Langnau (Tettnang)

Langnau City of Tettnang
Coordinates: 47 ° 37 ′ 51 ″  N , 9 ° 39 ′ 25 ″  E
Height :	450 m above sea level NHN
Area :	21.02 km²
Residents :	1218  (Feb 2009)
Population density :	58 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	1st September 1972
Postal code :	88069
Area code :	07543

Oberlangnau with the former monastery building (right)

View of the Langnau monastery; Pen drawing by JB Thumb, 1790

Langnau is a village that belongs to the Baden-Württemberg city ​​of Tettnang . It is divided into the towns of Oberlangnau and Unterlangnau , in the particularly protected Argen Valley on the south side of the Argen River. Langnau Monastery, which had long since been dissolved, ruled in Oberlangnau for centuries .

history

The place is known as Langenova superior in 1122. Intensive relationships with Schaffhausen and the Allerheiligen monastery there , at that time the Salvator monastery of the Benedictines of the region, are evidenced by a cell founded in Hiltensweiler - not far above Langnau, connected by a forest ravine. The main reason for the foundation was a generous gift from the knight Arnold von Hiltensweiler, who remained childless, and his wife Junzila, both of whom are based in the nearby Arnoldsburg.

Sometime between 1179 and 1242, Langnau itself gained in importance through the establishment of the monastery at what is now Oberlangnau. The old parish seat in Hiltensweiler, located above the Argental, was to be relocated there. At the insistence of the population, the wish to revive the associated parish church was finally fulfilled after a certain period of reflection.

Due to a lack of money, the monastery was handed over to the then Vogt, Count Heinrich von Montfort (the Montfort family provided the bishop of Chur / Switzerland several times ) in January 1389 . On April 24, 1405, the latter gave the monastery in turn to the order of St. Paul the first hermit, already represented as a cell in the region in Argenhardt (Pauline according to the Augustinian rule , actually founded by forest brothers ), who converted it to the Pauline hermit monastery . At a later point in time, the Argenhardt cell was added to the monastery and, at the same time, the Tettnang Forest . A library is documented, although the monastery itself never achieved any particular importance - for example based on the number of (around 20) monastery brothers or because of outstanding intellectual achievements. Only two school textbooks by a monk are mentioned, but only half have survived. Nevertheless, the place had gained in importance since the arrival of the Paulines, namely as the burial place of the Counts of Montfort.

In 1525, the monastery was pillaged twice by farmers in the context of the Peasants' War . The monks fled for a short time while the peasant council met in the monastery itself. In February 1647, during the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War , the neighboring Lindau was besieged unsuccessfully by Swedish troops , who burned the monastery down when they withdrew.

During the time of Josephinism , the monastery was abolished by the Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II in his role as ruler of Austria. The repeal in 1786 was legally reversed while the measure was already in progress, as the ruler did not have sole power of disposal over the area outside; the second attempt in 1787, however, meant the end (in 1793 the local parish church was also dissolved). The demolition work was so massive that only a few objects remained. Part of the inventory went to the parish in Hiltensweiler, but there were also other beneficiaries. Documented is a fortune of 7520  florins , calculated at 99,310 florins , which was donated to the Austrian Religious Fund. The bones of the Counts of Montfort were transferred to Hiltensweiler.

Langnau was incorporated into Tettnang on September 1, 1972.

The two places of Langnau are still dominated by agriculture today and, in addition to different residential developments, also have gastronomic offers. Unterlangnau is connected to the Laimnau - Badhütten recreation area by a footbridge over the Argen .

Population development

year	Residents
December 1, 1910	796
1925	843
1933	1653
1939	1692
February 2009	1218

coat of arms

Blazon : split between red and silver; in front a continuous golden Pauline cross, behind a three-lobed red flag on three golden suspension rings.

→ Main article : List of coats of arms with the emblem of the Count Palatine of Tübingen

Hiking trails

Forest nature trail information board

Above Langnau, at the car park for hikers on the road to Hiltensweiler , the four-kilometer “Langnau Forest Educational Path” begins. At various stations, the hiker receives information about the forest, its plants and animals.

The first stage of the Jubiläumsweg , a 111-kilometer hiking trail , which was signposted in 1998 to mark the 25th anniversary of the Lake Constance district , runs parallel to part of the educational trail . Starting at Kressbronn station, it leads over six stages to Neukirch and from there via Meckenbeuren , Markdorf , Heiligenberg , Owingen to Überlingen .

literature

• Adolf Schahl: On the building history of the Langnau monastery , in: Writings of the Association for the History of Lake Constance and its Surroundings , 64th year 1937, pp. 57–66 ( digitized version )

Web links

• Pauline Monastery Langnau in the database of monasteries in Baden-Württemberg of the Baden-Württemberg State Archives
• History of Oberlangnau at wielandsweiler.de
• Pictures and information about the monastery at hholitsch.de
• Histor. Report: Municipality of Langnau, description of the Tettnang Regional Office / Chapter B 13, Wikisource

Individual evidence

1. ^ Municipal directory 1900: Oberamt Tettnang
2. ^ ^{A b c} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. friedrichshafen.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
3. ^ City of Tettnang: Facts & Figures ( Memento from June 12, 2008 in the Internet Archive )