Vincent Rizzi

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Vinzenz Rizzi (no year)

Vinzenz Rizzi (born January 22, 1816 in Spittal an der Drau ; † February 25, 1856 in Klagenfurt ) was a Catholic Carinthian priest and, as a German national journalist, a literary advocate of the ideas of the Vormärz and a pioneer of liberal ideas who advocated equal rights for the Peoples and especially for the equality of Slovenes and Germans.

He is the namesake of the Rizzip Prize donated by the Central Association of Slovenian Organizations in Carinthia and the Slovenian Cultural Association in Carinthia .

Life

Rizzi was born as the son of an imperial district judge and district commissioner in his official residence, Schloss Porcia , in Spittal an der Drau. He lost his father at an early age, but through his uncle Johann Nepomuk Hradecky (1775–1846), the mayor of Laibach , he attended grammar school there and then the university in Laibacher Lyceum , where he fought for both the German classics and Anastasius Grün , who inspired the noble literary pioneer of freedom, but also familiarized himself with Slovenian poetry and the way of thinking as a student of Matthias Tschop (Slovenian: Matija Čop ). Then he found a job in the state finance administration in Ljubljana. During these years he published his first poems with little success among liberal young people like Constantin von Wurzbach and later also Franz Preschern (Slovene: France Prešeren), as he himself later considered his poetry to be meaningless. After a few years he swapped the dry civil servant occupation for the more revealing life of a journalist in Vienna, but after only a year of being a daily wage journalist and worn down by the harassment of Metternich's censorship, he turned to theology and entered the Klagenfurt seminary in 1840. He wanted to communicate in preaching as well as as a journalist.

After his ordination in 1844, Rizzi was chaplain in various Carinthian parishes ( Berg im Drautal , Guttaring , Spittal / Drau), later wrote socially oriented village narratives under the title “Village Stories from Carinthia”, which, however, “lacked any Carinthian note” In part, at the same time as his priesthood, he was the editor of the Klagenfurter Zeitung and its Carinthia supplement .

Liberal publicist

When Rizzi took over the management of Carinthia in the revolutionary year of 1848 , he changed its character from the ground up by adding the "radical-liberal cleric" to a "constitutional paper for contemporary interests" for seven weeks from the former "literary and educational magazine", which had become a shallow family paper "Made, a thoroughly political newspaper, which in poetry and prose brought up and critically reflected the issues of the day such as freedom of the press, hunting rights and school reform, St. Paul's Church, the question of nationality and the German question, really everything that interested people.

“I only want the best for everyone. Truth, as well as I know it, I will write, regardless of whether I find applause or reprimand on the right or the left. I know no consideration but that for truth and right "

Rizzi was soon replaced by the previous editor, the Klagenfurt cathedral preacher, folk poetry collector and late romantic local poet Simon Martin Mayer (1788–1872), because the Klagenfurter Zeitung was ultimately a government paper . Rizzi, however, founded the oppositional German monthly from Carinthia in Spittal / Drau in 1849 , which existed in 15 issues until 1851 and of which he was almost the sole contributor. Journalistically, he observed current affairs in state and church, advocated their separation, was thoroughly “Greater German” and German-national oriented, but on the other hand he advocated “a German-Slovenian binational Carinthian national consciousness in Carinthia and demanded justice against the nationalities”. In 1851 Rizzi was able to return to his position as a full-time editor at the Klagenfurter Zeitung , which he made into a daily newspaper. He remained true to his program of 1848, but was now more cautious and realistic. Since the newspaper now also received a feature section, the Carinthia supplement appeared to be superfluous as a "newspaper for patriotism, instruction and entertainment" and was discontinued at the end of 1854 (but was newly acquired as an independent weekly paper six months later). From 1855 Rizzi only ran the Klagenfurter Zeitung until the early death of the following year.

