Waldsteinien
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Three-leaved Waldsteinia ( Waldsteinia ternata ) |
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The Waldsteinien ( Waldsteinia ) are a genus within the family of the rose family (Rosaceae). The genus Waldsteinia includes five to seven species, all of which are common in the northern hemisphere ; the only species native to German-speaking countries is Waldsteinia ternata , which can be found in south-east Carinthia .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Waldsteinia species are perennial, herbaceous plants . At the upper ends of the firm, unprorned, mostly creeping trunks, the leaves stand in a rosette. The leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaf blades are three to five, rarely seven-lobed or composed of three leaflets . The side leaves the rhizosphere leaves are completely fused with the long petiole and are membranous.
Generative characteristics
The lateral inflorescence shafts have zymous inflorescences at their end , the stem leaves are reduced and similar to stipules, the bracts in the inflorescence are usually small.
The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold and radial symmetry . The flower cup is inverted-conical to trumpet-shaped. The outer cup is very small or absent. The sepals lie against each other, but do not overlap. The petals are yellow. There are numerous stamens present. The two to six (rarely 1 to 15) pistils are free and grow out of the base of the flower cup or out of a short ring. The obsolete stylodes are terminal and tapered and bendable at the base. The scars are point-shaped. Depending carpel there is only one ovule .
The fruits are achenes . The outer skin of the seeds is membranous and one endosperm is missing.
The chromosome numbers are 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42.
Occurrence
The genus Waldsteinia is found disjointly distributed over the northern hemisphere . The main distribution area is North America with three species. The Waldsteinia species thrive in montane regions, in heaths and bushland, and occasionally in forests, in sunny locations.
Systematics and botanical history
The genus Waldsteinia was established in 1799 by Carl Ludwig von Willdenow . The genus name Waldsteinia honors the Austrian botanist and systematist Franz Adam von Waldstein .
The extent of the genus Waldsteinia within the Rosaceae family is unclear; molecular genetic studies by Smedmark 2006 only understand it as part of the genus Geum .
There are five to seven types. Here is a selection:
- Golden strawberry ( Waldsteinia fragarioides (Michx.) Tratt. )
- Lobe-leaved Waldsteinie ( Waldsteinia geoides Willd. )
- Three-leaved Waldsteinia ( Waldsteinia ternata (Stephan) Fritsch )
proof
Most of the information in this article has been taken from the sources given under references; the following sources are also cited:
literature
- Cornelis Kalkman: Rosaceae . In: Klaus Kubitzki (Ed.): The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants . Flowering Plants - Dicotyledons - Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales, Ericales. tape 6 . Springer Science & Business Media, 2004, ISBN 3-540-06512-1 , pp. 343–386 ( Waldsteinia in the Google book search).
Individual evidence
- ^ Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 481 .
- ↑ Jenny EE Smedmark: Recircumscription of Geum (Colurieae: Rosaceae). In: Botanische Jahrbücher , Volume 126, Number 4, October 2006, pp. 409-417. doi : 10.1127 / 0006-8152 / 2006 / 0126-0409
- ↑ D. Potter, T. Eriksson, RC Evans, S. Oh, Jenny EE Smedmark, DR Morgan, M. Kerr, KR Robertson, M. Arsenault, TA Dickinson, CS Campbell: Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution, Volume 266, 2007, pp. 5-43, doi : 10.1007 / s00606-007-0539-9
Web links
- Waldsteinia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved April 17, 2017.