developing a helicopter had already been thought of in 1959, but this plan was then dropped. When the border guard units of the People's Liberation Army announced a need for light helicopters in 1965 , the old plans were taken up again. First, the development contract for a helicopter that could perform patrol and reconnaissance flights as well as transport tasks was awarded to the Polytechnic University of Northwest China in Xi'an . At the end of 1970, however, this gave the helicopter department to the Nanjing Aviation Academy, where development work continued despite the Cultural Revolution . On September 4, 1975, the helicopter's maiden flight took place at what was then Ostberg Airfield (东山 机场) in the Jiangning district (today's Nanjing-Lukou Airport ).

Another research focus at the University of Aerospace is ornithopters . In 2003 the "swing wing Cuiniao" or "Eisvogel" (翠鸟 扑 翼 机) was developed there, followed in 2006 by the Cuiniao-07 model implemented with microsystems or microelectromechanical systems ( MEMS ), which was able to transmit images in real time. With a length of 15 cm, Yunque-01 (云雀 -01, i.e. “Lerche-01”) was a bit smaller. The Yinchi-03 (银 翅 -03, "Silberflügel-03") was used to lure birds away from airports. In 2013, after two years of development work, a group of students led by Huang Mingyang (黄鸣阳, * 1993) presented the “Hai'ou” or “Seagull” (海鸥), the flexible wing divided into two sections with a wingspan of 2.2 m owned. In 2018 the "Xiangying" or "Kreisende Adler" (翔鹰) followed with a wingspan of 1.5 m and a wing beat frequency of 2 Hz.

Graduates

Web links

Individual evidence

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Coordinates: 32 ° 2 ′ 9.6 ″  N , 118 ° 48 ′ 49.7 ″  E