Frankincense & frankincense

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Frankincense & frankincense

logo
legal form GmbH & Co. KG
founding 1899
Seat Mellrichstadt
management Hans-Hermann Weihrauch
Number of employees over 100
sales in a "higher seven-digit range"
Branch Firearms and surface engineering
Website www.weihrauch-sport.de/

Frankincense HW 97 K

Weihrauch & Weihrauch (Weihrauch & Weihrauch Sport GmbH & Co. KG) is a traditional German manufacturer of small arms . The company was founded in Zella-Mehlis in 1899 and has been based in Mellrichstadt since 1948 . The company is mainly known as a manufacturer of air guns and alarm guns as well as revolvers .

prehistory

The history of the Weihrauch company follows the tradition of the arms smiths in Thuringia. The history of weapons production in Zella-Mehlis and Zella St. Blasii goes back around 800 years. As early as the Middle Ages , there were craft guilds of the gunsmiths in the village , in which gunsmiths were later organized. The Weihrauch family was already known there in the gunsmithing trade in the 16th century. Internationally, the production of the neighboring "weapon city of Suhl" found recognition and secured employment in this region, which benefited from the upswing of the early days . At the beginning of the 1890s, Zella-Mehlis was given a fire department , in which around fifteen million weapons were later tested in total. There were numerous gunsmiths on site, including Herrmann Weihrauch and Oskar Weihrauch who were involved in this craft and founded their own workshops. It is known about Hermann Weihrauch that he became a master gunsmith in 1889 and then worked ten years in Zella as operations manager for Carl Bartels, who ran his main business as "court gunsmith" in Wiesbaden. For Oskar Weihrauch (who founded his company in 1898) it was said that he was said to have made hunting weapons for "Crown Prince of the German Imperial Family". Companies such as Carl Walther Sportwaffen , JG Anschütz , Mercedes-Büromaschinen- & Waffenwerke and the Venuswaffenwerk also have their history in town. The Zella-Mehlis City Museum has an exhibition on the history of industrialization and weapon manufacture.

Company history

Frankincense in Zella Mehlis

HWZ (Hermann Weihrauch Zella-Mehlis) registered as a trademark in 1921

The company was founded in 1899 by Hermann Weihrauch (senior) in Zella-Mehlis . Hunting weapons and iron goods are mentioned for production up to the 1920s . There is evidence that the HWZ trademark was registered in 1921 for the company that manufactures firearms with the repeatedly documented address at Amtsstrasse 24 in Zella-Mehlis. The HWZ trademark was registered again in a simplified form in 1926. In the course of history the company has been mentioned with a number of company names; Initially as a sole proprietorship Hermann Weihrauch and later with changing additions such as on December 22, 1939 with “Herm. Weihrauch Gewehr- und Fahrradteile Fabrik OHG ” . Little is known about the production in the 1930s and 1940s, apart from the focus on bicycle parts and the disk bushings. There are three patents for pistols and two patent applications for door closers . The manufacture of telescopic sight assembly parts with the manufacturer's mark "eea" for the Wehrmacht and some entries in the commercial register are documented. The management and development was with Hermann Weihrauch (senior) and the partners Hermann Weihrauch (junior), Otto Weihrauch (gunsmith) and Werner Weihrauch (engineer). Few references are known of weapons production before 1945, which can be assigned to the following weapon types or individual items:

Disc liners

To pre-war production of incense in Zella-Mehlis are two types of target rifles known that appear occasionally still used as guns in auctions:

  • HWZ model 21 (also HWZ small bore sport rifle model 1921 or HWZ 21 Martini-KK 1921). This model is also known as Martini rifle because of the locking system with drop block lock and was manufactured in caliber .22 lfB . The design of the HWZ model 21 corresponds to the rifle model B. S. A. model no. 12 Target Rifle .
  • HWZ model 29 (also HWZ sports rifle model 1929 or HWZ 29 vertical block ). This model is also known as a drop block because of the locking system and was manufactured in caliber .22 lfB. This model is less well known than the HWZ model 21 .

Bolt action rifles

Weihrauch produced replicas of the DSM 34 (also "German Sport Model 1934" or "Wehrsportgewehr") from Mauser in caliber .22 lfB. These rifles were sold (together with other manufacturers) under the brand name "THÜRINGEN DAS GRÜNE HERZ DEUTSCHLANDS". These models are also known as "DSM 34 Green-Heart" in Anglo-American areas . Military sport rifles in which incense was used as a manufacturer's mark are rarer.