During his time in Guttaring, Rizzi experienced one of the Passion Plays played by Carinthian farmers for farmers, the appeal of which seized him so much that he edited and extensively praised it in the magazine he founded. Like other folk customs and even folk costumes, the Passion Play in Carinthia was banned as a "degradation of religion" during the Josefinism era , the players were arrested and sentenced to several days of forced labor in chains and fines. This ban fell to the liberal priest Rizzi

"So bitter on the heart [...] And for what reasons? For the sake of the enlightenment! O this epoch! [...] for whom freedom is as necessary air of life as me, nothing is as disgusting as that half-stale enlightenment, which so obtrusively seeks to transform the whole world with its eternal wonders into a sober arithmetic. [...] instead of the joys of the people ennoble, they have forbidden the joys [...] The true culture makes the half-man into a whole person, the false, intolerant and sterile as it is, can only kill - forbid "

In a poem from 1849 - " Carinthia ". - Rizzi showed his sense of reality for the real Carinthian problems of the time: Instead of the Karantanien enthusiasm that prevailed in the country due to the regained independence, he pointed out the nationality question, the importance of which he recognized like no other at the time:

I would also join the fun ,
Were it the old yet ,
or the parts of the rest
would be an inwardly whole and solid.
But so are circumcised
the borders Gau after Gau
and as before in the middle
the Drava flows from two trunks

He explains emphatically and powerfully in the article The question of nationalities in Carinthia

“Anyone who believes that the idea of ​​nationality will disappear again from the hearts and minds of nations [...] has no idea of ​​the unstoppable urge with which an idea that has once entered the life of mankind is tenacious and irresistible. […] Salvation does not lie in the suppression and denial of the antithesis, but in the reconciliation through the higher unity. The equal German must be linked with the equal Slovenian through the bond of a higher unity; if this does not happen, the lot is thrown over Carinthia. [...] The people remained Slavic and will remain so, even if you have your own German schoolmaster for each hut "

While the Slovenian public, sworn to national rhetoric, was only slowly coming through to an objective assessment of its greatest poet, it was Rizzi who was the first to recognize the importance and high status of the Slovenian poet Franz Preschern (Slovenian: France Prešeren ), who is also associated with Carinthia Some of the things he translated: "The contemporary who dealt with Prešeren in the most detailed and serious manner in writing and critically in the German language was the Klagenfurt theologian, journalist, author, critic and translator Vinzenz Rizzi." He called it a sin and a crime against the Mankind's endeavor to deny a people education through native language teaching. The Slovene language should not be suppressed, but learned, since Germanization has long since taken place. It must be general Slovene, which will become the second school and official language in Carinthia. Rizzi resolutely opposed the idea that the so-called Windisch spoken in Carinthia was a separate language from Slovene,

Just he who saw himself primarily as a German and then only as an Austrian,

"[...] since we cannot imagine a German unity, a full, true one with the old federal relationship with Austria, therefore we want a large, united Austria based on equality of nationalities in an intimate alliance with Germany under international law" -

just he, the “Greater German” , was aware and convinced that

“Peace and unity can only be achieved in this way. But those who seek peace on the wrong basis will reap hatred. All preaching of peace does not help if you do not give satisfaction. "

As a Greater German thinker , however, he regarded the German " possession of Trieste and the way to it " as a "vital question for Germany", whereas at the same time another Upper Carinthian , a Slovenian from the Gailtal , the "Slavist Matthias Mayer - he called himself Matija Majar-Ziljski" -, just like Rizzi called for the Slovene language in office and school, but at the same time fought for a state union of all Slovenes, Croats, Slavonians and Dalmatians under the Habsburg crown.

Rizzi freely expressed his views on progress and freedom, stood up for law and order, but at the same time fought for personal freedom and against all arbitrariness; He did not want to be ashamed of his office as a Catholic priest, and stood up for the independence of the Church, but at the same time also for freedom of religion and equality of all religions. The “Greater German” paid the most sincere recognition and heartfelt participation to the rights of the Slovenian fellow citizens in the country.

