Wilhelm Bernhard Mönnich

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Wilhelm Bernhard Mönnich (born February 4, 1799 in Berlin , † August 8, 1868 in Stuttgart ) was a German educator, supporter of the gymnastics movement and fraternity member .

Life

Wilhelm Bernhard Mönnich was a son from the marriage of the secret mountain and building counselor Bernhard Friedrich Mönnich with Amalia Karoline Leßmann. He had a twin brother named Carl Friedrich who died at the age of eight.

Mönnich received part of his high school education at the Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster in Berlin. His teacher there in German and gymnastics was gymnastics father Jahn . Mönnich then moved to Breslau , where he taught harness , and volunteered for the campaign of 1815. He then began his studies in Breslau, continued in Jena and finally finished in Bonn because the Prussian students had to leave Jena. In Breslau he became a member of the Teutonia Landsmannschaft in 1816 and co-founded the Breslau fraternity in 1817/18 . In Jena he became a member of the original fraternity in 1818 , in Bonn in 1819 a member of the fraternity there. A son of Fellenberg called him to Hofwil in 1821 . Two years later he moved to the secondary school in Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau before he started working in the editorial office of the Europäische Blätter . After they were banned, he went to Cotta in Stuttgart in 1825 , where he married his friend Wolfgang Menzel by marriage in 1827 by marrying the pastor's daughter Auguste Luise Friederike Bilfinger. The first child from this connection was born in 1825, a son named Wilhelm Bernhard, who died as a student in Tübingen in 1853.

In 1828 he became editor of the Cotta-Blatt Inland in Munich . A year later he moved to Nuremberg , where he became the rector of the high school. Although he had become an honorary citizen of Nuremberg, in 1845 he accepted a call back to Hofwyl. The school there was closed because of the Sonderbund War , so Mönnich had to change his place of work and place of residence again. In 1848 he became professor for German language and literature at the upper grammar school in Stuttgart. In 1850 he became head of the seminar in Urach and in 1854 rector of the grammar school and secondary school in Heilbronn . He retired in 1860 because of gout . His successor as headmaster in Heilbronn was Christoph Eberhard Finckh . Mönnich was temporarily the editor of the Pedagogical Papers .

Gustav von Schmoller explained in his memories of his youth that most of his teachers at the Heilbronn grammar school, especially in the lower classes, were no good. Finckh, for example, had done “everything he could” to make him bored with reading Greek. But the more important the lessons with Professor Julius Rieckher were and “the best” was Rector Mönnich's lessons in German literature and history.

Mönnich and the gymnastics

Mönnich was an advocate of gymnastics and thus pursued a very specific purpose. His work Das Turnen und der Kriegsdienst , published in Stuttgart in 1843, begins with the words: “Eternal peace is a dream that one has to get out of one's mind, no matter how much one likes it; for nothing is more certain than that, if at all, it is by no means to be thought of in the next thousand years. Therefore there is nothing else left than to be prepared for war, to be prepared for war at every moment [...] “This tenor continues. Germany will, “if it advances on the path of world historical honor that it has entered, sooner or later, with the West or the East, perhaps with both at the same time, even with the greater part of Europe, will be involved in a death-and-life struggle . “That is why young people must be prepared for military service. Otherwise it was “to be worried and already confirmed by some sad experience that if [...] exercises increasing strength and agility should be undertaken with the already stiffened soldiers”, “those of the [...] exertion earlier or later succumb. "In the past, so Mönnich, there were also so-called gymnastic trips, hikes lasting several days or several weeks, during which" a certain marching order was observed ". In the meantime, "where the youth are allowed to run around without an adult guide", this is unfortunately no longer always the case, just as the discipline is no longer observed when camping and taking a break. At least one hour of physical education daily is required in all schools. A gymnasium must be built next to each gymnastics area. Both must be in a good, healthy location, neither “on the dust of the military roads, nor in the damp lowlands, nor between houses”, but ideally on a “hill topped by a wood”. “No school in town or in the country is allowed to be without its gymnastics teacher, gymnasium and gymnasium, and all students have to do gymnastics every day for at least one hour, Wednesdays and Saturdays for the whole afternoon, starting at two o'clock. Every month there is a short one and a half day gymnastics tour; to carry out a larger one of at least one week every three months, ”demanded Mönnich and explained on the last pages of his paper on gymnastics and military service how, in his opinion, the establishment of gymnastics lessons and the provision of teachers should look like.

Publications

  • Ground plan for the school grammar of the German language , Nuremberg 1840
  • Youth and educational stories of strange men and women , Nuremberg 1841
  • Gymnastics and military service , Stuttgart 1843
  • Commemoration for the bicentenary of the foundation ceremony of the Pegnese Order of Flowers , Nuremberg 1844
  • Dr. Martin Luther , Nuremberg 1846
  • Nibelungen and Kudrun songs selected for schools and edited along with the theory of forms, dictionary and some Gothic and Old High German language samples , Stuttgart 1852
  • Schiller, the poet after the heart of the nation , Heilbronn 1859
  • The German gymnastics exercises. A preschool for military service , Metzler 1861

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Overview of the relationship on merkel-zeller.de , accessed on December 3, 2019
  2. ^ Peter Kaupp (edit.): Stamm-Buch of the Jenaische Burschenschaft. The members of the original fraternity 1815-1819 (= treatises on student and higher education. Vol. 14). SH-Verlag, Cologne 2005, ISBN 3-89498-156-3 , p. 149.
  3. ↑ Overview of the family on merkel-zeller.de , accessed on December 3, 2019
  4. ^ A b c Gustav Schmoller: My years of youth in Heilbronn. In: Christhard Schrenk and Peter Wanner : Heilbronnica 4. Contributions to the city and regional history. Heilbronn City Archives 2008, ISBN 978-3-940646-01-9 , pp. 333–350, p. 334 ( digitized version )
  5. ^ Wilhelm Bernhard Mönnich: Gymnastics and military service , Stuttgart 1843, p. 5
  6. ^ Wilhelm Bernhard Mönnich: The gymnastics and the war service , Stuttgart 1843, p. 7
  7. ^ Wilhelm Bernhard Mönnich: The gymnastics and the military service , Stuttgart 1843, p. 21
  8. ^ A b Wilhelm Bernhard Mönnich: Gymnastics and military service , Stuttgart 1843, p. 29
  9. ^ A b Wilhelm Bernhard Mönnich: Gymnastics and military service , Stuttgart 1843, p. 34
  10. ^ Wilhelm Bernhard Mönnich: The gymnastics and the war service , Stuttgart 1843, p. 35
personal data
SURNAME Mönnich, Wilhelm Bernhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German editor and headmaster
DATE OF BIRTH February 4, 1799
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH August 8, 1868
Place of death Stuttgart