Hunting weapons

The range of hunting weapons from frankincense is mentioned in the literature without information on the scope of production. Rifles that could be used for hunting were partly created on the basis of sporting weapons. Few of the Weihrauch hunting rifles from Zella-Mehlis before 1945 are known to have larger calibers:

Cross-shotguns are known in the former Soviet Union with evidence of voucher copies for production after 1945 from Zella-Mehlis , in which “Herm. Weihrauch ”was used as a manufacturer's mark. A transverse shotgun from Otto Weihrauch has been handed down for the post-war period, which was presented in October 1951 for the ballistic test in Suhl .

Other types

  • The HWZ para-air pistol (also called HWZ LP1 ) was a prototype that can be found in the specialist literature (see section Weihrauch developments and patents ).
  • Other weapon models may have been manufactured by Weihrauch as part of collaborations. Apart from a few references to the existence of such communities, such as the “Verband Zella-Mehliser Waffenfabrikanten eV” or the manufacturer's association “Waffengenossenschaft Zella-Mehlis” , no details on weapons production are known in this context. Assembly work of unknown scope was carried out for the Reichswehr in the mid-1920s with “accessory parts” for machine guns that were supplied by the Hanoverian wagon factory.

Bicycle parts production and company liquidation

After the end of the Second World War , the company in Zella-Mehlis was initially affected by confiscations , dismantling and expropriation . On April 3, 1945, Zella-Mehlis was occupied by the US military . The Americans were particularly interested in the arms-making factories that they searched and seized material. Three months later, the place and its operations came under Soviet administration, which was exercised from July 9, 1945 by the Soviet Military Administration of the State of Thuringia (SMATh). The following was noted about the company: “Hermann Weihrauch Fahrradfabrik - Approval of special machines for bottom bracket designs by SMAD, June - July 1946 ThHStAW, LTh, MdI, AzS LK No. 6310” . For the bicycle industry in the Soviet zone of occupation, the company became an important supplier of bottom brakes and bicycle brakes. Only a few objects from the IFA era are known of weapons production. A reference to this is also provided by the company entry in the directory of industrial companies in the GDR, in which hunting rifles are mentioned in 1950 in addition to bottom brackets. The successor companies at Amtsstrasse 24 have undergone a number of changes over time:

German trade headquarters (1957)
  • until 1946 Hermann Weihrauch, bicycle parts and metal goods factory, Zella-Mehlis
  • from 1947 VVB (Z) IFA bottom bracket factory, Zella-Mehlis, Amtsstrasse 24
  • from 1952 at the latest VEB Fahrradteileewerk Zella-Mehlis VVB IFA, Zella-Mehlis (Thür), Amtsstrasse 24
  • from 1953 VEB Fahrradteilewerk Zella-Mehlis, Zella-Mehlis (Thür), Amtsstrasse 24
  • 1954 VEB Fahrradteileewerk Zella-Mehlis, Zella-Mehlis (Thür), Reissmannstrasse 24
  • from 1954 VEB vehicle parts plant Zella-Mehlis, Zella-Mehlis (Thür), Reissmannstraße 24
  • from 1958 WERK II of VEB vehicle and equipment factory Simson ; later vehicle and hunting weapons factory "Ernst Thälmann"

FTZW and FATEX became known as manufacturer brands for bicycle parts . Regarding the former company headquarters at Amtsstrasse 24, it is recorded that the German Commercial Center for Pharmacy and Hospital Requirements, Suhl branch , was an independent company there until October 29, 1958, which was continued under Erfurt management until 1962. In the 2010s, the former company property was known as an undeveloped area and is listed as object number 06060 in the list of “suspected armament sites”.

Frankincense in Mellrichstadt

After the expropriation of the company in Zella-Mehlis, Hermann Weihrauch (Junior) and Hans Weihrauch re-founded their company in Mellrichstadt in 1948. The spatial distance between the old plant in Zella-Mehlis and the new plant in Mellrichstadt is around 50 kilometers. The new premises were gradually set up in three wooden barracks and in the first few years mainly manufactured parts for bicycle technology . After the production restrictions for the Federal Republic of Germany expired, arms production was resumed. Later WEU production restrictions for the Federal Republic are contained in Protocol No. III to the WEU Treaty of October 23, 1954 on Arms Control (see Paris Treaties ). In the 1950s, air rifles and other sport rifles were first developed / produced. A branch of the Bavarian shooting administration, which was set up in Mellrichstadt in 1955, was important for the development of the company. By the end of the 1950s, the company had established itself as a quality manufacturer of sporting weapons and was accordingly listed in the arms trade and in catalogs.