The newspaper man Rizzi died before he could experience the greater opportunities for development in Austria's constitutional monarchy. Nobody wrote him an obituary, to him, who was "one of the builders of the proverbial liberal Carinthia", to him, the "secular priest, poet and philosopher", who as a journalist was "the maker of public opinion around 1848 and the early 1950s" . No one has yet fully collected Rizzi's diverse writings and his work as his person were, apart from a Rizzi bridge over the Lendkanal , and a Rizzi climbing and Rizzi street, two unimportant Klagenfurt roads, the majority of the people of Carinthia soon almost entirely forgot - but Andreas ( Andrej) Einspielner , the spiritual educator and politician from the Carinthian Slovene ethnic group , almost literally repeated Rizzi's appeal to the rulers of the country a few years after Rizzi's death, and both are now the namesake of prizes for the Slovenian ethnic group in Carinthia. A Vinzenz Rizzi Society was founded in 1994 under the patronage of the Secretary General of the Council of Europe , Catherine Lalumière: with goals that are “deeply humanistic and democratic”: “The Vinzenz Rizzi Society wants to contribute to this at the end of the 20th century no longer to think in terms of the 19th century. ”.

Fonts (selection)

  • The hermit at the Liser . In: Noreja: Pocket book of Carinthian legends, sagas, etc. (ballads, fairy tales and romances). Edited by Simon Martin Mayer, Kleinmayr, Klagenfurt 1837, OCLC No. 82388471, pp. 164-166
  • Theater in Klagenfurt . In: Carinthia 43 (1853)
  • Village stories from Carinthia . Ed. Vom Grillparzer-Literatur-Verein, 2 booklets, RL Raimann, Vienna 1882, OCLC No. 12983455, and Liegel, Klagenfurt 1882
  • Vinzenz Rizzi's poems and thought sheets . Edited by Ludwig Germonik, Grillparzer-Vereins-Verlag, Vienna 1906, OCLC number: 444335262. Improved and increased edition , Vienna 1908

