NCO preschool

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The sergeant preschools were in the German Empire and later in the Third Reich military schools for male teenagers on a military career in the armed forces as a non-commissioned officer should prepare. The students wore uniforms and were subject to military discipline, were barracked , but legally not soldiers . They were taught general education subjects while receiving pre-military training . After completion, the takeover as a soldier and transfer to a non-commissioned officer school usually took place . They had a similar function in preparation for the soldier profession as the cadet institutes for future officers .

The German Imperium

Seal mark of the Unteroffiziervorschule Weilburg
Building of the NCO preschool in Annaburg in 2013
Building of the NCO preschool in Weilburg in 20007

As early as the 18th century there were military boys' institutes and military orphanages for the descendants of soldiers, especially dead or impoverished soldiers , in the Kingdom of Prussia . The children and adolescents were able to attend school free of charge, graduate from school and often learn a trade. In addition, they received pre-military training. The school staff were active or former NCOs, officers and civilian teachers. Those who aspired to a military career could remain in an affiliated military school and joined the Prussian army when they were of military age .

After the founding of the German Quay Area, the following NCO pre-schools were set up:

as well as others in Marienberg and Wohlau . Students at the military school of the Potsdam military orphanage had the same status as students at a non-commissioned officer preschool.

The non-commissioned preschools should prepare male young people with at least elementary school qualification for a military career, bridging the age range between school qualification and military age. Candidates must be 15 or 16 years old and have parental approval to begin; they attended school for two years. Attending school was free, and food, accommodation, uniforms and pocket money were all provided free of charge. For each month of school attendance, the students later had to serve two months in addition to active compulsory service in the armed forces.

According to the regulations of 1888, the students were taught German, arithmetic, history, geography, natural history, handwriting, drawing, plan drawing and singing. In addition, they received pre-military training, had to wear uniform and were drilled militarily .

Upon completion of the non-commissioned school, the students were transferred to a non-commissioned school as candidates for non-commissioned officers. In contrast to candidates from the troops, who had to attend the non-commissioned school for three years, the training for graduates of the non-commissioned preschool was shortened to two years. Then, depending on the performance shown, they were transferred to the troops as a team rank or already as a non-commissioned officer.

After the First World War, all non-commissioned nursery schools were closed by 1920 due to the Treaty of Versailles .

Third Reich

Army Sergeant Primary School Marienberg (1940)
Sleeve stripes for the permanent staff

NCO pre-schools (UVS) were set up in 1941 for the three armed forces of the Wehrmacht . In the same year, a so-called “ Führer's order ” no longer permitted further classes to be recruited for the non-commissioned preschools from 1942 onwards. In 1944 the first and only 3-year training at the NCO's preschools ended.

Only the Navy succeeded in setting up so-called “Maritime Vocational Schools” (SBF) as an alternative. The non-commissioned nursery schools were simply renamed Maritime Vocational Schools; the marine vocational schools were thus the successor institutions for the NCO's pre-schools for the Navy. Applicants for the 2nd year of a non-commissioned officer preschool of the Kriegsmarine who had passed an entrance examination could now decide to do an apprenticeship at the marine vocational schools. Despite a civil subordination to the Reich Ministry for Science, Education and National Education , the maritime vocational schools were clearly under the aegis of the Navy.

In 1942, the first 300 students born in 1927/28 came to the Wolgast Vocational School. In 1943 the born 1928/29 and finally in 1944 the born 1929/30 were recruited.

In 1944 there were nautical or technical sea vocational schools z. B. in Marienberg , Wolgast , Wesermünde ( Bremerhaven ), Lindau , Hohenschwangau , Essen , Neuwied , Elsfleth , Sankt Wolfgang , Eudenbach , Görlitz and Hungarian Hradisch in Moravia .

Personalities

Günter Kießling, graduate of the non-commissioned officer school in Dresden
Teachers and trainers
Graduates

literature

  • Werner Jähnig: Chronicle of the SBF Wolgast and Wesermünde.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g NCO pre-school. In: annaburger-chronisten.de. Annaburger Ortschronisten, accessed on March 23, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Soldiers and Boys Institute under Prussian times in Annaburg. In: annaburger-chronisten.de. Annaburger Ortschronisten, accessed on March 23, 2020 .
  3. ↑ a b Finding aid 456 F 141. In: www2.landesarchiv-bw.de. Baden-Württemberg State Archive, accessed on March 23, 2020 .
  4. ↑ The former NCO pre-school. In: www.moelln.de. City of Mölln, accessed on March 23, 2020 .
  5. ↑ a b NCO preschools . In: Brockhaus Konversationslexikon . 14th edition. tape  16 . FA Brockhaus, Leipzig, Berlin and Vienna 1894, p. 103 ( retrobibliothek.de [accessed on March 23, 2020]).
  6. ↑ Tom Schröter: Wolgast: Springboard to the Navy From 1942 to 1945 there was a marine vocational school with up to 300 students in Tannenkamp . In: Ostsee-Zeitung . January 22, 2018 ( ostsee-zeitung.de [accessed March 26, 2020]).