In the 1960s, production was expanded and, in addition to rifles, pistols and revolvers were also manufactured. Air pressure and alarm guns formed the core business, in addition to the additional hunting weapons, trigger options and accessories Sights were manufactured. The expansion of sales to North America was supported by cooperation with US companies. Besides its own brands HWM and Arminius was also trademarks as Burgo , Fabico , BSF , Beeman produces and more. The success of that decade was overshadowed by the death of Hermann Weihrauch in 1967. The company was then run in the 3rd generation by Hans Weihrauch and his wife Christel Weihrauch.

In 2000 the Weihrauch company survived the transition to the 21st century with over 100 years of company tradition in all areas. The establishment of the company as a weapons manufacturer was secured and the management was carried out in the 4th generation of the family business by the brothers Hans-Hermann Weihrauch and Stefan Weihrauch. The aging buildings and production facilities were demolished from 2008 in several stages until 2014 and expanded to a modernized location. Up until the 2010s, the press reviews focused on training with apprenticeships, honoring long-standing company employees and working with the Mellrichstadt fire department.

Selected company information for 2008: “Special materials and materials are used to manufacture the barrels and individual parts. The most modern machines are used in production. The company has around 100 employees. Almost 60,000 sporting weapons leave the production halls every year; the export quota is 70 percent. "

Brand overview:

  • HWM = company brand
  • Arminius = house brand
  • Burgo = trademark of US importer Karl Burgsmüller
  • Fabico = trademark US importer Fabico Gun Co. in Jacksonville Florida, Fabico = abbreviation for FA Bower Import Company (early 1950 / 60s)
  • FKN = trademark mail order company Fern-Kauf-Nord Waffen GmbH, Celle (mainly important for BSF in the 1950s / 60s)
  • BSF = trademark of Bayerischer Sportwaffen Fabrik (with a history of Wischo)
  • Beeman = US manufacturer of air rifles (sales & cooperation partner for developments)

  • Company brand HWM (Hermann Weihrauch Mellrichstadt)

  • Trademark BSF (Bayerische Sportwaffen Fabrik)

Frankincense HW 35

The overview of the production of incense in Mellrichstadt reflects its core business since the 1950s. The HW 50V air rifle was the first model in 1950. The development history of the product lines and model variants is sometimes difficult to understand because some model series (with improvements) were manufactured over decades. Therefore, only the main lines are shown below. A complete illustration of the model history with all variants and with models for private labels would go beyond the scope.

Air rifles

The range of air rifles from Weihrauch includes numerous models with different functional principles : spring piston rifles with break barrel or cocking lever as well as gas piston and gas pressure rifles in various air rifle calibers . The following is an (incomplete) overview without model variants:

Spring piston with break barrel
 (1950s)
  • Model HW 50V (1950)
  • Model HW 35 (long range rifles)
  • Model HW 50 (standard and sport rifles)
  • Model HW 55 (precision rifles)
 Spring piston with buckling barrel
 (1960s to approx. 1990s)
  • Model HW 25 (junior rifles)
  • Model HW 30 (standard rifles)
  • Model HW 35 (long range rifles)
  • Model HW 40 (standard rifles)
  • Model HW 45 (long range rifles)
  • Model HW 50 (standard and sport rifles)
  • Model HW 55 (precision rifles)
 Spring piston with buckling barrel
 (from approx. 1990s)
  • Model HW 30
  • Model HW 35
  • Model HW 50
  • Model HW 80
  • Model HW 85
  • Model HW 95
  • Model HW 98
Spring piston with lever
  • Model HW 57 (from the early 2000s)
  • Model HW 77 (from 1983)
  • Model HW 97 (from 1994)
 High pressure accumulator
  • Model HW 100 (from 2005)
  • Model HW 110 (from 2016)
 Gas piston
  • Model HW 90 (from approx. 2000s)

The air rifle EL54 Barakuda / Weihrauch HW35 from 1954 occupies a special position (see section developments and patents). It was driven out by the Barakuda Society .