See also

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marjan Sturm: Opening speech ( memento of the original from October 30, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 74 kB) on the award of the Vinzenz Rizzi Prize 2007 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.uni-klu.ac.at
  2. ↑ Carinthia: Castles and Palaces - Porcia Castle ( Memento of the original dated August 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. www.kaernten.at @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.villas-kaernten.at
  3. ↑ Erwin Köstler: From the cultureless people to the European avant-garde. Main lines of translation, presentation and reception of Slovenian literature in German-speaking countries. Interactions Vol. 9, Peter Lang, Bern et al. 2006, p. 123
  4. ↑ Erich Nussbaumer: Spiritual Carinthia . Ferdinand Kleinmayr, Klagenfurt 1956, p. 357
  5. ^ Village stories from Carinthia . Published by the Grillparzer-Literatur-Verein, 2 booklets, Vienna 1882
  6. ↑ Nussbaumer, Geistiges Kärnten , p. 356
  7. ^ A b Wilhelm Neumann: Building blocks for the history of Carinthia: Spätlese. Festgabe for Wilhelm Neumann on his 90th birthday . The Kärntner Landesarchiv Vol. 33. Verlag des Kärntner Landesarchiv, Klagenfurt 2005, ISBN 3-900531-59-5 , p. 26
  8. ↑ Dieter Jandl: ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.0 MB) Klagenfurt. From the settlement on the ford to the knowledge city , 3rd edition, Klagenfurt 2002, p. 36 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.klagenfurt.at
  9. ↑ Nussbaumer, Geistiges Kärnten , p. 309
  10. ↑ quoted from Nussbaumer, Geistiges Kärnten , p. 310.
  11. ^ S. Hafner: Rizzi Vinzenz . In: ÖLB Vol. 9, p. 186
  12. ↑ Vinzenz Rizzi: The suffering of Christ play to Guttaring . In: German monthly from Carinthia , vol. 1 (1849) p. 181 ff.,
    After Erich Nussbaumer: Geistiges Kärnten . Pp. 52–55 and note 59, p. 581
  13. ↑ Nussbaumer, Geistiges Kärnten, p. 221 f.
  14. ↑ quoted from Nussbaumer, Geistiges Kärnten , p. 222
  15. ↑ printed by Nussbaumer: Geistiges Kärnten , p. 358
  16. ↑ a b German monthly from Carinthia 1 (1849), p. 160 ff.
  17. ↑ Erwin Köstler: On the way to recognition. Na poti do priznanja. In: Stojan Vavti: Bibliography of book translations of Slovenian literature into German . (PDF; 2.7 MB) Center for Slovenian Literature, Ljubljana 2006, p. 5
  18. ↑ Poezije doktorja Franceta Prešerna - poems of Dr. Franz Preschern. In: German monthly from Carinthia 1 (1849), pp. 51–56
  19. ↑ Mira Milandinovič Zalaznik: “Every people has a man whom they think they are surrounded by a holy, pure halo.” A small experiment on France Prešeren in the 19th century. In: Andreas Brandtner (Ed.): On the history of Austrian-Slovenian literary relations . Turia + Kant, Vienna 1998, p. 96
  20. ^ Köstler: From the cultureless people to the European avant-garde. P. 128
  21. ^ German monthly from Carinthia , p. 291
  22. ^ A b Berta Luschin: Sketches and fragments by Andreas Moritsch (†) on the "national conflict" . In: Stefan Karner (ed.): Carinthia and the national question , Vol. 1: Resettlement - Deportation - National Struggle. Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 2005 ISBN 3-7086-0000-2 , and Heyn, Klagenfurt 2005, ISBN 3-7084-0014-3 , p. 16
  23. ↑ Peter Wiesflecker: The unusual journey of the country pastor Matthias Mayer / Matija Majar-Ziljski. The clergyman's trip to Russia reflected in the correspondence with his superiors. In: Carinthia I , Volume 196 (2006) Johann Leon, Klagenfurt 2006, p. 453
  24. ↑ Karl Ernst Newole: The Offizin Kleinmayr to establishing the journal "Carinthia." In: Carinthia I . Vol 146 (1956), p 167
  25. ^ Hermann Th. Schneider: The streets and squares of Klagenfurt . State capital Klagenfurt (Ed.), Klagenfurt undated, p. 189 f.
  26. ↑ a b Walter Jambor (Ed.): The share of the federal states in Austria's becoming a nation . Results of the conference 3. – 6. June 1970 in Bernstein, Burgenland. In: Austria's becoming a nation . Series of publications by the Austrian National Institute Volume 1, Kurt Wedl, Vienna-Munich 1971, p. 138 and p. 134
  27. ^ Andreas Einplayer (Ed.): Voices from Inner Austria. Contributions to the implementation of national, religious and political equality. 1st and 2nd issue, Johann Leon, Klagenfurt 1861, OCLC No. 440804604, p. 7 f.
  28. ^ Peter Karpf: The discussion about a political representation of interests for the Carinthian Slovenes in the mirror of the press. In: Karl Anderwald and Valentin Hellwig (eds.): Carinthian yearbook for politics . Kärntner Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Klagenfurt 1994, ISBN 3-85391-121-8 , p. 108
  29. ↑ Marjan Sturm: For a new culture of living together . In: Karl Anderwald and Valentin Hellwig (eds.): Carinthian yearbook for politics . Kärntner Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Klagenfurt 1994, ISBN 3-85391-121-8 , p. 263
personal data
SURNAME Rizzi, Vincent
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian Catholic priest and publicist
DATE OF BIRTH January 22, 1816
PLACE OF BIRTH Spittal an der Drau
DATE OF DEATH February 25, 1856
Place of death Klagenfurt