Werner Doede

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Werner Doede (born November 1, 1904 in Posen , † June 16, 2000 in Kassel ) was a German graphic artist , painter , art historian , curator , author and university lecturer . From 1945 to 1953 he headed the municipal art collections in Düsseldorf . After working as a freelancer in Berlin , from 1961 to 1974 he was a lecturer in art and cultural history at the Staatliche Werkkunstschule Kassel (since 1970 University of Fine Arts / Comprehensive University Kassel ).

Life

Born in Posen and raised in Kahla and Erfurt , Doede studied art history from 1923 and from 1926 to 1929 in Berlin and from 1924 to 1925 at the State Academy for Graphic Arts and Book Trade in Leipzig, commercial graphics and typography . During his studies he was supported by the German National Academic Foundation. Through the mediation of the art historian Walter Passarge , he made his debut in 1929 with his first exhibition in Erfurt. From 1932 to 1934 he studied painting under Heinrich Campendonk , Heinrich Nauen and Franz Radziwill at the Düsseldorf Art Academy and under Rudolf Kömstedt art history at the University of Cologne . After receiving his doctorate on a topic of the history of typefaces in 1935, he began a traineeship at the municipal art collections in Düsseldorf in 1936 , after which he was taken on there by the museum director Hans Wilhelm Hupp as a research assistant . In addition to this activity, he wrote as an art reporter for the Rheinisch-Westfälische Zeitung in Essen.

After Hupp's successor, the painter Fred Kocks , who as a member of the NSDAP, speechwriter and protégé of the Düsseldorf Gauleiter Friedrich Karl Florian, had quickly made his career from curator to museum director, at the instigation of the British military government in 1945 he was removed from his post and transferred to another municipal office Doede, who had been a soldier in the Second World War between 1940 and 1945 and had been released from British captivity, was promoted to the position of acting director of the Düsseldorf art collections in August 1945 as a politically unaffected person. In 1947 he was appointed custodian and thus his acceptance into the civil service relationship upon revocation.

As such, he had to deal with difficult reorganization issues, including the renovation and refurbishment of the Museum am Ehrenhof , which during the war had been partially converted into a telegraph office and post office, and the restitution of illegitimately purchased works by old masters and the repatriation of former and former masters outsourced holdings to your own collections. In his museum policy, Doede worked towards the rehabilitation of art classified as “ degenerate ” under National Socialism with the exhibition “Lebendiges Erbe”, which opened on July 15, 1946, with works by artists who had been murdered or died in the past twelve years . In addition, it showed a representative cross-section of foreign art in exhibitions. In addition, he shed light on local and regional art in exhibitions such as “100 Years of Düsseldorf Painting” and “German Painters since the Romantic Age”. When rebuilding the collections of modern art, Doede attached importance to the acquisition of the works of ostracized artists as well as the reacquisition of expressionist prints and drawings that had once been part of the collections. He proceeded in a similar way with the paintings and sculptures confiscated during the National Socialist era.

Despite the success, Doede, who had ended the practice of lending art to decorate office space, had uncompromisingly opposed the removal of works from the collections for gift purposes and had thwarted the attempt to return Fred Kock to the management of the municipal collections in 1949 the city often rejected. After the proposal of the culture committee to appoint Doede as director of the collections failed due to resistance from the personnel committee, the personnel came again in 1952 to the culture committee, where the responsible cultural department head Erwin Menken openly questioned Doede's abilities. In 1953 - a few days before his official appointment - Doede's resignation took place after he had intervened a second time against Kock's relocation. Shortly before, he had been appointed chairman of the Working Group on Rhenish Museums.

With a severance payment as a financial basis, Doede then worked as a freelancer in West Berlin . From this time he worked again artistically by making drawings and collages, as well as through scientific publications and exhibitions. In 1963, for example, he appeared in the “Writing and Image” exhibition shown in Baden-Baden and Amsterdam. Appointed by Jupp Ernst, he lectured art and cultural history at the Staatliche Werkkunstschule Kassel from 1961. His teaching activity ended in 1974.

Fonts (selection)

  • Art collections of the city of Düsseldorf . Düsseldorf 1947.
  • Fritz Reusing . Exhibition catalog of the Düsseldorf Municipal Art Collections, Düsseldorf 1950.
  • Museum and exhibition catalogs . In: Kulturarbeit , 11 (1950), p. 249 f.
  • Art exhibition iron and steel, Düsseldorf 1952 . Board of Trustees Art Exhibition Iron and Steel, Düsseldorf 1952.
  • Writing beautifully, an art. Johann Neudörffer and his school in the 16th and 17th centuries. Munich 1957.
  • Bibliography of German writing master books from Neudörffer up to 1800 . Verlag Ernst Hauswedell, Stuttgart 1958.
  • Living metal . Exhibition catalog of the Bochum Municipal Art Gallery, Bochum 1960.
  • Berlin. Art and artists since 1870. Beginnings and developments . Bongers, Recklinghausen 1961.
  • Lotte B. Prechner . Bongers, Recklinghausen 1966.
  • Robert Pudlich . Monographs on Rhenish-Westphalian contemporary art, Volume 35, Bongers, Recklinghausen 1968.
  • with Gisela Doede: The Berlin Secession . Berlin as the center of German art from the turn of the century to the First World War . Propylaea, Frankfurt am Main 1977.
  • Jan Tschichold . Supplement to Jan Tschichold: The new typography. A manual for contemporary professionals. Brinkmann & Bose, Berlin 1981, p. 6 f.
  • The painter Robert Pudlich as a draftsman, 1905–1962 . Munich 1985.
  • Writing beautifully, an art. Johann Neudörffer and the Calligraphy of the Baroque . Prestel, Munich 1988.

literature

  • Wolfgang Horn: Cultural Policy in Düsseldorf. Situation and new beginning after 1945 . Leske Verlag, Opladen 1981, ISBN 978-3-8100-0396-6 , pp. 89 ff. ( Google Books ).
  • Kay Heymer: The Art Collections of the City of Düsseldorf 1945–1953. Acquisition policy and exhibitions in the Werner Doede era . In: Julia Friedrich, Andreas Prinzing (eds.): “That's how you just started, without many words”. Exhibition and Collection Policy in the First Years after the Second World War . Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-1103-4285-7 , pp. 56-62 ( Google Books ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The graphic and artistic meaning of the Fraktur initials among the German typists 1500–1800 . Dissertation at the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Cologne, published in Cologne in 1938
  2. ↑ Wolfgang Horn, p. 89
  3. ↑ Düsseldorf City Archives, File IV 5312, file number VI-I-69
  4. ↑ Kay Heymer, pp. 56-62
personal data
SURNAME Doede, Werner
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German graphic artist, painter, art historian, curator, author and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH November 1, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Poses
DATE OF DEATH June 16, 2000
Place of death kassel