Air pistols

Frankincense HW 70

Weihrauch began producing the first air pistols in 1970. First, the HW 70 model with an articulated barrel and spring piston was presented. Other models with spring pistons and gas accumulators were added later. The air pistols from Weihrauch are known in the usual air rifle calibers 4.5 mm (.177), 5 mm (.20) and 5.5 mm (.22). The basic variants can be grouped as follows:

Spring piston
  • Model HW 70 (with break barrel)
  • Model HW 45 (with clamping lever)
 Pump storage
  • Model HW 40 (with pump lever)
  • Model HW 75 (with pump lever)
 High pressure accumulator
  • Model HW 44 (with filling connection)

Weihrauch manufactured and sold other air pistols under the BSF (Bayerische Sportwaffenfabrik) brand.

revolver

Frankincense HW 37

Weihrauch Arminius revolvers from Mellrichstadt have been internationally known since 1960. The Arminius brand was used by Friedrich Pickert with the Arminius works in Zella-Mehlis before 1945. Variants of the Arminius revolvers are common in calibers from .22 lfB to .45 Colt . HW 1 and HW 2 were the first alarm revolvers. Some models such as HW 3 (start of production 1960), HW 5 (start of production 1962) and HW 7 (start of production 1965) have been sold (with improvements) for over 50 years (as of 2019) with the same model names. In addition, revolvers were sold in the German market under the trademarks “Gecado” and “Geko” as well as under other brands abroad. There are versions of the revolvers for shooting sports, for hunting, as western weapons and as alarm weapons. For competitions in shooting sports, Weihrauch developed some special models that have proven themselves successfully and whose improvements have been incorporated into the series models for shooting sports.

Other types

The production of small bore rifles at Weihrauch in Mellrichstadt began with the HW 52 model . This single-shot drop block rifle was manufactured from 1952 to the 1980s. It was used as a sport and as a hunting rifle in the calibers .22 lfB, .22 Hornet, .222 Remington, 5.6 x 35 R quadruplet , 5.6 x 50 mm R Magnum and as a fire socket in caliber 8.15 x 46 R offered. In the 1980s the repeating rifle model HW 60 , from the 1990s the repeating rifle model HW 66 , was introduced. These repeating rifles are designed as sport and hunting rifles and are known with the following calibers: .17 Mach 2 , .17 HMR , .17 Hornet , .22 lfB , .22 WMR , .22 Hornet , .222 Remington .

The stun gun model HW 94 in caliber 9 mm PAK is the only gun of incense, which for cartridge ammunition is designed.

Guns for cartridge ammunition
  • Model HW 52 (1950s to 1980s)
  • Model HW 60 (from 1980s)
  • Model HW 66 (from 1990s)
 Blank gun
  • Model HW 94

Small parts manufacturing, accessories and services

The company engaged in the manufacture of bicycle parts in the first few years. Weihrauch has been manufacturing small parts and accessories for the weapon models since the 1950s. Aiming aids, assemblies for riflescopes and trigger groups from our own production and accessories from third-party manufacturers will be available from Weihrauch into the 21st century. In the 21st century the company offers customer / spare parts service and its services in the field of surface treatment for metal goods. In surface technology, in addition to small orders, larger quantities from areas such as the automotive, electrical and furniture industries were carried out.

Developments and patents

In the course of the company's history, a wide variety of innovations have been produced, some of which have met with particular reception. The following is an overview of developments that have achieved particular popularity:

  • Match trigger record : around 1955, Weihrauch introduced this "set trigger" . The trigger has proven itself successfully in sports competitions. Almost all of Weihrauch's air rifles were equipped with this trigger. This print is still valued for its characteristics and quality in the 21st century.
  • Revolver Arminius HW-9 ST silhouette model : Hans-Herrmann Weihrauch developed a special model for championships in 1991. With this weapon Doris Latz was in silhouette shooting (Metallic silhouette shooting) A-class winner at the European Championships and the 8th International German Championship in 1992 in Baumholder . Based on this special model, a series model for sport shooters was later developed, which has been officially approved by the International Metallic Silhouette Shooting Union (IMSSU) since mid-1996 .
  • EL54 Barakuda / Weihrauch HW35 : In 1954, the EL54 was designed as a high-pressure air rifle based on the HW35 model, but could not establish itself. A special innovation of this weapon is the pressure increase using ether . A small amount of ether is injected from an ampoule for each shot, which, according to the diesel principle, increases the pressure when the shot is fired. The Barakuda-Gesellschaft Ristau & Co. from Hamburg was the patent holder of the invention and was also responsible for sales. The model was sold with little success in the US and Europe.
  • HWZ Para air pistol (also called HWZ LP1 ) was a prototype that can be found in the specialist literature. In the publication on patent no. 739124 of March 1939 is expressly mentioned: " Its purpose is to create a weapon that can be handled when cocking in a manner similar to the Army Pistol 08 for training purposes." A similarity to the shape of the Parabellum Pistol (also known as Pistol 08 or Para ) is shown in the drawing for Patent recognizable. This patent, in which Adalbert Kadits helped, was the last in the series of previous patents on frankincense air pistols. A previous model of the HWZ Para was made by the Berlin manufacturer Stanley Waffen GmbH (Berlin-Wilmersdorf, Bregenzer Straße 11). The Stanley Aero-para was loaded with an overhead cocking lever and had a 30 round magazine. It is largely comparable to the later model of the frankincense patent drawing. The Aero-para was sold in stores. A series production of incense is not known. A copy of the HWZ Para air pistol exists in the archives of the American weapons historian Robert Beeman.

Frankincense Patent Information:

  • Patent DE734985 : self-loading pistol with cocking trigger . Published on May 4, 1943 , applicant: Hermann Weihrauch rifle and bicycle parts factory. ‌
  • Patent DE739126 : self-loading pistol with cocking trigger . Published on September 11, 1943 , applicant: Hermann Weihrauch rifle and bicycle parts factory. ‌
  • Patent DE739124 : Compressed air gun designed in particular as a pistol. Published on September 11, 1943 , applicant: Hermann Weihrauch. ‌
  • Patent DE2327335 : drum revolver. Published on December 12th, 1974 , applicant: Hermann Weihrauch OHG Sportwaffen und Fahrradteilefabrik, 8744 Mellrichstadt, DE. ‌
  • Patent DE3818838 : pistol. Published on December 7, 1989 , applicant: Hermann Weihrauch KG, 8744 Mellrichstadt, DE, inventor: Helmut Sauer, 8745 Ostheim, DE. ‌
  • Patent DE674237 : Door closer with locking device. Registered on February 5, 1937 , published on April 11, 1939 , applicant: Hermann Weihrauch. ‌
  • Patent DE674237 : hydraulic door closer. Published on August 2, 1940 , applicant: Hermann Weihrauch, Waffenfabrik. ‌

EL54 Barakuda / Frankincense HW35:

  • Patent DE1019209 : air rifle. Posted on November 7th, 1957 , Applicant: Barakuda Society Ristau & Co ..

See also

literature

  • Josef Albl: Target weapons, breech loading systems from 1850 to 1950 , self-published, 2014, DNB-Info .
  • Frank Baranowski: Armaments production in the center of Germany 1929 - 1945: Southern Lower Saxony with Braunschweiger Land and Northern Thuringia including the Southern Harz - comparative consideration of the staggered construction of two armaments centers , Verlag Rockstuhl, 2015, ISBN 978-3-95966-003-7 .
  • Robert Beeman, John B. Allen: Blue Book of Airguns , Blue Book Publications, 2010, ISBN 978-1-936120-03-1 .
  • Ernst G. Dieter: Under the sign of the armorer , Part 2, inventions, patents, constructions, curiosities: Contributions from Suhl, Mehlis, Zella St. Blasii, Zella-Mehlis on the development of weapons technology, DNB info .
  • Robert Simpson: Training Rifles of Third Reich Germany , Brad Simpson Publishing, 2017, ISBN 978-0-9727815-2-7 .
  • Walter Harold Black Smith, Joseph Smith: The Book of Rifles , 4th Edition, Castle Books, 1972
  • John Walter: Dictionary of Guns & Gunmakers , Edition 05/2018
  • Robert E. Walker: Cartridges and Firearm Identification , CRC Press, 2013, ISBN 978-1-4665-8881-3 .
  • JB Wood: Firearms Assembly Disassembly, Part 2 Revolvers , DBI Books Inc., pages 113-124, Arminius HW 7 (online at archive.org), ISBN 0-87349-103-3 .

Web links

Commons : Incense  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Eckhard Heise in Mainpost, June 17, 2010: Company Weihrauch: A completely new picture , in Mainpost, June 17, 2010 (viewed in full on October 28, 2019) ( Memento from October 28, 2019 in the Internet Archive ).
  2. ↑ Harry Ansorg: Eight hundred years of weapons production in Zella-Mehlis. In: History and Museum Association Zella-Mehlis (ed.): Zella-Mehliser local history contributions. Issue 2. Heinrich-Jung Verlagsgesellschaft, Zella-Mehlis 1993, pp. 8–13.
  3. ↑ a b Lutz von Nordheim: zella-mehlis-geschichte.de - gunsmiths and arms companies. In: zella-mehlis-geschichte.de. Retrieved November 6, 2019 . Lutz von Nordheim: gunsmiths and arms companies ( Memento of 5 November 2019 Internet Archive ), in zella-mehlis-geschichte.de (seen on November 5, 2019).
  4. ↑ City Museum Zella-Mehlis : The shooting station in Zella-Mehlis, official website of the History and Museum Association Zella-Mehlis e. V. ( Memento of July 8, 2016 in the Internet Archive ).
  5. ^ Rove, Heer: Carl Heinrich Christoph Bartels, court rifle maker in Wiesbaden ( Memento from April 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) at germanhuntingguns.com.
  6. ↑ Weihrauch Werkzeugbau: Company History ( Memento from October 29, 2019 in the Internet Archive ).
  7. ↑ Deutscher Reichsanzeiger: Edition 1921, page 238 online at digi.bib.uni-mannheim.de , item 33 / entry: 272273 Trademark number: 27893 (old HWZ logo), scan of the original viewed on November 3, 2019.
  8. ↑ Trademark sheet: Volume 33, page 2059 , Wila-Verlag für Wirtschaftswerbung, 1926 (accessed on November 2, 2019).
  9. ^ A b Albrecht Wacker, Joachim Görtz: Handbuch Deutscher Waffenstempel: on military and service hand weapons from 1871 to 2000 , VS-Books, 2005, pages 422 and 424. ( partial preview online ).
  10. ↑ a b c d e f g h John Walter: Dictionary of Guns & Gunmakers 05/2018 (online PDF 590 KB) ( Memento from 23 August 2019 in the Internet Archive ) page 19.
  11. ^ A b c d e Robert E. Walker: Cartridges and Firearm Identification, page 268 ( online at archive.org ).
  12. ↑ Commercial register messages : Deutscher Reichsanzeiger (1939) , online at digi.bib.uni-mannheim.de , published 1939, page 305, scan from the original (accessed November 3, 2019).
  13. ↑ Bicycle parts production and address 1935: Address book of the bicycle, motorcycle, sewing machine and office machine subject , Volume 7, Gundlach, 1935 (accessed on November 3, 2019).
  14. ↑ Ernst G. Dieter: In the sign of the armourer , part 2, page 72, DNB info .
  15. ↑ a b c Josef Albl: Disk weapons, breech loading systems from 1850 to 1950, pages 530-533, DNB info .
  16. ↑ Historic Arms Resource Center et al .: The HWZ Model 21 .22RF Martini Target and Sporting rifles. Retrieved November 14, 2019 . .
  17. ↑ Specimen copies of Weihrauch HWZ 29: "HWZ Model 29 22LR rifle" at gunsinternational.com ( Memento from November 14, 2019 in the Internet Archive ), "HWZ Model 29 22LR rifle" at gunsamerica.com ( Memento from November 14, 2019 in the Internet Archive ).
  18. ^ Walter Harold Black Smith, Joseph Smith: The Book of Rifles , 240.
  19. ↑ Specimen copies Weihrauch DSM 34: Weihrauch Hans Hermann DSM-34 Rifle 22 LR "WEAPON FACTORY HERM. WEIHRAUCH / ZELLA-MEHLIS THUR." and "THURINGEN / DAS GRUNE HERZ / DEUTSCHLAND" at rockislandauction.com (accessed on November 12, 2019), "DSM 34 WEIHRAUCH 22LR SEULEMENT 20 EXEMPLAIRES IDENTIFIÉS" ( Memento from November 13, 2019 in the Internet Archive ) at armetec.fr (viewed on November 12, 2019), video "DSM 34 WEIHRAUCH 22LR SEULEMENT 20 EXEMPLAIRES IDENTIFIÉS" from armetec.fr (accessed on November 12, 2019).
  20. ↑ Specimen copy of Weihrauch Drilling: Rick Hacker: "World War II Weihrauch Drilling Gun" at americanrifleman.org ( Memento of November 14, 2019 in the Internet Archive ).
  21. ↑ Specimen copy, auction evidence: "Engraved Oskar Weihrauch Double Barrel Hammerless Shotgun" ( memento of October 29, 2019 in the Internet Archive ), at icollector.com.
  22. ↑ Specimen copies of HWZ post-war shotguns: Herm. Weihrauch Querflinte floral engraving, shelling in February 1949 ( memento from November 16, 2019 in the Internet Archive ), Herm. Weihrauch Querflinte Fasen / Auerhahn-Tiefgravur with 2 barrel bundles, bombardment in March 1949 and April 1951 ( memento of November 16, 2019 in the Internet Archive ), Herm. Weihrauch Querflinte ornamental engraving, bombardment in August 1949 ( memento from November 16, 2019 in the Internet Archive ), Herm. Weihrauch Querflinte deep engraving pheasants and oak leaves, shelling in October 1950 ( memento from November 16, 2019 in the Internet Archive ) and other Herm. Weihrauch Querflinte 1950 , Herm. Weihrauch Querflinte 1950 , Herm. Frankincense shotgun , Herm. Weihrauch Querflinte 1950 , Herm. Frankincense shotgun , Herm. Weihrauch shotgun with Krupp-Essen barrel steel .
  23. ↑ Specimen copy Otto Weihrauch: Otto Weihrauch Querflinte, Beschuss October 1951 ( Memento of November 13, 2019 in the Internet Archive )
  24. ↑ a b Ernst G. Dieter: In the sign of the armorer , part 2, page 53, DNB info .
  25. ^ Frank Baranowski: Arms production in the middle of Germany 1929 - 1945 , page 38.
  26. ↑ Dorothee Reimann: Die Beschussanstalt in Zella-Mehlis ( Memento from November 4, 2019 in the Internet Archive ), February 2006, in German Foundation for Monument Protection, Monuments Online, 2015 (accessed on November 3, 2019).
  27. ↑ Free State of Thuringia: Change of occupation in Thuringia in 1945 ( memento from May 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), 2016 (online PDF 322 kB viewed on November 3, 2019).
  28. ↑ Klaus Jochen Arnold: Dismantling in the Soviet Occupation Zone and Berlin 1945 to 1948 , Subject Inventory Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv, Center for Contemporary History Research, Potsdam 2007, 457 pages. (online PDF 1.9 MB, accessed on November 3, 2019).
  29. ↑ Justus Haupt: The Activation of the Bicycle Industry in the Soviet Occupation Zone 1945/1946 ( Memento of October 27, 2019 in the Internet Archive ), in Der Knochenschüttler , February 2015 edition, pages 32-42. (online PDF 7.1 MB, accessed on November 3, 2019).
  30. ↑ IFA-Fahrradteileewerk (May 1951): Weapons pass for the barrel set caliber 12 ( memo from November 16, 2019 in the Internet Archive ) and gun pass for the barrel set caliber 16 ( memo from 16 November 2019 in the internet archive ).
  31. ^ GDR, Main Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering: Directory of the industrial companies of the GDR , as of April 1, 1950, page 37, company number 33/284/1004 Zella-Mehlis bottom bracket factory (Hermann Weihrauch weapons and bicycle parts factory) Amtsstrasse 24 (bottom bracket and hunting rifles, viewed on November 3, 2019).
  32. ↑ DDR-Fahrradwiki: Entry: FZTW (Weihrauch) ( accessed on November 3, 2019).
  33. ^ Deutsche Handelszentrals Niederlassung Zella-Mehlis: Order in the GDR Law Gazette , Part II, No. 24, page 270, October 22, 1958 (accessed on November 3, 2019).
  34. ↑ Amtstrasse 24 in Zella-Mehlis: Satellite image (2019) (accessed on November 3, 2019).
  35. ↑ Umweltbundesamt , Jürgen Thieme: Inventory of old armaments suspected sites in the Federal Republic of Germany, research report 103 40 102/02 UBA-FB 96-030 / 1, “List of the detected armaments suspected sites” , Land of Thuringia Weihrauch Zella-Mehlis, page 213, object 06060, “ Manufacture of detonators etc. "(several operators) 12.9 MB ( accessed on November 14, 2019).
  36. ^ Bavarian shooting administration: Beschussamt Mellrichstadt ( Memento from November 19, 2019 in the Internet Archive ) at beschussamt.bayern.de.
  37. ↑ a b AKAH catalogs 1950 / 60s AKAH catalogs (scans of originals) ( Memento from November 4, 2019 in the Internet Archive ) at vintageairgunsgallery.com.
  38. ↑ a b Main-Post , press review on articles relating to the Weihrauch company:
  39. ↑ a b c d e f g Manufacturer information on incense weapons:
  40. ^ A b Robert Beeman, John B. Allen: Blue Book of Airguns .
  41. ↑ a b Weihrauch products, official manufacturer's product overview , at weihrauch-sport.de (accessed on November 21, 2019).
  42. ↑ Arminius Revolver, official manufacturer's product overview page, at hermann-weihrauch-revolver.de (accessed on November 21, 2019).
  43. ↑ Raiberg: Weihrauch HW 1 (type 1 to 4) (early Weihrauch-Revolver) ( Memento of November 4, 2019 in the Internet Archive ), at gas-waffen.de (accessed on November 21, 2019).
  44. ↑ George CorEden: Friedrich Pickert (early Pickert revolver) ( Memento from May 10, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), at littlegun.info (accessed on November 21, 2019).
  45. ↑ JR: Comparison of all Arminius revolvers ( Memento from November 21, 2019 in the Internet Archive ), at co2air.de (accessed on November 21, 2019).
  46. ↑ a b Small caliber: Weihrauch, Mellrichstadt at silhouetten.org: History of model development HW-9 ST silhouette model ( Memento from February 28, 2017 in the Internet Archive ), source: Caliber-Club, April 1997 edition.
  47. ↑ a b Glossary: Weihrauch at silhouetten.org: European championship Doris Latz and history of model development HW-9 ST silhouette model ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ).
  48. ↑ Historic Arms Resource Center et al .: The Weihrauch HW 52 Target Rifle. Retrieved November 23, 2019 . .
  49. ↑ Brigitte G. Hölscher: "Weihrauch Feuerstutzen HW 52 - caliber 8.15 x 46 R (around 1954)" at feuerbixler.de ( memento from November 23, 2019 in the Internet Archive ), (viewed on November 19, 2019).
  50. ^ Walter Harold Black Smith, Joseph Smith: The Book of Rifles , 254.
  51. ↑ UCh: The incense "record" match deduction - overview, disassembly instructions, tuning ( memento from November 21, 2019 in the Internet Archive ), at co2air.de (viewed on November 21, 2019).
  52. ↑ EL54: from BB Pelletier: Weihrauch Barakuda EL54 ether-injection air rifle ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ).
  53. ↑ EL54: historical illustration of functional elements and additional tank: Weihrauch Barakuda EL54 ( memento from October 29, 2019 in the Internet Archive ).
  54. ↑ EL54: historical sales prospectus with technical description: Weihrauch Barakuda EL54 ( memento of October 29, 2019 in the Internet Archive ).
  55. ↑ EL54: Article, Trevor Adams: The Barrakuda Ether Rifle ( November 23, 2019 memento in the Internet Archive ), in New Zealand Guns, (accessed November 23, 2019).
  56. ↑ EL54: Barrakuda-Gesellschaft: Original prospectus (cover sheet) and original prospectus (English description) , (scans of originals, accessed on November 23, 2019).
  57. ↑ Weihrauch patent number 739124 Original drawing for the patent ( accessed November 14, 2019).
  58. ^ Robert Beeman: "For the Record: Rare Beeman Guns" at beemans.net ( Memento from April 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive ).
  59. ↑ Catalog pictures of the Stanley pistol: "Stanley Aero-para" at vintageairgunsgallery.com ( Memento from April 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), "Stanley Aero-para" at tapatalk.com ( Memento from November 5, 2019 in the Internet Archive ).
  60. ↑ Ulrich Eichstädt: “Das ist was, Doc” ( Memento from April 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), published in Visier, Issue 12, 2001, pages 92–96.